{"id":"methotrexate-and-folic-acid","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"10–30%","effect":"Myelosuppression (anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia)"},{"rate":"5–15%","effect":"Mucositis / stomatitis"},{"rate":"10–20%","effect":"Nausea and vomiting"},{"rate":"5–10%","effect":"Hepatotoxicity"},{"rate":"5–10%","effect":"Nephrotoxicity"},{"rate":"5–15%","effect":"Infection (due to immunosuppression)"},{"rate":"5–10%","effect":"Alopecia"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Methotrexate is a folate antagonist that blocks dihydrofolate reductase, reducing tetrahydrofolate cofactors needed for nucleotide synthesis and cell division. This mechanism makes it effective as both a chemotherapy and immunosuppressive agent. Folic acid (folinic acid or leucovorin) supplementation rescues normal cells from methotrexate toxicity by providing an alternative source of one-carbon units, thereby reducing adverse effects while preserving therapeutic benefit.","oneSentence":"Methotrexate inhibits dihydrofolate reductase to suppress cell proliferation and immune activation, while folic acid supplementation mitigates methotrexate-induced folate deficiency and toxicity.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T01:21:02.161Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Rheumatoid arthritis"},{"name":"Various malignancies (as part of combination chemotherapy regimens)"},{"name":"Autoimmune and inflammatory conditions"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT06317662","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Testing the Addition of the Anti-cancer Drug Venetoclax and/or the Anti-cancer Immunotherapy Blinatumomab to the Usual Chemotherapy Treatment for Infants With Newly Diagnosed KMT2A-rearranged or KMT2A-non-rearranged Leukemia","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"National Cancer Institute (NCI)","startDate":"2025-06-05","conditions":"Acute Leukemia of Ambiguous Lineage, B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","enrollment":153},{"nctId":"NCT03914625","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study to Investigate Blinatumomab in Combination With Chemotherapy in Patients With Newly Diagnosed B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"National Cancer Institute (NCI)","startDate":"2019-07-03","conditions":"B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, B Lymphoblastic Lymphoma, Down Syndrome","enrollment":6720},{"nctId":"NCT00792948","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Combination Chemotherapy With or Without Donor Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"National Cancer Institute (NCI)","startDate":"2009-09-01","conditions":"Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Adult B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Adult B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia With t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2); BCR-ABL1","enrollment":97},{"nctId":"NCT07015242","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Lisocabtagene Maraleucel (Liso-cel) as First-Line Therapy in Adults With Transplant-Ineligible Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Juno Therapeutics, Inc., a Bristol-Myers Squibb Company","startDate":"2025-11-06","conditions":"Lymphoma","enrollment":65},{"nctId":"NCT03684980","phase":"EARLY_PHASE1","title":"LTA Pilot Study of Glucarpidase in Patients With Central Nervous System Lymphoma","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center","startDate":"2018-11-14","conditions":"Central Nervous System Lymphoma","enrollment":58},{"nctId":"NCT06124157","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study Testing the Combination of Dasatinib or Imatinib to Chemotherapy Treatment With Blinatumomab for Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults With Philadelphia Chromosome Positive (Ph+) or ABL-Class Philadelphia Chromosome-Like (Ph-Like) B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL)","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"National Cancer Institute (NCI)","startDate":"2025-05-30","conditions":"B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","enrollment":222},{"nctId":"NCT05292664","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Venetoclax Basket Trial for High Risk Hematologic Malignancies","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Andrew E. 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