{"id":"metformin-plus-clomiphene-citrate","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"20-30","effect":"Gastrointestinal disturbance (metformin)"},{"rate":"10-20","effect":"Hot flashes (clomiphene)"},{"rate":"1-2","effect":"Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (clomiphene)"},{"rate":"1-2","effect":"Visual disturbances (clomiphene)"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Headache"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"This combination targets both metabolic and reproductive dysfunction, commonly seen in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Metformin decreases insulin resistance and lowers androgen levels, creating a more favorable hormonal environment. Clomiphene citrate blocks negative feedback on the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, promoting follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) release and ovulation.","oneSentence":"Metformin reduces hepatic glucose production and improves insulin sensitivity, while clomiphene citrate acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator to stimulate ovulation and restore reproductive function.","_ai_confidence":"medium"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:54:42.783Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with anovulation and infertility"},{"name":"Insulin resistance with reproductive dysfunction"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT02523898","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Metformine and CC Compared With Placebo and CC for Induction Ovulation in PCOS Patients With Insulin Resistant","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Semnan University of Medical Sciences","startDate":"2015-11","conditions":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Hyperandrogenism","enrollment":388},{"nctId":"NCT03135301","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Letrozole in Clomiphene Resistant Infertile Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Assiut University","startDate":"2017-06-20","conditions":"Infertility, Female","enrollment":80},{"nctId":"NCT05362799","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Different Induction Protocols in PCOS After Clomiphene Citrate Failed Pregnancy in Non-IVF Cycles","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Menoufia University","startDate":"2022-06-01","conditions":"Infertility, Female","enrollment":176},{"nctId":"NCT03566225","phase":"EARLY_PHASE1","title":"Pioglitazone Versus Metformin as First Treatment in Infertile Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Ain Shams University","startDate":"2018-01-30","conditions":"Pioglitazone","enrollment":400},{"nctId":"NCT04170439","phase":"NA","title":"Added Value of N Acetyle Cysteine to Clomiphene Citrate in PCO","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Aljazeera Hospital","startDate":"2019-11-20","conditions":"PCO","enrollment":108},{"nctId":"NCT02562664","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Metformin Improves Clinical Pregnancy Rate in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Patients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Assiut University","startDate":"2014-01","conditions":"Reproductive Endocrinology, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome","enrollment":66},{"nctId":"NCT03674385","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Efficacy of Vit E in PCOS Resistant to Clomiphene Citrate","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Ain Shams University","startDate":"2018-07-19","conditions":"Clomiphene Citrate Resistant Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT03681197","phase":"EARLY_PHASE1","title":"Metformin Use and Clinical Pregnancy Rate in Women With Unexplained Infertility","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Elham Raafat","startDate":"2018-06-15","conditions":"Infertility","enrollment":170},{"nctId":"NCT03108963","phase":"PHASE2","title":"L-carnitine and Metformin in Obese PCOS Women.","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Zagazig University","startDate":"2017-01","conditions":"PCOS","enrollment":280},{"nctId":"NCT02304536","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Comparison Between Laparoscopic Ovarian Diathermy and Urinary Purified FSH in Women With Clomiphene Citrate Resistant Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Cairo University","startDate":"2014-11","conditions":"Infertility","enrollment":210},{"nctId":"NCT01909141","phase":"EARLY_PHASE1","title":"Ovulation Induction in Women With Clomiphene Citrate Resistant PCOS","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Cairo University","startDate":"2013-08","conditions":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Infertility","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT01529177","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Metformin for the Treatment of Unexplained Oligozspermia","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"The Egyptian IVF-ET Center","startDate":"2012-02","conditions":"Infertility","enrollment":600},{"nctId":"NCT02341703","phase":"EARLY_PHASE1","title":"Ovulation Induction in Clomiphene Citrate Resistant PCO Women","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Cairo University","startDate":"2015-02","conditions":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Infertility","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT01638988","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Clomifene Citrate Versus Metformin in First-line Treatment of Infertility in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and a Resistance to Insulin","status":"WITHDRAWN","sponsor":"Clinique Ovo","startDate":"2013-09","conditions":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Insulin Resistance","enrollment":""},{"nctId":"NCT00461643","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Strategies for Ovulation Induction in Anovulatory Infertile Patients With PCOS","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"University Magna Graecia","startDate":"2007-01","conditions":"Anovulatory Infertility Related to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","enrollment":552},{"nctId":"NCT01784380","phase":"","title":"The Potential Biochemical Diagnosis Criteria and Therapeutic Effect Indexes: Sex Hormone Binding Globulin Levels and Free Androgen Index in Blood of Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Zhongshan Bo Ai Hospital","startDate":"2006-10","conditions":"The Investigators Collected 534 PCOS Patients as the Case Group,and 580 Infertile Women With Normal Ovulatory Cycle of the Control Group;, At the Same Time, the Investigators Continuedly Collect Cases to October 2012, and Totally Collected 579 Patients With PCOS Altogether;, 534 Patients in the Cases Group and 580 Women in the Control Group Received no Measures, While 579 Patients Received Drugs;","enrollment":1159},{"nctId":"NCT01693289","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Study to Compare Between Combimed Metformin-letrozole and Ovarian Drilling in Pcos With Bilateral Ovarian Drilling in Clomiphene-resistant Infertile Women With Polycystic 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Ovary Syndrome, Miscarriage, Infertility","enrollment":326},{"nctId":"NCT01008046","phase":"NA","title":"N-acetyl Cysteine and Clomiphene Citrate or Metformin and Clomiphene Citrate for Women With CC Resistant Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Mansoura University","startDate":"2007-04","conditions":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","enrollment":192},{"nctId":"NCT00969631","phase":"NA","title":"Combined Metformin and Clomiphene Citrate (CC) or Laparoscopic Ovarian Diathermy for Women With CC Resistant Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Mansoura University","startDate":"2005-09","conditions":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","enrollment":282},{"nctId":"NCT00911313","phase":"NA","title":"Letrozole or Combined Metformin Clomiphene Citrate (CC) for Women With CC Resistant Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Mansoura University","startDate":"2006-06","conditions":"Polycystic Ovary 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Used for Anovulation and infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), Ovulatory dysfunction in insulin-resistant women.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}