{"id":"metformin-cloridrate","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"20–30","effect":"Gastrointestinal disturbance (nausea, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort)"},{"rate":"3–5","effect":"Metallic taste"},{"rate":"10–30","effect":"Vitamin B12 deficiency (with long-term use)"},{"rate":"<0.1","effect":"Lactic acidosis (rare, in renal impairment)"}]},"_chembl":{"chemblId":"CHEMBL1431","moleculeType":"Small molecule","molecularWeight":"129.17"},"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Metformin is a biguanide that primarily works by decreasing gluconeogenesis in the liver and enhancing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization. It does not stimulate insulin secretion, making it weight-neutral and useful across a broad range of glycemic control. The drug may also improve insulin sensitivity at the cellular level through effects on mitochondrial function and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation.","oneSentence":"Metformin hydrochloride reduces hepatic glucose production and improves insulin sensitivity, thereby lowering blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:54:33.620Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus"},{"name":"Prediabetes (off-label or prevention studies)"},{"name":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with insulin resistance"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT00437333","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Metformin Suspension and Insulin Sensitivity","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University Magna Graecia","startDate":"2003-12","conditions":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","enrollment":30}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[{"count":6,"reaction":"HYPOGLYCAEMIA"},{"count":2,"reaction":"HYPERHIDROSIS"},{"count":2,"reaction":"HYPOGLYCAEMIC COMA"},{"count":2,"reaction":"LACTIC ACIDOSIS"},{"count":1,"reaction":"ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE INCREASED"},{"count":1,"reaction":"ALTERED STATE OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"count":1,"reaction":"ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE INCREASED"},{"count":1,"reaction":"CHILLS"},{"count":1,"reaction":"CONFUSIONAL STATE"},{"count":1,"reaction":"DYSARTHRIA"}],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":0,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Metformin cloridrate","genericName":"Metformin cloridrate","companyName":"University Magna Graecia","companyId":"university-magna-graecia","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Metformin hydrochloride reduces hepatic glucose production and improves insulin sensitivity, lowering blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. Used for Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Prediabetes (off-label or in some guidelines).","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}