{"id":"maintenance-of-immediate-release-tacrolimus","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"20-40","effect":"Nephrotoxicity"},{"rate":"30-50","effect":"Hypertension"},{"rate":"20-30","effect":"Hyperglycemia"},{"rate":"5-15","effect":"Tremor"},{"rate":"10-20","effect":"Headache"},{"rate":"20-40","effect":"Infection"},{"rate":"10-20","effect":"Hyperkalemia"},{"rate":"1-5","effect":"Neurotoxicity (including PRES)"}]},"_chembl":{"chemblId":"CHEMBL3989887","moleculeType":"Small molecule","molecularWeight":"822.05"},"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Tacrolimus binds to the immunophilin FKBP12 and inhibits calcineurin phosphatase, which prevents dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells). This blocks the transcription of interleukin-2 and other cytokines essential for T-cell proliferation and differentiation. The immediate-release formulation provides rapid absorption for acute immunosuppression, while maintenance therapy sustains long-term graft tolerance.","oneSentence":"Tacrolimus is a calcineurin inhibitor that suppresses T-cell activation by blocking the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby preventing organ rejection.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:53:49.450Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Maintenance immunosuppression in organ transplant recipients (kidney, heart, liver, pancreas)"},{"name":"Prevention of organ rejection in transplant patients"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT06751992","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Neurocognitive Function Changes With Extended-Release Tacrolimus Among Older Kidney Transplant Recipients","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Massachusetts General Hospital","startDate":"2026-03-17","conditions":"Kidney Transplant Recipients, Old Age","enrollment":92},{"nctId":"NCT04646356","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Tacrolimus Trial for Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Unity Health Toronto","startDate":"2020-10-20","conditions":"Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia, Epistaxis Nosebleed","enrollment":10},{"nctId":"NCT04225988","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Comparison of Tacrolimus Extended-Release (Envarsus XR) to Tacrolimus Immediate-Release in Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Sensitized Kidney Transplant Recipients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","startDate":"2020-01-09","conditions":"Kidney Transplant Rejection","enrollment":20}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":15,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":["Prograf"],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Maintenance of immediate-release tacrolimus","genericName":"Maintenance of immediate-release tacrolimus","companyName":"Massachusetts General Hospital","companyId":"massachusetts-general-hospital","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Tacrolimus inhibits calcineurin phosphatase, blocking T-cell activation and proliferation to prevent organ rejection. Used for Maintenance immunosuppression in organ transplant recipients (kidney, heart, liver, pancreas), Prevention of organ rejection in transplant patients.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}