{"id":"low-dose-glucagon","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Nausea"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Vomiting"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Headache"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Hyperglycemia (rebound)"}]},"_chembl":{"chemblId":"CHEMBL2108580","moleculeType":"Unknown"},"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Glucagon is a hormone that binds to glucagon receptors on hepatic cells, triggering glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis to raise blood glucose levels. At low doses, it provides rapid glucose elevation with reduced gastrointestinal side effects compared to standard glucagon doses. This mechanism makes it suitable for treating acute hypoglycemic episodes in diabetic patients, particularly those on insulin therapy.","oneSentence":"Low-dose glucagon activates glucagon receptors to stimulate hepatic glucose output and counteract hypoglycemia in diabetes patients.","_ai_confidence":"medium"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:53:15.430Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Acute hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes mellitus"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT07218445","phase":"PHASE4","title":"The Effect of Tirzepatide on Menopausal Vasomotor Symptoms and Biological Aging in Post-menopausal Women With Obesity","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Mayo Clinic","startDate":"2026-04","conditions":"Obesity, Menopause Hot Flashes","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT07462663","phase":"","title":"SHAPE-ENDO: Multimodal Pre-Surgical Optimization in Patients With Obesity and Early-Stage Endometrial Cancer","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge","startDate":"2026-05","conditions":"Endometrial Cancer, Endometrial Cancer Stage I, Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia and Endometrial Carcinoma Stage I","enrollment":82},{"nctId":"NCT07427251","phase":"PHASE4","title":"The Postprandial Hypo-Avoid Study","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen","startDate":"2026-03-15","conditions":"Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus","enrollment":18},{"nctId":"NCT07101939","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Study of the Effect of (S)-Pindolol Benzoate (ACM-001.1) on Lean Body Mass (LBM) in Obese Patents During (PROACT 1), and Post-semaglutide Therapy (PROACT 2)","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Actimed Therapeutics Ltd","startDate":"2025-06-23","conditions":"Obesity, Muscle Loss","enrollment":120},{"nctId":"NCT06965413","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Study to Assess Efficacy, Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics (PK) and Pharmacodynamics (PD) of RO7204239 in Combination With Tirzepatide in Participants With Obesity or Overweight With At Least One Weight-related Comorbidity","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Hoffmann-La Roche","startDate":"2025-05-05","conditions":"Obesity, Overweight, Overweight With One Weight Related Comorbidity","enrollment":285},{"nctId":"NCT07246421","phase":"NA","title":"Glucagon Resistance in Patients With MASLD and T2DM","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"University of Aarhus","startDate":"2026-01-29","conditions":"Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM)","enrollment":24},{"nctId":"NCT04614168","phase":"NA","title":"Maximising Time With a Normal Blood Glucose to Restore the Glucagon Response in Type 1 Diabetes","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Edinburgh","startDate":"2021-07-26","conditions":"Type 1 Diabetes, Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus With Hypoglycemia, Hypoglycemia","enrollment":24},{"nctId":"NCT07336862","phase":"PHASE1, PHASE2","title":"Bariatric Surgery Combined With GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Study","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"China-Japan Friendship Hospital","startDate":"2024-01-01","conditions":"Obesity","enrollment":200},{"nctId":"NCT06500143","phase":"","title":"Residual Gastric Content After Holding of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Before Elective Surgery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Ciusss de L'Est de l'Île de Montréal","startDate":"2024-10-09","conditions":"Gastric Retention","enrollment":94},{"nctId":"NCT04825366","phase":"NA","title":"Restoration of Hypoglycemia Awareness With Home-based High Intensity Interval Training","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal","startDate":"2021-08-03","conditions":"Type 1 Diabetes, Hypoglycemia Unawareness","enrollment":47},{"nctId":"NCT05415410","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Proof-of-concept Trial of Apraglutide in Acute Graft Versus Host Disease (aGVHD)","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"VectivBio AG","startDate":"2022-05-25","conditions":"GVHD","enrollment":31},{"nctId":"NCT05260021","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study to Evaluate Tirzepatide (LY3298176) in Pediatric and Adolescent Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Inadequately Controlled With Metformin or Basal Insulin or Both","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Eli Lilly and Company","startDate":"2022-04-13","conditions":"Type2 Diabetes, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","enrollment":99},{"nctId":"NCT07179120","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Can Fat-Burning Shots Boost Fertility? Comparing Weight-Loss Injections vs. Healthy Habits for Obese Men With Low Sperm Health","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University","startDate":"2026-05-01","conditions":"Obesity-related Male Infertility","enrollment":180},{"nctId":"NCT05680155","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Phase 3 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of XW003 Compared With Placebo in T2DM Patients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Hangzhou Sciwind Biosciences Co., Ltd.","startDate":"2022-12-29","conditions":"T2DM, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","enrollment":211},{"nctId":"NCT05548647","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Semaglutide Treatment, Appetite, and Eating Behavior: Long-term Effects","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Pennsylvania","startDate":"2022-07-26","conditions":"Obesity","enrollment":120},{"nctId":"NCT05379686","phase":"NA","title":"Glucagon and Advanced HCL System to Prevent Exercise-Induced Hypoglycaemia in People With Type 1 Diabetes","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen","startDate":"2022-09-21","conditions":"Type 1 Diabetes, Hypoglycemia","enrollment":10},{"nctId":"NCT06548490","phase":"PHASE2","title":"GLP-1R Agonist Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Milton S. Hershey Medical Center","startDate":"2025-01-13","conditions":"Opioid Use Disorder, Opioid Abuse and Addiction, Narcotic-Related Disorders","enrollment":200},{"nctId":"NCT07092605","phase":"EARLY_PHASE1","title":"Effectiveness of Microdosed GLP-1 in Improving Health, Quality of Life, and Longevity Measures","status":"ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION","sponsor":"AgelessRx","startDate":"2024-11-01","conditions":"Longevity, Quality of Life, Mood","enrollment":150},{"nctId":"NCT03241706","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Liver Glycogen and Hypoglycemia in Humans","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Jason Winnick","startDate":"2018-08-02","conditions":"Hypoglycemia; Iatrogenic","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT03260881","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Liraglutide Effects on Epicardial Fat Inflammatory Genes","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Miami","startDate":"2018-09-01","conditions":"Type2 Diabetes, Coronary Artery Disease","enrollment":38},{"nctId":"NCT06073184","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Weight-loss Drug for Fertility-Sparing Treatment of Atypical Hyperplasia and Low-grade Cancer of the Endometrium","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"University Health Network, Toronto","startDate":"2025-08","conditions":"Endometrial Cancer, Atypical Hyperplasia","enrollment":71},{"nctId":"NCT05680129","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Phase 3 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of XW003 Compared With Dulaglutide in Participants With T2DM","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Hangzhou Sciwind Biosciences Co., Ltd.","startDate":"2023-01-10","conditions":"T2DM, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","enrollment":623},{"nctId":"NCT05813795","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Phase 3 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of XW003 in Adults With Overweight or Obesity","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Hangzhou Sciwind Biosciences Co., Ltd.","startDate":"2023-04-05","conditions":"Weight Management","enrollment":664},{"nctId":"NCT03139305","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Effect of Prolonged (72 Hour) Glucagon Administration on Energy Expenditure in Healthy Obese Subjects","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"AdventHealth Translational Research Institute","startDate":"2017-10-24","conditions":"Obesity","enrollment":30},{"nctId":"NCT04199728","phase":"PHASE1, PHASE2","title":"Use of a GLP-1R Agonist to Treat Opioid Use Disorder","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Milton S. Hershey Medical Center","startDate":"2021-10-18","conditions":"Opiate Substitution Treatment, Opioid-Related Disorders","enrollment":27},{"nctId":"NCT06126354","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Dexamethasone/Pancreatic Clamp P&F","status":"WITHDRAWN","sponsor":"Columbia University","startDate":"2024-07-01","conditions":"Insulin Resistance, Prediabetic State, Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","enrollment":""},{"nctId":"NCT05076292","phase":"NA","title":"Low-dose Glucagon for Prevention of Exercise-Induced Hypoglycemia in People With Type 1 Diabetes","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen","startDate":"2021-11-23","conditions":"Type 1 Diabetes, Hypoglycemia","enrollment":22},{"nctId":"NCT06154096","phase":"","title":"Liver Fat and Glucagon Resistance","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Imperial College London","startDate":"2024-03","conditions":"Steatosis of Liver","enrollment":20},{"nctId":"NCT05007977","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Effect of ZT-01 on Glucagon During Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Zucara Therapeutics Inc.","startDate":"2021-07-08","conditions":"Type 1 Diabetes, Hypoglycemia","enrollment":24},{"nctId":"NCT04050670","phase":"PHASE1","title":"A Study of Tirzepatide at Different Injection Sites in Participants With Different Body Sizes","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Eli Lilly and Company","startDate":"2019-09-13","conditions":"Healthy","enrollment":54},{"nctId":"NCT05606471","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Agonism With Very Low Calorie Diets","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"University of Nottingham","startDate":"2021-09-15","conditions":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Obese","enrollment":45},{"nctId":"NCT04042142","phase":"NA","title":"Glucagon Resistance in Patients With NAFLD","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Aarhus","startDate":"2019-10-05","conditions":"Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis, Glucose Metabolism Disorders","enrollment":28},{"nctId":"NCT04903509","phase":"PHASE1","title":"A Study in Men With Overweight to Test How Well Different Doses of BI 1820237 Are Tolerated When Given as an Injection Alone or in Combination With Liraglutide","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Boehringer Ingelheim","startDate":"2021-06-08","conditions":"Healthy","enrollment":95},{"nctId":"NCT03350191","phase":"PHASE1","title":"A Clinical Study to Investigate if SAR425899 Binds to the Liver and Pancreas in Overweight to Obese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Sanofi","startDate":"2017-12-20","conditions":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","enrollment":13},{"nctId":"NCT03659461","phase":"NA","title":"Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Levels, Insulin Resistance and Insulin Sensitivity Index in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"National University of Malaysia","startDate":"2017-10-01","conditions":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, PreDiabetes","enrollment":174},{"nctId":"NCT04758858","phase":"NA","title":"Carbohydrates Under Target for Type 1 Diabetes Management","status":"WITHDRAWN","sponsor":"Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal","startDate":"2021-03","conditions":"Type 1 Diabetes","enrollment":""},{"nctId":"NCT02971228","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Feasibility Trial Testing the Bionic Pancreas With ZP4207","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Zealand Pharma","startDate":"2016-11","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","enrollment":13},{"nctId":"NCT04122716","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Combined Effects of GLP-1 Analogue and Exercise on Maintenance of Weight Loss and Health After Very-low Calorie Diet","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Signe Torekov","startDate":"2016-09","conditions":"Obesity","enrollment":215},{"nctId":"NCT03235050","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of MEDI0382 in the Treatment of Overweight and Obese Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"AstraZeneca","startDate":"2017-08-02","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","enrollment":834},{"nctId":"NCT03061227","phase":"NA","title":"Characterization of Metabolic and Brain Effects of Rising Glucagon During an Oral Glucose Challenge","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University Hospital Tuebingen","startDate":"2017-02-10","conditions":"Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetes","enrollment":32},{"nctId":"NCT02846857","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Closed-loop Control of Glucose Levels (Artificial Pancreas) for 15 Weeks in Adolescents and Adults With Type 1 Diabetes","status":"WITHDRAWN","sponsor":"Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal","startDate":"","conditions":"Type 1 Diabetes","enrollment":""},{"nctId":"NCT00781937","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Comparison of Liraglutide Versus Placebo in Weight Loss Maintenance in Obese Subjects: SCALE - Maintenance","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Novo Nordisk A/S","startDate":"2008-10-30","conditions":"Metabolism and Nutrition Disorder, Obesity","enrollment":422},{"nctId":"NCT00978393","phase":"PHASE1","title":"A Trial to Assess the Effect of Liraglutide on Gastric Emptying in Healthy Obese Volunteers","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Novo Nordisk A/S","startDate":"2009-09-16","conditions":"Metabolism and Nutrition Disorder, Obesity","enrollment":49},{"nctId":"NCT02882737","phase":"NA","title":"The Impact of Subcutaneous Glucagon Before, During and After Exercise a Study in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Hvidovre University Hospital","startDate":"2016-09","conditions":"Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus","enrollment":14},{"nctId":"NCT02830048","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Low dosE GlibENclamide in Diabetes Part A","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Oxford","startDate":"2016-07","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","enrollment":16},{"nctId":"NCT02909933","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Low Dose Liraglutide and Metformin vs. High Dose Liraglutide Alone in Treatment of Obesity","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University Medical Centre Ljubljana","startDate":"2015-07","conditions":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Obesity","enrollment":30},{"nctId":"NCT01483651","phase":"NA","title":"Physiologic Response to Glucagon at Varying Insulin Levels","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Legacy Health System","startDate":"2011-11","conditions":"Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus","enrollment":11},{"nctId":"NCT01607450","phase":"PHASE2, PHASE3","title":"Modulation of Human Myocardial Metabolism by GLP-1 Dose Response","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Indiana University","startDate":"2010-05","conditions":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Healthy","enrollment":33},{"nctId":"NCT01155206","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Acute Regulation of Intestinal and Hepatic Lipoprotein Production by Glucagon","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University Health Network, Toronto","startDate":"2009-06","conditions":"Diabetes","enrollment":9},{"nctId":"NCT02315001","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Liraglutide to Improve corONary Haemodynamics During Exercise streSS","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"King's College London","startDate":"2014-01","conditions":"Ischaemic Heart Disease, Coronary Heart Disease, Chronic Stable Angina","enrollment":26},{"nctId":"NCT02232971","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Treatment of Low Blood Sugar With Glucagon Among Patients With Type 1 Diabetes","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Hvidovre University Hospital","startDate":"2014-09","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","enrollment":8},{"nctId":"NCT01593605","phase":"NA","title":"Resveratrol-Leucine Metabolite Synergy in Pre-diabetes","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Vanderbilt University","startDate":"2012-02","conditions":"Impaired Glucose Tolerance","enrollment":36},{"nctId":"NCT01218633","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Dose-response Study of Exendin-9,39 on Glucose Metabolism","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Adrian Vella","startDate":"2011-05","conditions":"Pancreatic Effects of 9,39-Exendin and 9,36-GLP-1","enrollment":11},{"nctId":"NCT00633763","phase":"","title":"PET-CT Scan Method to Monitor Pancreatic B-Cell Loss in Diabetes Mellitus","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of California, Irvine","startDate":"2008-02","conditions":"Type1 Diabetes Mellitus","enrollment":30},{"nctId":"NCT00304538","phase":"PHASE1","title":"A Study of the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamic Activity of Very Low Dose-Glucagon in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"DiObex","startDate":"2006-03","conditions":"Type 1 Diabetes","enrollment":10}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":29,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Low-Dose Glucagon","genericName":"Low-Dose Glucagon","companyName":"Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen","companyId":"steno-diabetes-center-copenhagen","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Low-Dose Glucagon has been studied in clinical trials for conditions such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Hypoglycemia, and Type 1 Diabetes. The mechanism of Low-Dose Glucagon is related to glucagon-like peptide-1 agonism, as seen in studies involving GLP-1 agonists like Semaglutide.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}