{"id":"levobupivacaine-without-epinephrine","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Injection site reactions (pain, erythema)"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Transient neurological symptoms"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Hypotension"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Bradycardia"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Systemic toxicity (CNS and cardiac effects at high doses)"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Levobupivacaine is the S-enantiomer of bupivacaine, a long-acting amide local anesthetic. It reversibly binds to and blocks voltage-gated sodium channels on the inner surface of nerve cell membranes, preventing depolarization and transmission of nerve impulses. The absence of epinephrine means this formulation lacks vasoconstrictive properties and relies solely on the anesthetic's intrinsic duration of action.","oneSentence":"Levobupivacaine is a local anesthetic that blocks sodium channels in nerve cell membranes, preventing the initiation and propagation of action potentials.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:51:56.773Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Local and regional anesthesia for surgical procedures"},{"name":"Infiltration anesthesia"},{"name":"Nerve blocks"},{"name":"Epidural anesthesia"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT07410000","phase":"NA","title":"Ultrasound-Guided Quadro-Iliac Plane Block for Pain Management After Total Hip Arthroplasty","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Bursa City Hospital","startDate":"2026-03-16","conditions":"Pain Management, Total Hip Arthroplasty","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT07084753","phase":"NA","title":"Non-opioid Anesthesia Based on Thoracic Paravertebral Block During Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"IVO JURISIC","startDate":"2025-07-30","conditions":"Obese Patients, Bariatric Surgical Pain, Bariatric Surgery (Sleeve Gastrectomy )","enrollment":36},{"nctId":"NCT04799184","phase":"PHASE4","title":"PK/PD Levobupivacaine with and Without Epinephrine After Ultrasound Guided ESP Block","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","startDate":"2019-04-03","conditions":"Anesthetics Complications, Anesthetic Toxicity, Bupivacaine Overdose","enrollment":38},{"nctId":"NCT03549221","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Efficacy of Adrenaline in Periarticular Analgesic Injection on Postoperative Pain Control After Total Knee Arthroplasty","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Mahidol University","startDate":"2018-01-26","conditions":"Postoperative Pain","enrollment":82},{"nctId":"NCT01596998","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Plasma Concentrations of Levobupivacaine With and Without Epinephrine in Transversus Abdominis Plane Blocks","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","startDate":"2011-12","conditions":"Transversus Abdominis Plane Block","enrollment":11},{"nctId":"NCT01312415","phase":"PHASE4","title":"The Analgesic Efficacy of Local Anaesthetic Wound Infiltration Versus Intrathecal Morphine for Total Knee Replacement","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Cork University Hospital","startDate":"2010-08","conditions":"Total Knee Replacement","enrollment":42}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":11,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Levobupivacaine without epinephrine","genericName":"Levobupivacaine without epinephrine","companyName":"Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","companyId":"pontificia-universidad-catolica-de-chile","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Levobupivacaine is a local anesthetic that blocks sodium channels in nerve cell membranes, preventing the initiation and propagation of action potentials. Used for Local and regional anesthesia for surgical procedures, Infiltration anesthesia, Nerve blocks.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}