{"id":"levobupivacaine","rwe":[{"pmid":"41869224","year":"2026","title":"A Prospective, Randomized Comparative Study of Intravenous and Perineural Dexamethasone as an Adjuvant to Levobupivacaine in Ultrasound-Guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block for Adult Patients Undergoing Elective Upper Limb Surgery.","finding":"","journal":"Cureus","studyType":"Clinical Study"},{"pmid":"41853407","year":"2026","title":"Peripheral Nerve Blockade for Trimalleolar Ankle Fracture Surgery in a Third-Trimester Pregnancy: A Case Report.","finding":"","journal":"Cureus","studyType":"Clinical Study"},{"pmid":"41846189","year":"2026","title":"Retraction notice to \"Local infiltration of the surgical wounds with levobupivacaine, dexibuprofen, and norepinephrine to reduce postoperative pain: A randomized, vehicle-controlled, and preclinical study\" [Biomed. Pharmacother. 92 (2017) 459-467].","finding":"","journal":"Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie","studyType":"Clinical Study"},{"pmid":"41830689","year":"2026","title":"Duration of analgesia and factors associated with block failure in ultrasound-guided ankle and popliteal/saphenous nerve blocks in elective foot and ankle surgery: A prospective observational study.","finding":"","journal":"Foot (Edinburgh, Scotland)","studyType":"Clinical Study"},{"pmid":"41778030","year":"2026","title":"Case Report: Local anesthetic systemic toxicity during regional anesthesia in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.","finding":"","journal":"Frontiers in medicine","studyType":"Clinical Study"}],"tags":[{"label":"levobupivacaine","category":"class"},{"label":"Small Molecule","category":"modality"},{"label":"Cytochrome P450 2D6","category":"target"},{"label":"CYP2D6","category":"gene"},{"label":"SCN1A","category":"gene"},{"label":"KCNH2","category":"gene"},{"label":"N01BB10","category":"atc"},{"label":"Off-Patent","category":"patent"},{"label":"Active","category":"status"},{"label":"Anesthesia for cesarean section","category":"indication"},{"label":"Local anesthesia","category":"indication"},{"label":"Major Nerve Block for Surgery","category":"indication"},{"label":"Regional Anesthesia for Labor Pain","category":"indication"},{"label":"Regional Anesthesia for Postoperative Pain","category":"indication"},{"label":"Regional Anesthesia for Surgery","category":"indication"},{"label":"Purdue Pharma Lp","category":"company"},{"label":"Approved 1990s","category":"decade"},{"label":"Anesthetics","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Anesthetics, Local","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Central Nervous System Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Central Nervous System Depressants","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Peripheral Nervous System Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Sensory System Agents","category":"pharmacology"}],"phase":"marketed","safety":{"safetySignals":[{"llr":104.584,"date":"","count":40,"signal":"Anaphylactic reaction","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 40 times (LLR=105)"},{"llr":69.825,"date":"","count":10,"signal":"Confusion postoperative","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 10 times (LLR=70)"},{"llr":67.865,"date":"","count":10,"signal":"Mental status changes postoperative","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 10 times (LLR=68)"},{"llr":58.609,"date":"","count":17,"signal":"Acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 17 times (LLR=59)"},{"llr":47.033,"date":"","count":9,"signal":"Maternal exposure during delivery","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 9 times (LLR=47)"},{"llr":42.374,"date":"","count":10,"signal":"Metabolic alkalosis","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 10 times (LLR=42)"}],"commonSideEffects":[],"contraindications":["Deficiency of cholinesterase","Disease of liver","Disorder of cardiovascular system","Kidney disease","Myasthenia gravis"]},"trials":[],"aliases":[],"company":"Purdue Pharma Lp","patents":[],"pricing":[],"_sources":{"trials":{"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=LEVOBUPIVACAINE","method":"api_direct","source":"ClinicalTrials.gov","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"ctgov","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T03:38:22.008281+00:00"},"aiSummary":{"url":"","method":"ai_extraction","source":"AI Strategic Summary","aiModel":"featherless","rawText":"","confidence":0.9,"sourceType":"ai_extraction","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T03:38:36.118862+00:00"},"regulatory.ca":{"url":"","method":"api_direct","source":"Health Canada DPD","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"health_canada_dpd","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T03:38:27.390433+00:00"},"publicationCount":{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=LEVOBUPIVACAINE","method":"api_direct","source":"PubMed/NCBI","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"pubmed","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T03:38:27.686132+00:00"},"crossReferences.chemblId":{"url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/compound_report_card/CHEMBL1201193/","method":"api_direct","source":"ChEMBL (EMBL-EBI)","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"chembl","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T03:38:28.390802+00:00"}},"allNames":"chirocain","offLabel":[],"synonyms":["levobupivacaine","chirocain","levobupivacaine hydrochloride","levobupivacaine HCl"],"timeline":[{"date":"1999-01-01","type":"neutral","source":"FDA Orange Book","milestone":"Rights transferred from PURDUE PHARMA LP to Purdue Pharma Lp"},{"date":"1999-08-05","type":"positive","source":"DrugCentral","milestone":"FDA approval (Purdue Pharma Lp)"}],"aiSummary":"Levobupivacaine (Chirocain), marketed by Purdue Pharma LP, is a local anesthetic primarily indicated for cesarean section anesthesia, competing in a well-established market with several same-class drugs. Its key strength lies in its mechanism of action, which effectively blocks sodium channels in nerve cells to prevent pain signals, offering a targeted solution for surgical anesthesia. The primary risk is the key composition patent expiry in 2028, which could lead to increased competition from generics.","brandName":"Chirocain","ecosystem":[{"indication":"Anesthesia for cesarean section","otherDrugs":[{"name":"bupivacaine","slug":"bupivacaine","company":"Hospira"},{"name":"ropivacaine","slug":"ropivacaine","company":"Fresenius Kabi Usa"}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Local anesthesia","otherDrugs":[{"name":"amobarbital","slug":"amobarbital","company":""},{"name":"benzalkonium","slug":"benzalkonium","company":""},{"name":"benzocaine","slug":"benzocaine","company":""},{"name":"bupivacaine","slug":"bupivacaine","company":"Hospira"}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Major Nerve Block for Surgery","otherDrugs":[{"name":"bupivacaine","slug":"bupivacaine","company":"Hospira"},{"name":"ropivacaine","slug":"ropivacaine","company":"Fresenius Kabi Usa"}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Regional Anesthesia for Labor Pain","otherDrugs":[{"name":"bupivacaine","slug":"bupivacaine","company":"Hospira"},{"name":"morphine","slug":"morphine","company":""},{"name":"ropivacaine","slug":"ropivacaine","company":"Fresenius Kabi Usa"}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Regional Anesthesia for Postoperative Pain","otherDrugs":[{"name":"bupivacaine","slug":"bupivacaine","company":"Hospira"},{"name":"fentanyl","slug":"fentanyl","company":"Akorn"},{"name":"ropivacaine","slug":"ropivacaine","company":"Fresenius Kabi Usa"}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Regional Anesthesia for Surgery","otherDrugs":[{"name":"bupivacaine","slug":"bupivacaine","company":"Hospira"},{"name":"fentanyl","slug":"fentanyl","company":"Akorn"},{"name":"morphine","slug":"morphine","company":""},{"name":"ropivacaine","slug":"ropivacaine","company":"Fresenius Kabi Usa"}],"globalPrevalence":null}],"mechanism":{"target":"Cytochrome P450 2D6","novelty":"Follow-on","targets":[{"gene":"CYP2D6","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Cytochrome P450 2D6","protein":"Cytochrome P450 2D6"},{"gene":"SCN1A","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha","protein":"Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha"},{"gene":"KCNH2","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2","protein":"Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2"},{"gene":"KCND3","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3","protein":"Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3"},{"gene":"HTR3A","source":"DrugCentral","target":"5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A","protein":"5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A"},{"gene":"KCNA5","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 5","protein":"Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 5"},{"gene":"PTGER1","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype","protein":"Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype"},{"gene":"SCN4A","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha","protein":"Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha"}],"modality":"Small Molecule","drugClass":"levobupivacaine","explanation":"","oneSentence":"","technicalDetail":"Chirocain, a stereoisomer of bupivacaine, acts as a sodium channel blocker, inhibiting the influx of sodium ions into nerve cells, which is essential for the initiation and transmission of nerve impulses."},"commercial":{"launchDate":"1999","_launchSource":"DrugCentral (FDA 1999-08-05, PURDUE PHARMA LP)"},"references":[{"id":1,"url":"https://drugcentral.org/drugcard/4","fields":["approvals","synonyms","ATC","PK","indications","contraindications","DDIs","targets","patents","FAERS"],"source":"DrugCentral"},{"id":2,"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=LEVOBUPIVACAINE","fields":["trials"],"source":"ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"id":3,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=LEVOBUPIVACAINE","fields":["publications"],"source":"PubMed/NCBI"},{"id":4,"url":"https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-approvals-and-databases/orange-book-data-files","fields":["patents","exclusivity","genericManufacturers"],"source":"FDA Orange Book"}],"_enrichedAt":"2026-03-30T02:41:29.981453","_validation":{"fieldsValidated":1,"lastValidatedAt":"2026-04-20T03:38:36.119002+00:00","fieldsConflicting":2,"overallConfidence":0.8},"biosimilars":[],"competitors":[{"drugName":"bupivacaine","drugSlug":"bupivacaine","fdaApproval":"1972-10-03","patentExpiry":"Mar 17, 2042","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"lidocaine","drugSlug":"lidocaine","fdaApproval":"1948-11-19","patentExpiry":"May 10, 2031","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"mepivacaine","drugSlug":"mepivacaine","fdaApproval":"1960-01-06","genericCount":9,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"prilocaine","drugSlug":"prilocaine","fdaApproval":"1965-11-18","genericCount":1,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"cinchocaine","drugSlug":"cinchocaine","fdaApproval":"","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"etidocaine","drugSlug":"etidocaine","fdaApproval":"1976-08-30","patentStatus":"Unknown","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"articaine","drugSlug":"articaine","fdaApproval":"2000-04-03","patentExpiry":"Mar 27, 2039","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"ropivacaine","drugSlug":"ropivacaine","fdaApproval":"1996-09-24","patentExpiry":"Nov 28, 2026","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"meloxicam","drugSlug":"meloxicam","fdaApproval":"2000-04-13","patentExpiry":"May 26, 2030","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"}],"genericName":"levobupivacaine","indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Anesthesia for cesarean section","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":4847005,"regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Local anesthesia","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":386761002,"regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Major Nerve Block for Surgery","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":"","regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Regional Anesthesia for Labor Pain","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":"","regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Regional Anesthesia for Postoperative Pain","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":"","regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Regional Anesthesia for Surgery","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":"","regulator":"FDA"}],"offLabel":[],"pipeline":[]},"currentOwner":"Purdue Pharma Lp","drugCategory":"active","labelChanges":[],"patentStatus":"Off-patent — no active Orange Book patents","relatedDrugs":[{"drugId":"bupivacaine","brandName":"bupivacaine","genericName":"bupivacaine","approvalYear":"1972","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"lidocaine","brandName":"lidocaine","genericName":"lidocaine","approvalYear":"1948","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"mepivacaine","brandName":"mepivacaine","genericName":"mepivacaine","approvalYear":"1960","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"prilocaine","brandName":"prilocaine","genericName":"prilocaine","approvalYear":"1965","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"cinchocaine","brandName":"cinchocaine","genericName":"cinchocaine","approvalYear":"","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"etidocaine","brandName":"etidocaine","genericName":"etidocaine","approvalYear":"1976","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"articaine","brandName":"articaine","genericName":"articaine","approvalYear":"2000","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"ropivacaine","brandName":"ropivacaine","genericName":"ropivacaine","approvalYear":"1996","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"meloxicam","brandName":"meloxicam","genericName":"meloxicam","approvalYear":"2000","relationship":"same-class"}],"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT07410000","phase":"NA","title":"Ultrasound-Guided Quadro-Iliac Plane Block for Pain Management After Total Hip Arthroplasty","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Bursa City Hospital","startDate":"2026-03-16","conditions":["Pain Management","Total Hip Arthroplasty"],"enrollment":100,"completionDate":"2027-03-15"},{"nctId":"NCT06946290","phase":"NA","title":"Intertransverse Process Block to Improve Quality of Recovery and Pain Management in Adult Cardiac Surgical Patients","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","startDate":"2026-01-02","conditions":["Chronic Postsurgical Pain"],"enrollment":96,"completionDate":"2028-01-02"},{"nctId":"NCT07458204","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Peritumoral and Periganglionic Infiltration of Levobupivacaine Prior to Conservative Surgery for Triple-negative Breast Cancer","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Institut Jean-Godinot","startDate":"2026-10-01","conditions":["Triple-negative Breast Cancer"],"enrollment":760,"completionDate":"2032-10-01"},{"nctId":"NCT07441161","phase":"","title":"Efficacy of Erector Spinae Plane Block in Major Video-assisted Thoracic Surgery Compared to Intrathecal Morphine and Intercostal Nerve Block.","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Hospital Donostia","startDate":"2023-01-09","conditions":["Video Assisted Thoracic Surgery (VATS)","Erector Spinae Plane Block","Regional Anaesthesia","ERAS Programmes"],"enrollment":113,"completionDate":"2024-02-28"},{"nctId":"NCT06176248","phase":"NA","title":"Evaluation of the Efficacy of Suprascapular Nerve Block in Adhesive Capsulitis","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"CHU de Reims","startDate":"2024-10-11","conditions":["Adhesive Capsulitis"],"enrollment":62,"completionDate":"2027-03"},{"nctId":"NCT07268911","phase":"NA","title":"Femoral Rami Obturator Nerve Trunk (FRONT) Block in Intramedullary Nail Surgery .","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"South Valley University","startDate":"2025-11-01","conditions":["Anterior Hip Analgesia"],"enrollment":60,"completionDate":"2026-06"},{"nctId":"NCT05654363","phase":"","title":"Observational Retrospective Study on Spinal Analgesia in Laparoscopic and Laparotomic Hysterectomy","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS","startDate":"2023-03-13","conditions":["Pain, Postoperative","Hysterectomy","Morphine","Anesthesia, Spinal"],"enrollment":670,"completionDate":"2023-06-01"},{"nctId":"NCT02851394","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Advantage of Tramadol in Local Analgesia Post-Sternotomy","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon","startDate":"2015-10","conditions":["Heart Surgery Via Sternotomy","Post-operative Analgesia"],"enrollment":160,"completionDate":"2016-10"},{"nctId":"NCT07080892","phase":"NA","title":"The Effect of Distal Versus Proximal iPACK on Pain After Total Knee Arthroplasty","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Comenius University","startDate":"2025-02-12","conditions":["Postoperative Pain Following Knee Arthroplasty"],"enrollment":120,"completionDate":"2027-05-30"},{"nctId":"NCT04275661","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Ketamine Versus Magnesium Sulphate as Adjuvants for ESPB in Breast Cancer Surgery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Assiut University","startDate":"2020-08-01","conditions":["Analgesia","Breast Cancer"],"enrollment":60,"completionDate":"2022-04-30"},{"nctId":"NCT07375264","phase":"","title":"Cardiac Sympathetic Denervation in Patients With Refractory Arrhythmic Storm: a Single-center Case Series","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Jose Manuel López González","startDate":"2023-04-11","conditions":["Ventricular Arrhythmias","Electrical Storm","Stellate Ganglion Block"],"enrollment":18,"completionDate":"2025-12-15"},{"nctId":"NCT07310628","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Comparison of Analgesic Efficacy of Intrathecal Levobupivacaine With and Without Oral Tizanidine in Lower Limb Surgeries: A Prospective Randomized Study","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences","startDate":"2022-08-20","conditions":["Tizanididne","Levobupicaine","Lower Limb Surgery","Pain, Chronic"],"enrollment":64,"completionDate":"2025-08-20"},{"nctId":"NCT06002217","phase":"NA","title":"Echo-guided Transverse Abdominal Plane Block (TAP) in Anterior Lumbar Arthrodesis (ALIF)","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Clinique Saint Jean, France","startDate":"2024-02-05","conditions":["Fusion of Spine, Lumbar Region"],"enrollment":80,"completionDate":"2026-10"},{"nctId":"NCT07307508","phase":"NA","title":"Efficacy of Scalp Block in Managing Post Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Headache in Critically Ill Patients. A Single Centre Randomized Controlled Trial","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Hamad Medical Corporation","startDate":"2025-10-22","conditions":["Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (aSAH)","Headache Disorders"],"enrollment":22,"completionDate":"2026-12-30"},{"nctId":"NCT07285759","phase":"NA","title":"Investigation of Antibacterial Effect of Levobupivacaine on Staphylococcus Aureus","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Dokuz Eylul University","startDate":"2010-11","conditions":["Staphylococcus Aureus Bacterial Contamination"],"enrollment":40,"completionDate":"2011-02"},{"nctId":"NCT04904575","phase":"NA","title":"Erector Spinae Plane Block in Lumbar Spinal Fusion","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Clinique Saint Jean, France","startDate":"2022-01-03","conditions":["Lumbar Spinal Fusion"],"enrollment":130,"completionDate":"2026-12-31"},{"nctId":"NCT05976464","phase":"EARLY_PHASE1","title":"Efficacy of Magnesium Sulfate as an Adjuvant in Erector Spinae Plane Block as an Anesthetic Post Operative After Modified Radical Mastectomy","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Assiut University","startDate":"2023-07-15","conditions":["ESPB, Mg Sulfate,Post Mastectomy"],"enrollment":60,"completionDate":"2025-08-25"},{"nctId":"NCT01935596","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Comparative Study of the Effects of Two Local Anesthetics Administered Intrathecally: 0.5% Levobupivacaine and Ropivacaine 0.5%","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Amiens","startDate":"2013-05","conditions":["Patients Undergoing Lower Limb Surgery"],"enrollment":50,"completionDate":"2014-04"},{"nctId":"NCT05840406","phase":"NA","title":"Effect of a Transversus Abdominis Plane Block on Wound Healing, Stress, and Immune Response After a Cesarean Delivery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University Hospital Sestre Milosrdnice","startDate":"2024-09-03","conditions":["Postoperative Pain","Cesarean Section","Wound Heal"],"enrollment":105,"completionDate":"2025-03-20"},{"nctId":"NCT05286775","phase":"NA","title":"Knee Osteoarthritis Disabling Pain Program for the Brazilian Unified Health System","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Marta Imamura","startDate":"2022-03-15","conditions":["Osteoarthritis, Knee"],"enrollment":71,"completionDate":"2025-05-30"},{"nctId":"NCT06545812","phase":"NA","title":"Immune Response During the Conservative and Minimal Invasive Treatment of Pain Caused by Lumbar Disc Herniation","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek","startDate":"2024-09-02","conditions":["Intervertebral Disc Herniation","Back Pain","Analgesic Nephropathy","Inflammatory Response"],"enrollment":128,"completionDate":"2026-03-02"},{"nctId":"NCT07130006","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Preoperative Use of Peripheral Nerve Blocks in Elderly Patients With Hip Fractures","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"University Hospital of Split","startDate":"2025-08-30","conditions":["Fractures, Hip","Femoral Neck Fractures","Intertrochanteric Fractures","Subtrochanteric Fractures","Aged","Frail Older Adults","Elderly"],"enrollment":256,"completionDate":"2026-03-31"},{"nctId":"NCT07123805","phase":"NA","title":"ACU_Knee: Role of Acupuncture in Knee Prosthetic Surgery","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia","startDate":"2024-04-10","conditions":["Acupuncture Analgesia","Acupuncture","Acupuncture Therapy","Total Knee Anthroplasty","Postoperative Pain Management","Pain Threshold","Shoulder Pain","Laparoscopies","Acupuncture Ear"],"enrollment":80,"completionDate":"2026-12-31"},{"nctId":"NCT07102173","phase":"NA","title":"Comparison of Loco-regional Analgesic Techniques in Patients Undergoing Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS)","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"ASST Sette Laghi","startDate":"2025-08-01","conditions":["Loco-regional Anesthesia"],"enrollment":72,"completionDate":"2026-04"},{"nctId":"NCT07084753","phase":"NA","title":"Non-opioid Anesthesia Based on Thoracic Paravertebral Block During Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"IVO JURISIC","startDate":"2025-07-30","conditions":["Obese Patients","Bariatric Surgical Pain","Bariatric Surgery (Sleeve Gastrectomy )","Non-Opioid Pain Management","PONV","Postoperative Analgesia","Postoperative Pain","Thoracic Paravertebral Block","Opioid Free Anesthesia"],"enrollment":36,"completionDate":"2025-10"},{"nctId":"NCT07051499","phase":"","title":"Effectiveness of TAP Block Versus Intravenous Analgesia in Postoperative Pain Management Following Gynecologic Laparoscopic Surgery","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"University of Foggia","startDate":"2025-01-21","conditions":["Postoperative Pain"],"enrollment":30,"completionDate":"2026-01-21"},{"nctId":"NCT07046052","phase":"NA","title":"PENG Block: Continuous Infusion vs. Programmed Intermittent Bolus in Neck of Femur Fracture","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"University College Cork","startDate":"2024-03-28","conditions":["Hip Fracture","Analgesia Post Fracture"],"enrollment":150,"completionDate":"2026-01-07"},{"nctId":"NCT05598255","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Comparison of Caudal Blockade and Dorsal Penile Nerve Block With and Without the Intravenous Administration of Dexamethasone for Analgesia After Paediatric Male Circumcision","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Algemeen Ziekenhuis Maria Middelares","startDate":"2022-07-01","conditions":["Analgesic Effect"],"enrollment":54,"completionDate":"2025-01-01"},{"nctId":"NCT06996691","phase":"NA","title":"Erector Spinae Plane Block Versus Serratus Anterior Plane Block in VATS","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Ain Shams University","startDate":"2025-05-01","conditions":["Video Assisted Thoracic Surgery (VATS)"],"enrollment":40,"completionDate":"2025-08-15"},{"nctId":"NCT06970548","phase":"NA","title":"Dexamethasone As Adjuvant for Pre - emptiveTransversusAbdominus Muscle Plane Block","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Sohag University","startDate":"2022-06-01","conditions":["Post Operative Pain"],"enrollment":40,"completionDate":"2023-06-01"},{"nctId":"NCT06970574","phase":"NA","title":"Comparative Study Between Intrathecal (Dexmedetomidine Versus Fentanyl)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Sohag University","startDate":"2022-07-10","conditions":["Cholecystitis"],"enrollment":60,"completionDate":"2023-07-10"},{"nctId":"NCT06053476","phase":"NA","title":"Optimal Postoperative Chest Tube and Pain Management in Patients Surgically Treated for Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax (Pneumotrial)","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Maxima Medical Center","startDate":"2023-11-08","conditions":["Pneumothorax, Primary Spontaneous","VATS","Pain, Postoperative","Locoregional Anaesthesia","Thoracic Epidural","Chest Tube Drainage"],"enrollment":366,"completionDate":"2028-11-01"},{"nctId":"NCT05728151","phase":"NA","title":"Comparing General Anesthesia With Single Injection Peribulbar Block With 3 Different Drugs","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Egypt","startDate":"2022-02-22","conditions":["Pediatric Squint Surgeries"],"enrollment":55,"completionDate":"2024-04-18"},{"nctId":"NCT04969133","phase":"NA","title":"TAP Block Versus Local Anesthesia Wound Infiltration for Postoperative Pain Relief After Appendicectomy in Children","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besancon","startDate":"2021-07-30","conditions":["Appendicitis Acute","Pediatrics","Analgesia"],"enrollment":110,"completionDate":"2024-01-31"},{"nctId":"NCT06935708","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Intrathecal Morphine Versus Epidural Analgesia for Open Colon Surgery","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Meri Mirceta","startDate":"2025-04-08","conditions":["Colorectal Carcinoma","Analgesia, Postoperative","Laparotomy"],"enrollment":98,"completionDate":"2026-11"},{"nctId":"NCT06926764","phase":"NA","title":"Intertransverse Process Block to Improve Quality of Recovery After Cardiac Surgery With Sternotomy","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","startDate":"2025-11","conditions":["Acute Postoperative Pain"],"enrollment":100,"completionDate":"2027-11"},{"nctId":"NCT04941664","phase":"NA","title":"Minimum Effective Local Anesthetic Volume for Ultrasound Guided Superior Trunk Block","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","startDate":"2023-01-19","conditions":["Musculoskeletal Diseases or Conditions"],"enrollment":25,"completionDate":"2026-08-31"},{"nctId":"NCT05649644","phase":"NA","title":"Sensorimotor Block Dynamics and Hemidiaphragmatic Palsy: Selective Trunk Block vs Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","startDate":"2023-05-18","conditions":["Musculoskeletal Diseases or Conditions"],"enrollment":50,"completionDate":"2026-07-31"},{"nctId":"NCT04397484","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Prospective RCT Lidocaine & Levobupivacaine on Block Dynamics After Subparaneural Popliteal Sciatic Nerve Block","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","startDate":"2023-09-20","conditions":["Musculoskeletal Diseases or Conditions"],"enrollment":40,"completionDate":"2026-09-30"},{"nctId":"NCT04933266","phase":"NA","title":"Subpectoral Plexus Block With Multi-level TPVB for Surgical Anesthesia During Primary Breast Cancer Surgery","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","startDate":"2024-03-15","conditions":["Breast Cancer"],"enrollment":100,"completionDate":"2026-03-31"},{"nctId":"NCT05816538","phase":"NA","title":"The Immune Response of Breast Cancer Patients Treated With Levobupivacaine Using Paravertebral or Superficial Chest Blocks","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"University of Rijeka","startDate":"2024-01-18","conditions":["Paravertebral Block","Pectoralis and Serratus Plane Nerve Blocks","Breast Cancer","Immunologic Suppression","Levobupivacaine"],"enrollment":100,"completionDate":"2025-12"},{"nctId":"NCT06881563","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Intrathecal Morphine Versus Epidural Analgesia for Laparoscopic Colon Surgery","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Meri Mirceta","startDate":"2025-03","conditions":["Postoperative Pain","Analgesia","Colorectal Cancer","Surgery"],"enrollment":98,"completionDate":"2026-08"},{"nctId":"NCT06446960","phase":"PHASE3","title":"The Role of Peripheral Afferents in Modulating Post-stroke Central Pain","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, France","startDate":"2024-02-12","conditions":["Stroke"],"enrollment":36,"completionDate":"2027-02-12"},{"nctId":"NCT04799184","phase":"PHASE4","title":"PK/PD Levobupivacaine with and Without Epinephrine After Ultrasound Guided ESP Block","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","startDate":"2019-04-03","conditions":["Anesthetics Complications","Anesthetic Toxicity","Bupivacaine Overdose","Nerve Block","Surgery"],"enrollment":38,"completionDate":"2022-03-09"},{"nctId":"NCT06595329","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Comparison Between Epidural Analgesia and Intrathecal Opioid Analgesia for Pain Management in Open Nephrectomy","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"University Hospital of Split","startDate":"2025-01-15","conditions":["Pain","Renal Cancer","Surgical Procedure, Unspecified"],"enrollment":40,"completionDate":"2025-12-31"},{"nctId":"NCT06864312","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Rebound Pain Following Regional Anaesthesia for Ankle Fracture Surgery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University College Cork","startDate":"2023-10-16","conditions":["Ankle Fracture (bimalleolar Equivalent, Bimalleolar, or Trimalleolar)","Ankle Fracture - Lateral Malleolus","Ankle Fracture - Medial Malleolus","Rebound Pain"],"enrollment":120,"completionDate":"2025-01-31"},{"nctId":"NCT06529393","phase":"NA","title":"The Analgesic Effect of (SHAC) Block Versus Suprascapular Nerve Block in Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgeries","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Assiut University","startDate":"2025-03","conditions":["Shoulder Pain","Postoperative Pain"],"enrollment":50,"completionDate":"2026-02"},{"nctId":"NCT06763510","phase":"","title":"Comparison of the Effects of Two Different Local Anesthetics Used in Spinal Anesthesia","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Ankara Ataturk Sanatorium Training and Research Hospital","startDate":"2015-02-01","conditions":["Local Anaesthesia"],"enrollment":40,"completionDate":"2015-07-30"},{"nctId":"NCT05962463","phase":"","title":"Pulsed Radiofrequency Therapy vs Canal Adductor Blockade in Knee Osteoarthritis","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"University Medical Centre Ljubljana","startDate":"2024-10-09","conditions":["Knee Osteoarthritis"],"enrollment":128,"completionDate":"2025-06"},{"nctId":"NCT03121261","phase":"PHASE4","title":"The Effect of Local Anesthetic and Clonidine on the Cutaneous Silent Period During Spinal Anesthesia","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"University Hospital Dubrava","startDate":"2017-05-01","conditions":["Inguinal Hernia","Spinal Anesthesia"],"enrollment":60,"completionDate":"2027-10"},{"nctId":"NCT02004834","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Levobupivacaine and Lidocaine for Paravertebral Block Causes Greater Hemodynamic Oscillations Than Levobupivacaine","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"University Hospital Dubrava","startDate":"2013-08","conditions":["Breast Tumors","Hypotension","Bradycardia"],"enrollment":80,"completionDate":"2028-10"},{"nctId":"NCT05958589","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Caudal Block for Inguinal Hernioplasty in Children","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Novi Sad","startDate":"2022-01-08","conditions":["Postoperative Pain"],"enrollment":70,"completionDate":"2024-07-20"},{"nctId":"NCT05348330","phase":"NA","title":"Mid-point to Pleura Transverse Process Block Versus Thoracic Intervertebral Foramen Block","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"San Salvatore Hospital of L'Aquila","startDate":"2022-12-04","conditions":["Pain, Acute","Rib Fractures","Polytrauma"],"enrollment":100,"completionDate":"2024-11-28"},{"nctId":"NCT06611176","phase":"NA","title":"Local LevoBupivacaine for Pain Relief After Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Esophageal Lesions","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Laura Boer","startDate":"2024-10-24","conditions":["Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection","Levobupivacaine"],"enrollment":88,"completionDate":"2026-03-30"},{"nctId":"NCT05391451","phase":"NA","title":"New Approach of Loco Regional Analgesia in Kidney Transplant","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"CHU de Reims","startDate":"2021-08-31","conditions":["Chronic Kidney Diseases"],"enrollment":48,"completionDate":"2022-10-23"},{"nctId":"NCT06695468","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Efficacy and Safety of Adding Dexmedetomidine to Levobupivacaine in Rectus Sheath Block Compared to Quadratus Lumborum Block in Patients Undergoing Lower Abdominal Cancer Surgery: a Randomized Clinical Trial","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Assiut University","startDate":"2024-12-01","conditions":["Abdominal Cancer Surgery"],"enrollment":122,"completionDate":"2027-01-01"},{"nctId":"NCT06266767","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Programmed Intermittent Epidural Bolus (PIEB) Techniques for Labour Analgesia","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Hamad Medical Corporation","startDate":"2024-02-21","conditions":["Labor Pain","Obstetric Pain","Analgesia"],"enrollment":136,"completionDate":"2024-10-05"},{"nctId":"NCT04438265","phase":"","title":"Quadratus Lumborum Type 2 as Chronic Hip Pain Treatment","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Hospital Medina del Campo","startDate":"2020-09-01","conditions":["Hip Arthropathy","Chronic Hip Pain","Ultrasound Therapy; Complications"],"enrollment":200,"completionDate":"2024-06-01"},{"nctId":"NCT04172220","phase":"NA","title":"Does Type of Anesthesia Influence Inflammation Change After Breast Surgery?","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Centro di Riferimento Oncologico - Aviano","startDate":"2019-10-31","conditions":["Breast Cancer Female"],"enrollment":68,"completionDate":"2022-11-01"},{"nctId":"NCT05370586","phase":"NA","title":"PENG Block vs Fascia Iliaca Block for Emergency Department Analgesia in Hip Fractures","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia","startDate":"2022-07-30","conditions":["Hip Fractures"],"enrollment":64,"completionDate":"2024-08-16"},{"nctId":"NCT05201963","phase":"NA","title":"Erector Spinae Plane Block Versus Serratus Anterior Block on Post Mastectomy Pain Syndrome","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"National Cancer Institute, Egypt","startDate":"2021-11-01","conditions":["Breast Cancer","Post-mastectomy Pain Syndrome","Acute Pain"],"enrollment":120,"completionDate":"2024-05-30"},{"nctId":"NCT06577155","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Spinal Nalbuphine for Analgesia in Total Hip Arthroplasty","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Asklepieion Voulas General Hospital","startDate":"2024-09-01","conditions":["Total Hip Arthroplasty","Analgesia"],"enrollment":60,"completionDate":"2025-06"},{"nctId":"NCT06369870","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Interpectoral-pectoserratus Plane Block for Minimally Invasive Aortic Valve Replacement Via Right Anterior Minithoracotomy","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Algemeen Ziekenhuis Maria Middelares","startDate":"2024-09-01","conditions":["Analgesic Effect"],"enrollment":144,"completionDate":"2027-12"},{"nctId":"NCT05806229","phase":"NA","title":"Ultrasound- Guided Mid Point Transverse Process to Pleura Block","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Tanta University","startDate":"2022-07-30","conditions":["Regional Anesthesia for Postnephrectomy Pain"],"enrollment":70,"completionDate":"2024-03-01"},{"nctId":"NCT06567522","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Comparative Assessment of Effectiveness and Safety of L-ESPB Versus Absence of Locoregional Block in Hip Surgery","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro","startDate":"2024-06-08","conditions":["Hip Fractures","Lumbar Erector Spinae Plane Block"],"enrollment":180,"completionDate":"2025-12-31"},{"nctId":"NCT05107453","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Serratus Anterior Plane Block for Minimal Invasive Cardiac Surgery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Algemeen Ziekenhuis Maria Middelares","startDate":"2021-10-28","conditions":["Minimal Invasive Cardiac Surgery","Mitral Valve Surgery","Aortic Valve Replacement","Minimal Invasive Direct Coronary Artery Bypass"],"enrollment":80,"completionDate":"2023-02-13"},{"nctId":"NCT03809442","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Analgesic Efficacy of Ropivacaine Alone or in Combination With Adjuvants on Post-operative Analgesia Following Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery.","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Aga Khan University","startDate":"2019-06-25","conditions":["Postoperative Analgesia"],"enrollment":116,"completionDate":"2023-08-31"},{"nctId":"NCT04773301","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Comparative Study Between Levobupivacaine and Ropivacaine in the Hip Fractures of the Elderly","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Fundación Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León","startDate":"2021-02-13","conditions":["Hip Fractures"],"enrollment":114,"completionDate":"2021-12-01"},{"nctId":"NCT05491239","phase":"NA","title":"Optimal Postoperative Pain Management After Lung Surgery (OPtriAL)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Maxima Medical Center","startDate":"2021-03-01","conditions":["Lung Cancer","Pain, Postoperative","VATS","Locoregional Anaesthesia","Thoracic Epidural"],"enrollment":450,"completionDate":"2023-11-01"},{"nctId":"NCT05848375","phase":"NA","title":"Rotator Cuff Repair Under Isolated Loco-regional Anesthesia","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Elsan","startDate":"2023-11-13","conditions":["Shoulder Cuff Surgical Repair"],"enrollment":80,"completionDate":"2025-07"},{"nctId":"NCT03258697","phase":"NA","title":"The Pharmacokinetics and Effectiveness of Local LevoBupivacaine Injection on Primary Total Joint Replacement Model.","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","startDate":"2017-10-17","conditions":["Arthropathy"],"enrollment":90,"completionDate":"2019-05-31"},{"nctId":"NCT06410404","phase":"NA","title":"Dexmeditomedine as an Adjuvant to Levobupivacaine in Transversus Thoracis Plane Block on the Management of Post-sternotomy Pain in Open-heart Surgeries","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Assiut University","startDate":"2024-06-15","conditions":["Pain, Postoperative"],"enrollment":60,"completionDate":"2025-07-15"},{"nctId":"NCT01856166","phase":"NA","title":"PIEB-PCEA Versus CEI-PCEA for Labor Analgesia in Nulliparous","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University Hospital, Montpellier","startDate":"2013-06","conditions":["Pregnancy"],"enrollment":304,"completionDate":"2016-06"},{"nctId":"NCT06422585","phase":"","title":"Comparison of Different Analgesic Nerve Blocks in Total Knee Replacement Surgery","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria Pisana","startDate":"2024-02-01","conditions":["Knee Prosthesis","Pain, Procedural"],"enrollment":180,"completionDate":"2025-02"},{"nctId":"NCT05737394","phase":"NA","title":"Lap-guided vs Us-guided TAP Block in Pediatric Laparoscopy","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital","startDate":"2024-06-01","conditions":["Postoperative Pain"],"enrollment":52,"completionDate":"2024-12-31"},{"nctId":"NCT06406959","phase":"NA","title":"The Effect of Preemptive Regional Anesthesia (TAP-block) on Acute and Chronic Pain After Transabdominal Preperitoneal Inguinal Hernia Repair (TAPP)","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University","startDate":"2024-03-01","conditions":["Primary Inguinal Hernia"],"enrollment":78,"completionDate":"2025-03-31"},{"nctId":"NCT04388553","phase":"NA","title":"Single Shot Lumbar Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) Block in Total Hip Replacement (THR)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Tuen Mun Hospital","startDate":"2020-07-01","conditions":["Total Hip Replacement","Analgesia"],"enrollment":71,"completionDate":"2021-11-20"},{"nctId":"NCT06129071","phase":"NA","title":"Analgesic Effect of Ultrasound Guided Maxillary Nerve Block in Trigeminal Neuralgia","status":"WITHDRAWN","sponsor":"Varazdin General Hospital","startDate":"2023-12-01","conditions":["Trigeminal Neuralgia"],"enrollment":0,"completionDate":"2025-03-01"},{"nctId":"NCT06322316","phase":"NA","title":"Analgesic Efficacy of U/S Retrolaminar Block and Erector Spinae Plane Block in MRM","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"National Cancer Institute, Egypt","startDate":"2022-10-01","conditions":["Breast Neoplasms","Analgesia"],"enrollment":60,"completionDate":"2023-04-01"},{"nctId":"NCT05378451","phase":"","title":"Totally Extraperitoneal Repair of Groin Hernia in Liver Transplanted Patients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Hospital Clinic of Barcelona","startDate":"2022-05-08","conditions":["Liver Transplant Disorder","Liver Cirrhosis","Groin Hernia"],"enrollment":10,"completionDate":"2024-01-01"},{"nctId":"NCT04431388","phase":"","title":"Serratus-intercostal Plane Block Versus Quadratus Lumborum Block in Nephrectomy: Randomized Study","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Hospital Medina del Campo","startDate":"2021-06-01","conditions":["Kidney Injury"],"enrollment":126,"completionDate":"2023-12-01"},{"nctId":"NCT06011746","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Adding Ketamine to Levobupivacaine in Paravertebral Block in Thoracotomy","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Tanta University","startDate":"2023-08-30","conditions":["Ketamine","Levobupivacaine","Paravertebral Block","Acute Pain","Chronic Pain"],"enrollment":60,"completionDate":"2024-01-26"},{"nctId":"NCT04735770","phase":"NA","title":"LTAP Block in Endometriosis Surgery - a Randomised Controlled Double-blind Trial","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Oulu University Hospital","startDate":"2021-05-01","conditions":["Endometriosis; Peritoneum","Postoperative Pain"],"enrollment":46,"completionDate":"2023-12-22"},{"nctId":"NCT04492319","phase":"NA","title":"Addition of Neostigmine to Levobupivacaine","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Cairo University","startDate":"2020-09-29","conditions":["Spermatic Cord Block"],"enrollment":112,"completionDate":"2023-12-20"},{"nctId":"NCT06171295","phase":"NA","title":"Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Levobupivacaine During Continuous Caudal Epidural Analgesia in Newborns","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University Hospital, Motol","startDate":"2021-02-04","conditions":["Analgesia"],"enrollment":24,"completionDate":"2022-07-07"},{"nctId":"NCT05809258","phase":"NA","title":"Supraclavicular Versus Axillary Block for Arteriovenous (AV) Fistula Creation","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Sultan Qaboos University","startDate":"2023-08-07","conditions":["Arteriovenous Fistula","Brachial Plexus Block","Clinical Efficacy"],"enrollment":120,"completionDate":"2025-05"},{"nctId":"NCT02869841","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Efficacy of Rectal Sheath Analgesia After Midline Laparotomy","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Kuopio University Hospital","startDate":"2012-01","conditions":["Surgery","Pain Postoperative"],"enrollment":57,"completionDate":"2022-12-31"},{"nctId":"NCT05600296","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Ultrasound-guided Ilioinguinal/Iliohypogastric Nerve Block Compared to the Combined Therapy With Spermatic Cord Block","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Egymedicalpedia","startDate":"2022-11-01","conditions":["Hernia, Inguinal"],"enrollment":46,"completionDate":"2023-05-15"},{"nctId":"NCT05965895","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Ultrasound-Guided Continuous Serratus Anterior Plane Block vs Dexmedetomidine Infusion in Patients With Rib Fractures.","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Beni-Suef University","startDate":"2023-08-01","conditions":["Pain"],"enrollment":150,"completionDate":"2024-08-01"},{"nctId":"NCT06014957","phase":"NA","title":"Comparison of Hemodynamic Effect Between the Spinal Anesthesia and Saddle Block Using Levobupivacaine During Transurethral Resection of the Prostate in Cardiac Elderly Patients","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"New Valley University","startDate":"2023-08-30","conditions":["TURP Syndrome","Spinal Anesthesia"],"enrollment":60,"completionDate":"2023-12"},{"nctId":"NCT05181371","phase":"NA","title":"ESP Block in VATS: Programmed Intermittent Bolus Versus Continuous Infusion on Quality of Recovery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Mater Misericordiae University Hospital","startDate":"2022-06-02","conditions":["Pain, Acute","Surgery"],"enrollment":60,"completionDate":"2023-08-01"},{"nctId":"NCT06042816","phase":"NA","title":"Analgesic Efficacy of Free-opioid Anesthesia for Colorectal Surgery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Vietnam Military Medical University","startDate":"2019-12-30","conditions":["Colorectal Cancer"],"enrollment":49,"completionDate":"2021-12-30"},{"nctId":"NCT05532618","phase":"NA","title":"Efficacy of Adductor Canal Block for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"St. Antonius Hospital","startDate":"2022-08-01","conditions":["Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries"],"enrollment":34,"completionDate":"2023-08-01"},{"nctId":"NCT04751552","phase":"NA","title":"Erector Spinae Block for Thoracoscopic Surgery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"St. Antonius Hospital","startDate":"2020-10-21","conditions":["Postoperative Pain","Thoracic Neoplasms"],"enrollment":60,"completionDate":"2023-09-02"},{"nctId":"NCT02689024","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Delirium in Elderly Patients With Trauma of the Hip","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Academisch Medisch Centrum - Universiteit van Amsterdam (AMC-UvA)","startDate":"2016-05","conditions":["Hip Fractures","Anesthesia"],"enrollment":239,"completionDate":"2023-07-19"},{"nctId":"NCT04596163","phase":"NA","title":"Transversus Thoracis Muscle Plane Block for Sternotomy Pain in Cardiac Surgery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","startDate":"2020-10-15","conditions":["Pain, Postoperative","Surgical Wound","Cardiac Event"],"enrollment":86,"completionDate":"2023-04-22"},{"nctId":"NCT05693454","phase":"NA","title":"Local Wound Anesthesia in Spine Surgery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Balgrist University Hospital","startDate":"2021-11-01","conditions":["Surgical Wound","Orthopedic Disorder of Spine"],"enrollment":150,"completionDate":"2023-03-31"},{"nctId":"NCT05910086","phase":"","title":"Multimodal Approach to the Intrathecal Catheter for Obstetric Accidental Dural Puncture","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint Etienne","startDate":"2022-03-01","conditions":["Spinal Anesthetics Causing Adverse Effects in Therapeutic Use"],"enrollment":39,"completionDate":"2023-02-01"},{"nctId":"NCT04549779","phase":"NA","title":"Different Local Anesthetic Volumes in Brachial Plexus Block","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Tanta University","startDate":"2020-09-19","conditions":["Diaphragmatic Disorder"],"enrollment":91,"completionDate":"2022-08-24"},{"nctId":"NCT02291705","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Ultrasound-guided Rectus Sheath Block In Children","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Cukurova University","startDate":"2012-01","conditions":["Postoperative Pain"],"enrollment":40,"completionDate":"2014-11"}],"genericFilers":[],"latestUpdates":[],"manufacturing":[],"_patentsChecked":true,"crossReferences":{"NUI":"N0000148724","MMSL":"8289","NDDF":"008081","UNII":"A5H73K9U3W","VUID":"4021287","CHEBI":"CHEBI:6149","VANDF":"4021287","INN_ID":"7465","RXNORM":"259453","UMLSCUI":"C0873118","chemblId":"CHEMBL1201193","ChEMBL_ID":"CHEMBL1201193","KEGG_DRUG":"D01287","DRUGBANK_ID":"DB01002","PDB_CHEM_ID":"OJ0","PUBCHEM_CID":"92253","SNOMEDCT_US":"116103003","IUPHAR_LIGAND_ID":"7211","SECONDARY_CAS_RN":"27262-48-2","MESH_DESCRIPTOR_UI":"D000077554"},"formularyStatus":[],"_enricherVersion":"v2","developmentCodes":[],"ownershipHistory":[{"period":"1999-","companyName":"Purdue Pharma Lp","relationship":"Original Developer"}],"pharmacokinetics":{"source":"DrugCentral","halfLife":"0.79 hours","clearance":"8.7 mL/min/kg","fractionUnbound":"0.03%","volumeOfDistribution":"0.49 L/kg"},"publicationCount":1711,"therapeuticAreas":["Pain"],"atcClassification":{"source":"DrugCentral","atcCode":"N01BB10","allCodes":["N01BB10"]},"biosimilarFilings":[],"originalDeveloper":"Purdue Pharma Lp","recentPublications":[{"date":"2026 Feb","pmid":"41869224","title":"A Prospective, Randomized Comparative Study of Intravenous and Perineural Dexamethasone as an Adjuvant to Levobupivacaine in Ultrasound-Guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block for Adult Patients Undergoing Elective Upper Limb Surgery.","journal":"Cureus"},{"date":"2026 Feb","pmid":"41853407","title":"Peripheral Nerve Blockade for Trimalleolar Ankle Fracture Surgery in a Third-Trimester Pregnancy: A Case Report.","journal":"Cureus"},{"date":"2026 Apr","pmid":"41846189","title":"Retraction notice to \"Local infiltration of the surgical wounds with levobupivacaine, dexibuprofen, and norepinephrine to reduce postoperative pain: A randomized, vehicle-controlled, and preclinical study\" [Biomed. Pharmacother. 92 (2017) 459-467].","journal":"Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie"},{"date":"2026 Mar 13","pmid":"41830689","title":"Duration of analgesia and factors associated with block failure in ultrasound-guided ankle and popliteal/saphenous nerve blocks in elective foot and ankle surgery: A prospective observational study.","journal":"Foot (Edinburgh, Scotland)"},{"date":"2026","pmid":"41778030","title":"Case Report: Local anesthetic systemic toxicity during regional anesthesia in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.","journal":"Frontiers in medicine"}],"companionDiagnostics":[],"genericManufacturers":0,"_genericFilersChecked":true,"genericManufacturerList":[],"status":"approved","companyName":"Purdue Pharma Lp","companyId":"purdue-pharma-lp","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"1999","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":1,"regulatoryByCountry":[{"country_code":"CA","regulator":"Health Canada","status":"approved","approval_date":null,"mah":"","brand_name_local":"","application_number":""},{"country_code":"US","regulator":"FDA","status":"approved","approval_date":null,"mah":null,"brand_name_local":null,"application_number":null}],"trialStats":{"total":3,"withResults":0},"validation":{"fieldsValidated":1,"lastValidatedAt":"2026-04-20T03:38:36.119002+00:00","fieldsConflicting":2,"overallConfidence":0.8},"verificationStatus":"partial","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":false,"indications":true,"safety":false,"trials":true,"score":2}}