{"id":"laquinimod","rwe":[],"tags":[{"label":"laquinimod","category":"class"},{"label":"Small Molecule","category":"modality"},{"label":"N07XX10","category":"atc"},{"label":"Active","category":"status"},{"label":"Relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis","category":"indication"},{"label":"Teva","category":"company"}],"phase":"discontinued","safety":{},"trials":[],"aliases":[],"company":"Teva","patents":[],"pricing":[],"allNames":"nerventra","offLabel":[],"synonyms":["nerventra","laquinimod","laquinimod sodium","ABR-215062 sodium","TV-5600"],"timeline":[{"date":"2013-07-05","type":"positive","source":"DrugCentral","milestone":"Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation approval (Teva)"}],"approvals":[{"date":"2013-07-05","orphan":false,"company":"Teva","regulator":"Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation"}],"brandName":"Nerventra","ecosystem":[{"indication":"Relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis","otherDrugs":[{"name":"alemtuzumab","slug":"alemtuzumab","company":"Genzyme"},{"name":"cladribine","slug":"cladribine","company":""},{"name":"daclizumab","slug":"daclizumab","company":"Hoffman-La Roche"},{"name":"dimethyl fumarate","slug":"dimethyl-fumarate","company":"Biogen Idec Inc"}],"globalPrevalence":null}],"mechanism":{"modality":"Small Molecule","drugClass":"laquinimod","explanation":"Think of Nerventra like a referee in a football game. The referee (Nerventra) steps in to prevent the opposing teams (the immune system and the central nervous system) from colliding and causing damage. By reducing inflammation, Nerventra helps to prevent the damage that can lead to multiple sclerosis symptoms.","oneSentence":"Nerventra works by modulating the immune system to reduce inflammation in the central nervous system.","technicalDetail":"Laquinimod is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator that inhibits the migration of immune cells into the central nervous system, thereby reducing inflammation and disease activity in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis."},"commercial":{},"references":[{"id":1,"url":"https://drugcentral.org/drugcard/4825","fields":["approvals","synonyms","ATC","PK","indications","contraindications","DDIs","targets","patents","FAERS"],"source":"DrugCentral"},{"id":2,"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=LAQUINIMOD","fields":["trials"],"source":"ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"id":3,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=LAQUINIMOD","fields":["publications"],"source":"PubMed/NCBI"}],"_enrichedAt":"2026-03-30T12:15:46.277214","biosimilars":[],"competitors":[{"drugName":"riluzole","drugSlug":"riluzole","fdaApproval":"1995-12-12","patentExpiry":"Mar 12, 2029","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"sodium oxybate","drugSlug":"sodium-oxybate","fdaApproval":"2002-07-17","patentExpiry":"Sep 15, 2033","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"amifampridine","drugSlug":"amifampridine","fdaApproval":"2018-11-28","patentExpiry":"May 26, 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Tolerability, and Distribution of Laquinimod Eye Drops : The LION Study","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Quan Dong Nguyen","startDate":"2024-05-03","conditions":["Inflammation","Uveitis"],"enrollment":12,"completionDate":"2025-07"},{"nctId":"NCT05187403","phase":"PHASE1","title":"A Study of Laquinimod Eye-drops in Healthy Participants","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Active Biotech AB","startDate":"2021-12-09","conditions":["Eye Diseases"],"enrollment":54,"completionDate":"2023-01-19"},{"nctId":"NCT01085084","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Study of Laquinimod in Participants With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Active Lupus Arthritis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.","startDate":"2010-10-04","conditions":["Lupus Arthritis"],"enrollment":82,"completionDate":"2012-11-12"},{"nctId":"NCT00605215","phase":"PHASE3","title":"BRAVO Study: Laquinimod Double-blind Placebo-controlled Study in Participants With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) With a Rater Blinded Reference Arm of Interferon β-1a (Avonex®)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.","startDate":"2008-04-24","conditions":["Multiple Sclerosis"],"enrollment":1331,"completionDate":"2011-06-10"},{"nctId":"NCT02284568","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Phase 2 Clinical Study in Subjects With Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis to Assess the Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Two Oral Doses of Laquinimod Either of 0.6 mg/Day or 1.5mg/Day (Experimental Drug) as Compared to Placebo","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.","startDate":"2015-01-12","conditions":["Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis"],"enrollment":374,"completionDate":"2017-10-01"},{"nctId":"NCT01085097","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Study of Laquinimod in Participants With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Active Lupus Nephritis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, 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Sclerosis"],"enrollment":2199,"completionDate":"2017-07-04"},{"nctId":"NCT00509145","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Safety and Efficacy of Orally Administered Laquinimod Versus Placebo for Treatment of Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.","startDate":"2007-11-13","conditions":["Multiple Sclerosis"],"enrollment":1106,"completionDate":"2010-11-08"},{"nctId":"NCT02215616","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Clinical Study in Participants With Huntington's Disease (HD) to Assess Efficacy and Safety of Three Oral Doses of Laquinimod","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.","startDate":"2014-10-28","conditions":["Huntington's Disease"],"enrollment":352,"completionDate":"2018-06-19"},{"nctId":"NCT00745615","phase":"PHASE2","title":"An Extension Study of LAQ/5062 Exploring the Long Term Safety, Tolerability and Clinical Effect Parameters During the Disease","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd.","startDate":"2005-12-07","conditions":["Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis"],"enrollment":257,"completionDate":"2017-07-23"},{"nctId":"NCT00737932","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Laquinimod Phase IIa Study in Active Crohn's Disease","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.","startDate":"2010-05","conditions":["Crohn's Disease"],"enrollment":180,"completionDate":"2011-12"},{"nctId":"NCT01404117","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Multinational, Randomized, Double-blind, Parallel-group, Placebo-controlled Study Assessing the Safety and Tolerability","status":"WITHDRAWN","sponsor":"Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.","startDate":"2012-03","conditions":["Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis"],"enrollment":0,"completionDate":"2014-01"},{"nctId":"NCT00349193","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness, Tolerability and Safety of Laquinimod","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.","startDate":"2005-03","conditions":["Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis"],"enrollment":306,"completionDate":"2006-08"}],"genericFilers":[],"latestUpdates":[],"manufacturing":[],"crossReferences":{"UNII":"908SY76S4G","CHEBI":"CHEBI:134738","INN_ID":"8089","UMLSCUI":"C1260208","ChEMBL_ID":"CHEMBL66092","KEGG_DRUG":"D08938","DRUGBANK_ID":"DB06685","PUBCHEM_CID":"54677946","IUPHAR_LIGAND_ID":"7639","SECONDARY_CAS_RN":"248281-84-7","MESH_SUPPLEMENTAL_RECORD_UI":"C476223"},"formularyStatus":[],"_enricherVersion":"v2","developmentCodes":[],"ownershipHistory":[{"period":"","companyName":"Teva","relationship":"Original Developer"}],"publicationCount":214,"therapeuticAreas":["Immunology"],"atcClassification":{"source":"DrugCentral","atcCode":"N07XX10","allCodes":["N07XX10"]},"biosimilarFilings":[],"originalDeveloper":"Teva","recentPublications":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"status":"discontinued","companyName":"Teva","companyId":"teva","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Nerventra (LAQUINIMOD) is a small molecule laquinimod developed by Teva, currently approved for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Its exact target is unknown, but it is believed to modulate the immune system to reduce inflammation. Nerventra is a patented medication, and its commercial status is not off-patent. Key safety considerations include potential liver enzyme elevations and infections. Further research is needed to fully understand its pharmacokinetic properties.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":1,"regulatoryByCountry":[{"country_code":"OTHER","regulator":"Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","status":"approved","approval_date":"2013-07-05T00:00:00.000Z","mah":"Teva","brand_name_local":null,"application_number":""},{"country_code":"EU","regulator":"EMA","status":"refused","approval_date":null,"mah":null,"brand_name_local":"Nerventra","application_number":"EMEA/H/C/002546"},{"country_code":"GB","regulator":"MHRA","status":"approved","approval_date":null,"mah":null,"brand_name_local":"Nerventra","application_number":null}],"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":false,"trials":true,"score":3}}