{"id":"interferon-1a-30-g","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"approximately 30-40%","effect":"Injection site reactions"},{"rate":"approximately 25-35%","effect":"Flu-like symptoms (fever, chills, myalgia)"},{"rate":"approximately 20-30%","effect":"Headache"},{"rate":"approximately 15-25%","effect":"Fatigue"},{"rate":"approximately 10-15%","effect":"Elevated liver enzymes"},{"rate":"approximately 5-10%","effect":"Lymphopenia"},{"rate":"approximately 5-10%","effect":"Depression"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Interferon β-1a is a recombinant cytokine that binds to type I interferon receptors (IFNAR1/IFNAR2) on the surface of immune cells and other tissues. This activation upregulates antiviral genes, enhances natural killer cell activity, and shifts the immune response from pro-inflammatory Th1/Th17 toward anti-inflammatory Th2 responses. In multiple sclerosis, this mechanism reduces the frequency and severity of relapses by suppressing autoreactive T cell infiltration into the central nervous system.","oneSentence":"Interferon β-1a activates interferon-beta receptors on immune cells to enhance antiviral and immunomodulatory responses, reducing inflammation and immune-mediated demyelination.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T01:16:33.442Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis"},{"name":"Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis with active disease"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT02047734","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Efficacy and Safety Study of Ozanimod in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Celgene","startDate":"2013-12-03","conditions":"Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis","enrollment":1320},{"nctId":"NCT02294058","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Study of Ozanimod (RPC1063) in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis (MS)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Celgene","startDate":"2014-12-03","conditions":"Multiple Sclerosis","enrollment":1346},{"nctId":"NCT00340834","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Efficacy and Safety of Fingolimod in Patients With Relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis With Optional Extension Phase","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Novartis","startDate":"2006-05","conditions":"Multiple Sclerosis","enrollment":1292},{"nctId":"NCT01064401","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Efficacy and Safety of BIIB019 (Daclizumab High Yield Process) Versus Interferon β 1a in Participants With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Biogen","startDate":"2010-05","conditions":"Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis","enrollment":1841}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":0,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"phase_3","status":"active","brandName":"Interferon β-1a 30 µg","genericName":"Interferon β-1a 30 µg","companyName":"Novartis","companyId":"novartis","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Interferon β-1a activates interferon-beta receptors on immune cells to enhance antiviral and immunomodulatory responses, reducing inflammation and immune-mediated demyelination. Used for Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis with active disease.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}