{"id":"inhaled-insulin-exubera","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Cough"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Hypoglycemia"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Throat irritation"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Bronchitis"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Exubera delivers recombinant human insulin via inhalation, allowing systemic absorption through the pulmonary epithelium. This provides a non-injectable route of administration with a rapid onset of action similar to subcutaneous rapid-acting insulin, helping to control postprandial (after-meal) blood glucose levels in diabetic patients.","oneSentence":"Inhaled insulin is a rapid-acting insulin that is absorbed through the lungs to lower blood glucose by promoting glucose uptake and storage in peripheral tissues.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:49:02.248Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Type 1 diabetes mellitus"},{"name":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT00282971","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Clinical Trial Assessing The Impact Of Inhaled Insulin On Glucose Control In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"2006-03-06","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus Type 2","enrollment":354},{"nctId":"NCT00479258","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Safety And Efficacy Of Exubera Compared With Subcutaneous Human Insulin Therapy In Children And Adolescents","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"2007-10","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","enrollment":2},{"nctId":"NCT00418522","phase":"PHASE4","title":"This Study Is To Determine If Inhaled Insulin Is Effective In Treating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"2007-03","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","enrollment":413},{"nctId":"NCT01798914","phase":"","title":"Patient Transitioning From Exubera® Inhalation Powder to Technosphere® Insulin Inhalation Powder","status":"NO_LONGER_AVAILABLE","sponsor":"Mannkind Corporation","startDate":"2008-10","conditions":"Type 1 Diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes","enrollment":""},{"nctId":"NCT00391027","phase":"PHASE4","title":"A Clinical Trial Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Exubera® and Lantus®","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"2006-12","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","enrollment":261},{"nctId":"NCT00139659","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A One Year Clinical Trial Assessing the Usefulness and Safety of Inhaled Insulin in Diabetics With Asthma","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"2003-01","conditions":"Asthma, Diabetes Mellitus","enrollment":288},{"nctId":"NCT00143247","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Long-Term Safety Study of Inhaled Insulin: An Up to Four-Year Extension of Therapy in Subjects With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"2003-03","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus","enrollment":173},{"nctId":"NCT00136916","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Efficacy and Safety of Inhaled Insulin Compared With Subcutaneous Human Insulin Therapy in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"2002-06","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus","enrollment":635},{"nctId":"NCT00137046","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Efficacy and Safety of Inhaled Insulin Compared With Subcutaneous Human Insulin Therapy in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"2002-05","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","enrollment":582},{"nctId":"NCT00359801","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Exubera Large Simple Trial To Evaluate Long-Term Pulmonary And Cardiovascular Safety","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"2006-07","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus","enrollment":1976},{"nctId":"NCT00138671","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A One Year Clinical Trial Assessing the Usefulness and Safety of Inhaled Insulin in Diabetics With COPD","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"2003-01","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","enrollment":105},{"nctId":"NCT00527397","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Long-Term Safety Study Of Inhaled Insulin (CP-464,005, Inhaler) In Japanese Patients With Type1 or Type2 Diabetes","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"2007-08","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","enrollment":24},{"nctId":"NCT00356421","phase":"PHASE4","title":"A Clinical Trial Comparing Efficacy and Safety of Exubera® and Humalog®","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"2006-11","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","enrollment":58},{"nctId":"NCT00437489","phase":"PHASE4","title":"A Clinical Trial Comparing The Efficacy And Safety Of 2 Different Initial Dose Prescriptions For Exubera.","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"2007-06","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","enrollment":49},{"nctId":"NCT00150410","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Demonstrate Exubera Works As Well As Avandia When Added To Sulfonylurea + Metformin In Controlling Glucose","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"2003-01","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus","enrollment":626},{"nctId":"NCT00134147","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Clinical Trial Assessing the Impact of the Availability of Inhaled Insulin on Glucose Control","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"2005-04","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus","enrollment":1100},{"nctId":"NCT00315952","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Study to Estimate the Effects of Inhaled Versus Intravenous (IV) Infusion of Human Insulin in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Pittsburgh","startDate":"2006-04","conditions":"Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus","enrollment":12},{"nctId":"NCT00246623","phase":"PHASE3","title":"US Inhaled Insulin Dose Titration Study","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"2005-11","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","enrollment":120},{"nctId":"NCT00367445","phase":"PHASE4","title":"A Clinical Trial Comparing Short-Term Efficacy and Safety of Exubera and Lantus","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"2006-09","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","enrollment":30},{"nctId":"NCT00424411","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Six Month Clinical Trial Assessing Efficacy And Safety Of Inhaled Insulin In Type 2 Diabetes","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"1999-09","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","enrollment":300},{"nctId":"NCT00370565","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Effect on Glycemic Control of Inhaled Insulin Alone or Added to Dual Oral Therapy After Failure of Dual Oral Therapy.","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"1999-06","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","enrollment":345}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":23,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Inhaled insulin (Exubera)","genericName":"Inhaled insulin (Exubera)","companyName":"Pfizer","companyId":"pfizer","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Inhaled insulin is a rapid-acting insulin that is absorbed through the lungs to lower blood glucose by promoting glucose uptake and storage in peripheral tissues. Used for Type 1 diabetes mellitus, Type 2 diabetes mellitus.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}