{"id":"incretin-effect","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Nausea"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Vomiting"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Diarrhea"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Hypoglycemia"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"When glucose is consumed orally, intestinal L-cells release incretin hormones (glucagon-like peptide-1 [GLP-1] and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide [GIP]), which account for 50-70% of the postprandial insulin secretion. These hormones bind to their respective receptors on pancreatic beta cells, triggering glucose-dependent insulin release. This physiological mechanism is leveraged therapeutically by incretin-based drugs to improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.","oneSentence":"The incretin effect enhances insulin secretion in response to oral glucose intake by stimulating incretin hormones (GLP-1 and GIP) released from the intestine.","_ai_confidence":"low"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:48:39.307Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT06930495","phase":"","title":"The Effect of Adiposity on Muscle and Microvascular Function in HFpEF","status":"ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION","sponsor":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","startDate":"2024-12-10","conditions":"Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFPEF)","enrollment":95},{"nctId":"NCT07462663","phase":"","title":"SHAPE-ENDO: Multimodal Pre-Surgical Optimization in Patients With Obesity and Early-Stage Endometrial 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