{"id":"imipramine-oxide","rwe":[{"pmid":"41072925","year":"2025","title":"Contribution of particle-induced lysosome membrane permeabilization to NLRP3 inflammasome activation and mitochondrial ROS production.","finding":"","journal":"Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology","studyType":"Clinical Study"},{"pmid":"40472919","year":"2025","title":"Mostuea batesii Baker (Gelsemiaceae) root bark hydroethanolic extract unveil neuroprotective, antihypertensive, and antioxidant activities in rat model exposed to lead acetate.","finding":"","journal":"Brain research","studyType":"Clinical Study"},{"pmid":"39907901","year":"2025","title":"Grape Seed Extract Pretreatment Prevents Mitochondrial Dysfunction and NLRP3 Inflammasome-Induced Inflammatory Response in Glial Cells Exposed to Paroxetine and Quinolinic Acid.","finding":"","journal":"Molecular neurobiology","studyType":"Clinical Study"},{"pmid":"39501948","year":"2025","title":"Antidepressant Potential of Hispidulin Present in S. barbata D. Don: Mechanistic Insights through Neurochemical and Behavioral Assessments.","finding":"","journal":"Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry","studyType":"Clinical Study"},{"pmid":"38951153","year":"2024","title":"Dissecting the antidepressant effect of troxerutin: modulation of neuroinflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in lipopolysaccharide-treated mice.","finding":"","journal":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology","studyType":"Clinical Study"}],"tags":[{"label":"imipramine oxide","category":"class"},{"label":"Small Molecule","category":"modality"},{"label":"N06AA03","category":"atc"},{"label":"Active","category":"status"}],"phase":"unknown","safety":{},"trials":[],"aliases":[],"patents":[],"pricing":[],"allNames":"imipraminoxide","offLabel":[],"synonyms":["imipramine n-oxide","imipraminoxide","imipramine oxide"],"timeline":[],"approvals":[],"brandName":"Imipraminoxide","ecosystem":[],"mechanism":{"modality":"Small Molecule","drugClass":"imipramine oxide","explanation":"Imagine your brain is a city with many different streets and buildings. Neurotransmitters are like messengers that travel along these streets, carrying information from one building to another. Imipraminoxide helps to keep these messengers in the streets for longer, allowing them to have a greater impact on the city's functioning.","oneSentence":"Imipraminoxide is thought to work by inhibiting the reuptake of certain neurotransmitters in the brain.","technicalDetail":"Imipraminoxide is believed to act as a potent inhibitor of the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine, leading to increased concentrations of these neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft and enhanced neurotransmission."},"_wikipedia":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imipraminoxide","title":"Imipraminoxide","extract":"Imipraminoxide, or imipramine N-oxide, is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) that was introduced in Europe in the 1960s for the treatment of depression."},"commercial":{},"references":[{"id":1,"url":"https://drugcentral.org/drugcard/3295","fields":["approvals","synonyms","ATC","PK","indications","contraindications","DDIs","targets","patents","FAERS"],"source":"DrugCentral"},{"id":2,"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=imipramine%20oxide","fields":["trials"],"source":"ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"id":3,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=imipramine oxide","fields":["publications"],"source":"PubMed/NCBI"},{"id":4,"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imipraminoxide","fields":["history","overview"],"source":"Wikipedia"}],"_enrichedAt":"2026-03-30T12:03:13.431473","biosimilars":[],"competitors":[{"drugName":"desipramine","drugSlug":"desipramine","fdaApproval":"1964-11-20","genericCount":8,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"imipramine","drugSlug":"imipramine","fdaApproval":"1959-04-16","genericCount":3,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"clomipramine","drugSlug":"clomipramine","fdaApproval":"1989-12-29","genericCount":19,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"trimipramine","drugSlug":"trimipramine","fdaApproval":"1979-06-12","genericCount":3,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"amitriptyline","drugSlug":"amitriptyline","fdaApproval":"1961-04-07","genericCount":33,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"nortriptyline","drugSlug":"nortriptyline","fdaApproval":"1964-11-06","genericCount":9,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"protriptyline","drugSlug":"protriptyline","fdaApproval":"1967-09-27","genericCount":4,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"doxepin","drugSlug":"doxepin","fdaApproval":"1969-09-23","patentExpiry":"Sep 7, 2030","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"amoxapine","drugSlug":"amoxapine","fdaApproval":"1980-09-22","genericCount":3,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"maprotiline","drugSlug":"maprotiline","fdaApproval":"1980-12-01","genericCount":4,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"}],"genericName":"imipramine oxide","indications":{"approved":[],"offLabel":[],"pipeline":[]},"drugCategory":"active","labelChanges":[],"relatedDrugs":[{"drugId":"desipramine","brandName":"desipramine","genericName":"desipramine","approvalYear":"1964","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"imipramine","brandName":"imipramine","genericName":"imipramine","approvalYear":"1959","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"clomipramine","brandName":"clomipramine","genericName":"clomipramine","approvalYear":"1989","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"trimipramine","brandName":"trimipramine","genericName":"trimipramine","approvalYear":"1979","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"amitriptyline","brandName":"amitriptyline","genericName":"amitriptyline","approvalYear":"1961","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"nortriptyline","brandName":"nortriptyline","genericName":"nortriptyline","approvalYear":"1964","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"protriptyline","brandName":"protriptyline","genericName":"protriptyline","approvalYear":"1967","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"doxepin","brandName":"doxepin","genericName":"doxepin","approvalYear":"1969","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"amoxapine","brandName":"amoxapine","genericName":"amoxapine","approvalYear":"1980","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"maprotiline","brandName":"maprotiline","genericName":"maprotiline","approvalYear":"1980","relationship":"same-class"}],"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT02374567","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Pharmacovigilance in Gerontopsychiatric Patients","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Hannover Medical School","startDate":"2015-01","conditions":["Dementia","Depression","Schizophrenia","Psychosomatic Disorders","Anxiety Disorders"],"enrollment":407,"completionDate":"2017-06-28"}],"genericFilers":[],"latestUpdates":[],"manufacturing":[],"crossReferences":{"UNII":"8MKS280XJW","CHEBI":"CHEBI:135256","INN_ID":"3925","UMLSCUI":"C3652629","ChEMBL_ID":"CHEMBL1614644","KEGG_DRUG":"D07334","DRUGBANK_ID":"DB13782","PUBCHEM_CID":"65589","MESH_SUPPLEMENTAL_RECORD_UI":"C002921"},"formularyStatus":[],"_enricherVersion":"v2","developmentCodes":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"pharmacokinetics":{"source":"DrugCentral","halfLife":"1.8 hours","clearance":"12.0 mL/min/kg","volumeOfDistribution":"1.9 L/kg"},"publicationCount":167,"therapeuticAreas":["Neuroscience"],"atcClassification":{"source":"DrugCentral","atcCode":"N06AA03","allCodes":["N06AA03"]},"biosimilarFilings":[],"recentPublications":[{"date":"2025 Dec 1","pmid":"41072925","title":"Contribution of particle-induced lysosome membrane permeabilization to NLRP3 inflammasome activation and mitochondrial ROS production.","journal":"Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology"},{"date":"2025 Oct 1","pmid":"40472919","title":"Mostuea batesii Baker (Gelsemiaceae) root bark hydroethanolic extract unveil neuroprotective, antihypertensive, and antioxidant activities in rat model exposed to lead acetate.","journal":"Brain research"},{"date":"2025 Jun","pmid":"39907901","title":"Grape Seed Extract Pretreatment Prevents Mitochondrial Dysfunction and NLRP3 Inflammasome-Induced Inflammatory Response in Glial Cells Exposed to Paroxetine and Quinolinic Acid.","journal":"Molecular neurobiology"},{"date":"2025","pmid":"39501948","title":"Antidepressant Potential of Hispidulin Present in S. barbata D. Don: Mechanistic Insights through Neurochemical and Behavioral Assessments.","journal":"Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry"},{"date":"2024 Dec","pmid":"38951153","title":"Dissecting the antidepressant effect of troxerutin: modulation of neuroinflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in lipopolysaccharide-treated mice.","journal":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology"}],"companionDiagnostics":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"status":"active","companyName":"","companyId":"unknown","modality":"Small Molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Imipraminoxide, also known as imipramine oxide, is a small molecule drug in the imipramine oxide class. Its mechanism of action is not well-documented, and it is not FDA-approved for any indications. The half-life of imipraminoxide is approximately 1.8 hours. Due to the lack of information on its commercial status and approved indications, it is difficult to provide a comprehensive summary. Further research is needed to understand the properties and potential uses of imipraminoxide.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"partial","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":false,"safety":false,"trials":true,"score":2}}