{"id":"hyperbaric-bupivicaine","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Hypotension"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Bradycardia"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Headache (post-dural puncture)"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Neurological toxicity (at high doses)"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Cardiovascular toxicity (at high doses)"}]},"_chembl":{"chemblId":"CHEMBL1098","moleculeType":"Small molecule","molecularWeight":"288.44"},"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Bupivacaine is an amide-type local anesthetic that reversibly inhibits sodium influx into nerve fibers, thereby preventing depolarization and nerve impulse transmission. The hyperbaric formulation (made hypertonic with dextrose) increases the density of the solution, allowing it to settle dependently in the cerebrospinal fluid when used for spinal anesthesia, providing predictable distribution and duration of action.","oneSentence":"Hyperbaric bupivacaine is a local anesthetic that blocks sodium channels in nerve cell membranes, preventing the initiation and propagation of action potentials to produce regional anesthesia.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:41:19.616Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Spinal anesthesia for surgical procedures"},{"name":"Regional anesthesia and analgesia"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT07094802","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Comparison of Intrathecal Bupivacaine With and Without Morphine for Post-operative Analgesia in Parturients Undergoing Elective Cesarean Section: A Randomized Controlled Trial","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Institute Of Medicine.","startDate":"2025-10-15","conditions":"Postoperative Pain, Cesarean Delivery, Analgesia, Obstetrical","enrollment":92},{"nctId":"NCT06785285","phase":"NA","title":"Comparative Study of Fentanyl vs Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvants to Intrathecal Bupivacaine in Cesarean Section","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Sohag University","startDate":"2024-03-01","conditions":"Cesarean Section","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT06662175","phase":"PHASE2, PHASE3","title":"Role of Dexmedetomidine as Synergistic Agent","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Lady Reading Hospital, Pakistan","startDate":"2024-11","conditions":"Dexmedetomidine, Hyperbaric Bupivacaine, Subarachnoid Anesthesia","enrollment":166},{"nctId":"NCT04003909","phase":"NA","title":"Erector Spinae Plane Block for Postoperative Pain Control in Hip Replacement Surgeries","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Bassant M. Abdelhamid","startDate":"2019-07-05","conditions":"Postoperative Pain","enrollment":30},{"nctId":"NCT02190903","phase":"NA","title":"A Trial To Assess Risk of Delirium in Older Adults Undergoing Hip Fracture Surgery With Spinal or General Anesthesia","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Pennsylvania","startDate":"2013-10","conditions":"Postoperative Complications, Hip Fracture, Delirium","enrollment":15},{"nctId":"NCT02466022","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Dexmedetomidine for Sedation in Total Knee Replacements","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Saskatchewan","startDate":"2015-06","conditions":"Post-operative Pain for Total Knee Arthroplasty","enrollment":54},{"nctId":"NCT02577809","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Intrathecal Opioid Study","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Witwatersrand, South Africa","startDate":"2015-07","conditions":"Post-operative Pain","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT01561274","phase":"PHASE2","title":"ET 50 for Post Caesarean Section Spinal Hypotension","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"McGill University Health Centre/Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre","startDate":"2012-03","conditions":"Hypotension","enrollment":50}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[{"count":1,"reaction":"DRUG INEFFECTIVE"}],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":3,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":["Spinal Bupivicaine","Bupivacaine","hyperbaric bupivacaine"],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Hyperbaric Bupivicaine","genericName":"Hyperbaric Bupivicaine","companyName":"University of Witwatersrand, South Africa","companyId":"university-of-witwatersrand-south-africa","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Hyperbaric Bupivacaine is a small molecule that acts as a sodium channel protein type IV alpha subunit blocker, classified as a blocker. It is used in subarachnoid anesthesia for conditions such as hip fracture and postoperative complications, often in combination with other agents like dexmedetomidine.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}