{"id":"hydroxyzine","rwe":[{"pmid":"41847141","year":"2026","title":"Sertraline safety in adolescents experiencing a depressive episode during first 3 weeks: added anxiolytic matters more than CYP2C19 polymorphisms.","finding":"","journal":"Frontiers in pharmacology","studyType":"Clinical Study"},{"pmid":"41841090","year":"2026","title":"Intentional Naproxen Overdose Causing Metabolic Acidosis: A Case Report.","finding":"","journal":"Cureus","studyType":"Clinical Study"},{"pmid":"41835050","year":"2025","title":"Pharmaco-EEG-Based Classification of Psychotropic Activity of a Novel Chromone-Containing Allylmorpholine in Rats.","finding":"","journal":"Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin","studyType":"Clinical Study"},{"pmid":"41803661","year":"2026","title":"A Comparison of Oral Sedation-Related Events of Three Multi-Agent Regimens in Pediatric Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","finding":"","journal":"Pediatric dentistry","studyType":"Clinical Study"},{"pmid":"41694161","year":"2026","title":"Nitrous Oxide and Oral Sedation for Managing Dental Anxiety in Children: A Systematic Review.","finding":"","journal":"Cureus","studyType":"Clinical Study"}],"_fda":{"id":"638cf29d-9dc9-4a80-8937-ba3811482f08","set_id":"02616eee-a1a4-4afc-b84e-69fd28755138","openfda":{"unii":["M20215MUFR"],"route":["ORAL"],"rxcui":["995253"],"spl_id":["638cf29d-9dc9-4a80-8937-ba3811482f08"],"brand_name":["hydroxyzine pamoate"],"spl_set_id":["02616eee-a1a4-4afc-b84e-69fd28755138"],"package_ndc":["63629-8874-1"],"product_ndc":["63629-8874"],"generic_name":["HYDROXYZINE PAMOATE"],"product_type":["HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG"],"substance_name":["HYDROXYZINE PAMOATE"],"manufacturer_name":["Bryant Ranch Prepack"],"application_number":["ANDA087479"],"original_packager_product_ndc":["0185-0674"]},"version":"105","warnings":["WARNINGS Nursing Mothers It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Since many drugs are so excreted, hydroxyzine should not be given to nursing mothers."],"overdosage":["OVERDOSAGE The most common manifestation of overdosage of hydroxyzine pamoate is hypersedation. Other reported signs and symptoms were convulsions, stupor, nausea and vomiting. As in the management of overdosage with any drug, it should be borne in mind that multiple agents may have been taken. If vomiting has not occurred spontaneously, it should be induced. Immediate gastric lavage is also recommended. General supportive care, including frequent monitoring of the vital signs and close observation of the patient, is indicated. Hypotension, though unlikely, may be controlled with intravenous fluids and vasopressors ( do not use epinephrine as hydroxyzine counteracts its pressor action ). Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate Injection, USP, may be used to counteract central nervous system depressant effects. Hydroxyzine overdose may cause QT prolongation and Torsade de Pointes. ECG monitoring is recommended in cases of hydroxyzine overdose. There is no specific antidote. It is doubtful that hemodialysis would be of any value in the treatment of overdosage with hydroxyzine. However, if other agents such as barbiturates have been ingested concomitantly, hemodialysis may be indicated. There is no practical method to quantitate hydroxyzine in body fluids or tissue after its ingestion or administration."],"description":["DESCRIPTION Hydroxyzine pamoate is a light yellow, practically odorless powder practically insoluble in water and methanol and freely soluble in dimethylformamide. It is chemically designated as (±)-2-[2-[4-( p -Chloro-α-phenylbenzyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethoxy]ethanol 4,4’-methylenebis[3-hydroxy-2-naphthoate] (1:1) [10246-75-0] and can be structurally represented as follows: C 21 H 27 CIN 2 O 2 •C 23 H 16 O 6 M.W. 763.27 Each capsule, for oral administration, contains hydroxyzine pamoate equivalent to hydroxyzine hydrochloride 25 mg or 50 mg. In addition, each capsule contains the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, hydroxypropyl cellulose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, sodium starch glycolate (potato), and sodium lauryl sulfate. The capsule shell contains the following ingredients: D&C Yellow #10, FD&C Green #3, FD&C Yellow #6, gelatin, and titanium dioxide. The edible imprinting ink contains the following ingredients: black iron oxide, D&C Yellow #10, FD&C Blue #1, FD&C Blue #2, FD&C Red #40, propylene glycol, and shellac glaze."],"precautions":["PRECAUTIONS THE POTENTIATING ACTION OF HYDROXYZINE MUST BE CONSIDERED WHEN THE DRUG IS USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DEPRESSANTS SUCH AS NARCOTICS, NON-NARCOTIC ANALGESICS AND BARBITURATES. Therefore, when central nervous system depressants are administered concomitantly with hydroxyzine, their dosage should be reduced. Since drowsiness may occur with use of the drug, patients should be warned of this possibility and cautioned against driving a car or operating dangerous machinery while taking hydroxyzine pamoate. Patients should be advised against the simultaneous use of other CNS depressant drugs, and cautioned that the effect of alcohol may be increased. QT Prolongation/Torsade de Pointes (TdP) Cases of QT prolongation and Torsade de Pointes have been reported during post-marketing use of hydroxyzine. The majority of reports occurred in patients with other risk factors for QT prolongation/TdP (pre-existing heart disease, electrolyte imbalances or concomitant arrhythmogenic drug use). Therefore, hydroxyzine should be used with caution in patients with risk factors for QT prolongation, congenital long QT syndrome, a family history of long QT syndrome, other conditions that predispose to QT prolongation and ventricular arrhythmia, as well as recent myocardial infarction, uncompensated heart failure, and bradyarrhythmias. Caution is recommended during the concomitant use of drugs known to prolong the QT interval. These include Class 1A (e.g., quinidine, procainamide) or Class III (e.g., amiodarone, sotalol) antiarrhythmics, certain antipsychotics (e.g., ziprasidone, iloperidone, clozapine, quetiapine, chlorpromazine), certain antidepressants (e.g., citalopram, fluoxetine), certain antibiotics (e.g., azithromycin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin); and others (e.g., pentamidine, methadone, ondansetron, droperidol). Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis (AGEP) Hydroxyzine may rarely cause acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), a serious skin reaction characterized by fever and numerous small, superficial, non-follicular, sterile pustules, arising within large areas of edematous erythema. Inform patients about the signs of AGEP, and discontinue hydroxyzine at the first appearance of a skin rash, worsening of pre-existing skin reactions which hydroxyzine may be used to treat, or any other sign of hypersensitivity. If signs or symptoms suggest AGEP, use of hydroxyzine should not be resumed and alternative therapy should be considered. Avoid cetirizine or levocetirizine in patients who have experienced AGEP or other hypersensitivity reactions with hydroxyzine, due to the risk of cross-sensitivity. Geriatric Use A determination has not been made whether controlled clinical studies of hydroxyzine pamoate included sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to define a difference in response from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal or cardiac function and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy. The extent of renal excretion of hydroxyzine pamoate has not been determined. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selections. Sedating drugs may cause confusion and over sedation in the elderly; elderly patients generally should be started on low doses of hydroxyzine pamoate and observed closely."],"how_supplied":["HOW SUPPLIED Hydroxyzine Pamoate Capsules, USP, for oral administration, are available as 25 mg (equivalent to 25 mg hydroxyzine hydrochloride) are light green/dark green capsules imprinted “E 613” and supplied as: NDC: 63629-8874-1 bottles of 500 Storage Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Protect from moisture. Dispense contents in a tight, light-resistant container as defined in the USP, with a child-resistant closure, as required. KEEP TIGHTLY CLOSED. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. Repackaged/Relabeled by: Bryant Ranch Prepack, Inc. Burbank, CA 91504"],"geriatric_use":["Geriatric Use A determination has not been made whether controlled clinical studies of hydroxyzine pamoate included sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to define a difference in response from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal or cardiac function and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy. The extent of renal excretion of hydroxyzine pamoate has not been determined. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selections. Sedating drugs may cause confusion and over sedation in the elderly; elderly patients generally should be started on low doses of hydroxyzine pamoate and observed closely."],"effective_time":"20241216","nursing_mothers":["Nursing Mothers It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Since many drugs are so excreted, hydroxyzine should not be given to nursing mothers."],"adverse_reactions":["ADVERSE REACTIONS Side effects reported with the administration of hydroxyzine pamoate are usually mild and transitory in nature. Skin and Appendages Oral hydroxyzine hydrochloride is associated with Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis (AGEP) and fixed drug eruptions in post-marketing reports. Anticholinergic Dry mouth. Central Nervous System Drowsiness is usually transitory and may disappear in a few days of continued therapy or upon reduction of the dose. Involuntary motor activity, including rare instances of tremor and convulsions, has been reported, usually with doses considerably higher than those recommended. Clinically significant respiratory depression has not been reported at recommended doses. Cardiac System QT prolongation, Torsade de Pointes. In post-marketing experience, the following additional undesirable effects have been reported: Body as a Whole Allergic reaction Nervous System Headache Psychiatric Hallucination Skin and Appendages Pruritus, rash, urticaria"],"contraindications":["CONTRAINDICATIONS Hydroxyzine, when administered to the pregnant mouse, rat, and rabbit, induced fetal abnormalities in the rat and mouse at doses substantially above the human therapeutic range. Clinical data in human beings are inadequate to establish safety in early pregnancy. Until such data are available, hydroxyzine is contraindicated in early pregnancy. Hydroxyzine is contraindicated in patients with a prolonged QT interval. Hydroxyzine pamoate is contraindicated for patients who have shown a previous hypersensitivity to any component of this medication. Hydroxyzine is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to hydroxyzine products, and in patients with known hypersensitivity to cetirizine hydrochloride or levocetirizine hydrochloride."],"clinical_pharmacology":["CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY Hydroxyzine pamoate is unrelated chemically to the phenothiazines, reserpine, meprobamate, or the benzodiazepines. Hydroxyzine pamoate is not a cortical depressant, but its action may be due to a suppression of activity in certain key regions of the subcortical area of the central nervous system. Primary skeletal muscle relaxation has been demonstrated experimentally. Bronchodilator activity, and antihistaminic and analgesic effects have been demonstrated experimentally and confirmed clinically. An antiemetic effect, both by the apomorphine test and the veriloid test, has been demonstrated. Pharmacological and clinical studies indicate that hydroxyzine in therapeutic dosage does not increase gastric secretion or acidity and in most cases has mild antisecretory activity. Hydroxyzine is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and hydroxyzine pamoate clinical effects are usually noted within 15 to 30 minutes after oral administration."],"indications_and_usage":["INDICATIONS For symptomatic relief of anxiety and tension associated with psychoneurosis and as an adjunct in organic disease states in which anxiety is manifested. Useful in the management of pruritus due to allergic conditions such as chronic urticaria and atopic and contact dermatoses, and in histamine-mediated pruritus. As a sedative when used as premedication and following general anesthesia, hydroxyzine may potentiate meperidine (Demerol ® ) and barbiturates, so their use in pre-anesthetic adjunctive therapy should be modified on an individual basis. Atropine and other belladonna alkaloids are not affected by the drug. Hydroxyzine is not known to interfere with the action of digitalis in any way and it may be used concurrently with this agent. The effectiveness of hydroxyzine as an antianxiety agent for long-term use, that is, more than 4 months, has not been assessed by systematic clinical studies. The physician should reassess periodically the usefulness of the drug for the individual patient."],"spl_unclassified_section":["25 mg and 50 mg Rx Only"],"dosage_and_administration":["DOSAGE For symptomatic relief of anxiety and tension associated with psychoneurosis and as an adjunct in organic disease states in which anxiety is manifested: in adults, 50 mg to 100 mg q.i.d.; children under 6 years, 50 mg daily in divided doses; and over 6 years, 50 mg to 100 mg daily in divided doses. For use in the management of pruritus due to allergic conditions such as chronic urticaria and atopic and contact dermatoses, and in histamine-mediated pruritus: in adults, 25 mg t.i.d. or q.i.d.; children under 6 years, 50 mg daily in divided doses; and over 6 years, 50 mg to 100 mg daily in divided doses. As a sedative when used as a premedication and following general anesthesia: 50 mg to 100 mg in adults, and 0.6 mg/kg in children. When treatment is initiated by the intramuscular route of administration, subsequent doses may be administered orally. As with all medications, the dosage should be adjusted according to the patient’s response to therapy."],"spl_product_data_elements":["hydroxyzine pamoate hydroxyzine pamoate HYDROXYZINE PAMOATE HYDROXYZINE HYDROXYZINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE SILICON DIOXIDE D&C YELLOW NO. 10 FD&C BLUE NO. 1 FD&C BLUE NO. 2 FD&C GREEN NO. 3 FD&C YELLOW NO. 6 FD&C RED NO. 40 FERROSOFERRIC OXIDE GELATIN, UNSPECIFIED HYDROXYPROPYL CELLULOSE (1200000 WAMW) LACTOSE MONOHYDRATE MAGNESIUM STEARATE PROPYLENE GLYCOL SHELLAC SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE SODIUM STARCH GLYCOLATE TYPE A POTATO TITANIUM DIOXIDE light green/dark green E613 Chemical Structure"],"package_label_principal_display_panel":["Hydroxyzine Pamoate 25 mg Caps #500 Label"]},"tags":[{"label":"Antihistamine","category":"class"},{"label":"Small Molecule","category":"modality"},{"label":"Histamine H1 receptor","category":"target"},{"label":"HRH1","category":"gene"},{"label":"HTR2A","category":"gene"},{"label":"DRD2","category":"gene"},{"label":"N05BB01","category":"atc"},{"label":"Oral","category":"route"},{"label":"Intramuscular","category":"route"},{"label":"Capsule","category":"form"},{"label":"Injection","category":"form"},{"label":"Solution","category":"form"},{"label":"Suspension","category":"form"},{"label":"Off-Patent","category":"patent"},{"label":"Generic Available","category":"availability"},{"label":"Established","category":"status"},{"label":"Allergic conjunctivitis","category":"indication"},{"label":"Allergic rhinitis","category":"indication"},{"label":"Atopic dermatitis","category":"indication"},{"label":"Dermatographic urticaria","category":"indication"},{"label":"Itching of skin","category":"indication"},{"label":"Nasal discharge","category":"indication"},{"label":"Pfizer","category":"company"},{"label":"Approved 1950s","category":"decade"},{"label":"Antipruritics","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Dermatologic Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Histamine Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Histamine Antagonists","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Histamine H1 Antagonists","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Neurotransmitter Agents","category":"pharmacology"}],"phase":"marketed","safety":{"boxedWarnings":[],"safetySignals":[{"date":"","signal":"DRUG INEFFECTIVE","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"3226 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"PRURITUS","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"3107 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"NAUSEA","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"2807 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"FATIGUE","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"2793 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"OFF LABEL USE","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"2383 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"TOXICITY TO VARIOUS AGENTS","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"2367 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"PAIN","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"2356 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"COMPLETED SUICIDE","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"2334 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"HEADACHE","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"2285 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"RASH","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"2120 reports"}],"commonSideEffects":[{"effect":"Drowsiness","drugRate":"reported","severity":"mild"},{"effect":"Dry mouth","drugRate":"reported","severity":"mild"},{"effect":"Pruritus","drugRate":"reported","severity":"mild"},{"effect":"Rash","drugRate":"reported","severity":"mild"},{"effect":"Urticaria","drugRate":"reported","severity":"mild"},{"effect":"Headache","drugRate":"reported","severity":"mild"},{"effect":"Allergic reaction","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"QT prolongation","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Torsade de Pointes","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Hallucination","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"}],"contraindications":["Acute hepatitis","Alcoholism","Angina pectoris","Angle-closure glaucoma","Benign prostatic hyperplasia","Bladder outflow obstruction","Chronic heart failure","Chronic idiopathic constipation","Chronic myocardial ischemia","Conduction disorder of the heart","Continuous fever","Cor pulmonale","Cystic fibrosis","Diabetes mellitus","Disease of liver","Disorder of cardiovascular system","Disorder of coronary artery","Hypertensive disorder","Hyperthyroidism","Hypothyroidism","Multiple organ failure","Myocardial infarction","Myocardial ischemia","Open-angle glaucoma","Peptic ulcer"],"specialPopulations":{"Geriatric use":"Geriatric use. determination has not been made whether controlled clinical studies of hydrOXYzine included sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to define difference in response from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased"}},"trials":[],"aliases":[],"company":"Pfizer","patents":[],"pricing":[{"market":"United States","source":"CMS National Average Drug Acquisition Cost (NADAC)","asOfDate":"2024-01-03","unitCost":"$0.0354/EA","priceType":"NADAC","sourceUrl":"https://data.medicaid.gov/dataset/4j6z-xnwq","annualCost":"$13","description":"HYDROXYZINE HCL 10 MG TABLET","retrievedDate":"2026-04-07"}],"_sources":{"trials":{"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=HYDROXYZINE","method":"api_direct","source":"ClinicalTrials.gov","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"ctgov","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:35:31.219726+00:00"},"timeline":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxyzine","method":"deterministic","source":"Wikipedia","rawText":"","confidence":0.8,"sourceType":"wikipedia","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:35:40.213326+00:00"},"regulatory.ca":{"url":"","method":"api_direct","source":"Health Canada DPD","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"health_canada_dpd","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:35:38.412375+00:00"},"regulatory.us":{"url":"","method":"api_direct","source":"FDA Drugs@FDA","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_drugsfda","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:35:30.335773+00:00"},"publicationCount":{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=HYDROXYZINE","method":"api_direct","source":"PubMed/NCBI","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"pubmed","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:35:38.769272+00:00"},"administration.route":{"url":"","method":"deterministic","source":"FDA Label","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_label","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:35:25.821292+00:00"},"safety.boxedWarnings":{"url":"","method":"deterministic","source":"FDA Label (no boxed warning)","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_label","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:35:25.821316+00:00"},"safety.safetySignals":{"url":"https://api.fda.gov/drug/event.json","method":"api_direct","source":"FDA FAERS","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_faers","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:35:40.772429+00:00"},"mechanism.target_chembl":{"url":"","method":"api_direct","source":"ChEMBL mechanism: Histamine H1 receptor antagonist","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"chembl","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:35:40.213272+00:00"},"crossReferences.chemblId":{"url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/compound_report_card/CHEMBL3186993/","method":"api_direct","source":"ChEMBL (EMBL-EBI)","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"chembl","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:35:39.643765+00:00"},"regulatory.fda_application":{"url":"","method":"deterministic","source":"FDA Label","rawText":"ANDA087479","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_label","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:35:25.821320+00:00"}},"allNames":"hydroxyzine hydrochloride","offLabel":[],"synonyms":["hydroxyzine pamoate","hydroxizine","hydroxyzin","hydroxyzyne","tranquizine","hydroxyzine","hydroxyzine hydrochloride","hydroxyzine dihydrochloride","hydroxyzine HCl"],"timeline":[{"date":"1956-01-01","type":"neutral","source":"FDA Orange Book","milestone":"Rights transferred from PFIZER to Pfizer"},{"date":"1956-04-12","type":"positive","source":"DrugCentral","milestone":"FDA approval (Pfizer)"}],"aiSummary":"Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride (HYDROXYZINE) is a small molecule antihistamine that targets the histamine H1 receptor. Originally developed by Pfizer in 1956, it is currently owned by the same company and is off-patent, with 13 generic manufacturers. This medication is used to treat various allergic conditions, including allergic conjunctivitis, rhinitis, and urticaria. Hydroxyzine works by blocking the action of histamine, a chemical released during allergic reactions, thereby reducing symptoms such as itching and nasal discharge. As an off-patent medication, it is widely available in generic forms.","approvals":[{"date":"1956-04-12","orphan":false,"company":"PFIZER","regulator":"FDA"}],"brandName":"Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride","ecosystem":[{"indication":"Allergic conjunctivitis","otherDrugs":[{"name":"acrivastine","slug":"acrivastine","company":"Auxilium Pharms Inc"},{"name":"alcaftadine","slug":"alcaftadine","company":"Allergan"},{"name":"alimemazine","slug":"alimemazine","company":"Allergan Herbert"},{"name":"antazoline","slug":"antazoline","company":"Novartis"}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Allergic rhinitis","otherDrugs":[{"name":"acrivastine","slug":"acrivastine","company":"Auxilium Pharms Inc"},{"name":"alimemazine","slug":"alimemazine","company":"Allergan Herbert"},{"name":"antazoline","slug":"antazoline","company":"Novartis"},{"name":"astemizole","slug":"astemizole","company":""}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Atopic dermatitis","otherDrugs":[{"name":"abrocitinib","slug":"abrocitinib","company":"PFIZER Inc"},{"name":"alclometasone dipropionate","slug":"alclometasone-dipropionate","company":""},{"name":"amcinonide","slug":"amcinonide","company":"Astellas"},{"name":"ammonium lactate","slug":"ammonium-lactate","company":"Ranbaxy"}],"globalPrevalence":204050000},{"indication":"Dermatographic urticaria","otherDrugs":[{"name":"alimemazine","slug":"alimemazine","company":"Allergan Herbert"},{"name":"antazoline","slug":"antazoline","company":"Novartis"},{"name":"azatadine","slug":"azatadine","company":""},{"name":"brompheniramine","slug":"brompheniramine","company":""}],"globalPrevalence":68000000},{"indication":"Itching of skin","otherDrugs":[{"name":"alimemazine","slug":"alimemazine","company":"Allergan Herbert"},{"name":"allantoin","slug":"allantoin","company":""},{"name":"ammonium lactate","slug":"ammonium-lactate","company":"Ranbaxy"},{"name":"antazoline","slug":"antazoline","company":"Novartis"}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Nasal discharge","otherDrugs":[{"name":"acrivastine","slug":"acrivastine","company":"Auxilium Pharms Inc"},{"name":"alimemazine","slug":"alimemazine","company":"Allergan Herbert"},{"name":"ammonium chloride","slug":"ammonium-chloride","company":"B Braun"},{"name":"antazoline","slug":"antazoline","company":"Novartis"}],"globalPrevalence":30000000},{"indication":"Urticaria","otherDrugs":[{"name":"alimemazine","slug":"alimemazine","company":"Allergan Herbert"},{"name":"antazoline","slug":"antazoline","company":"Novartis"},{"name":"azatadine","slug":"azatadine","company":""},{"name":"brompheniramine","slug":"brompheniramine","company":""}],"globalPrevalence":68000000}],"mechanism":{"target":"Histamine H1 receptor","novelty":"First-in-class","targets":[{"gene":"HRH1","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Histamine H1 receptor","protein":"Histamine H1 receptor"},{"gene":"HTR2A","source":"DrugCentral","target":"5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A","protein":"5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A"},{"gene":"DRD2","source":"DrugCentral","target":"D(2) dopamine receptor","protein":"D(2) dopamine receptor"},{"gene":"CYP2D6","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Cytochrome P450 2D6","protein":"Cytochrome P450 2D6"}],"moaClass":"Histamine Receptor Antagonists","modality":"Small Molecule","drugClass":"Antihistamine","explanation":"","oneSentence":"","technicalDetail":"Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride acts as a competitive antagonist at the histamine H1 receptor, inhibiting the binding of histamine and subsequent downstream effects, such as increased vascular permeability and smooth muscle contraction."},"_wikipedia":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxyzine","title":"Hydroxyzine","extract":"Hydroxyzine, sold under the brand names Atarax and Vistaril among others, is an antihistamine medication. It is used in the treatment of itchiness, anxiety, insomnia, and nausea. It is used either by mouth or injection into a muscle.","wiki_society_and_culture":"==Society and culture==\n\n===Brand names===\n\nHydroxyzine preparations require a doctor's prescription. The drug is available in two formulations, the pamoate and the dihydrochloride or hydrochloride salts. Vistaril, Equipose, Masmoran, and Paxistil are preparations of the pamoate salt, while Atarax, Alamon, Aterax, Durrax, Tran-Q, Orgatrax, Quiess, and Tranquizine are of the hydrochloride salt."},"commercial":{"launchDate":"1956","_launchSource":"DrugCentral (FDA 1956-04-12, 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