{"id":"hpv-vaccine","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"50-80","effect":"Injection site pain, redness, or swelling"},{"rate":"10-20","effect":"Headache"},{"rate":"5-15","effect":"Myalgia"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Fever"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Nausea"},{"rate":"1-3","effect":"Syncope (fainting)"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"The vaccine contains viral-like particles (VLPs) derived from HPV capsid proteins or recombinant antigens that trigger both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. This prevents infection by high-risk HPV strains (primarily types 16 and 18, with some vaccines covering additional types) before they can establish persistent infection and progress to malignant transformation. The vaccine is most effective when administered before exposure to the virus.","oneSentence":"HPV vaccine stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies and cellular immunity against human papillomavirus types that cause cervical and other cancers.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:31:45.647Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HPV_vaccine","title":"HPV vaccine","extract":"Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are vaccines intended to provide acquired immunity against infection by certain types of human papillomavirus. The first HPV vaccine became available in 2006. Currently there are six licensed HPV vaccines: three bivalent, two quadrivalent, and one nonavalent vaccine. All have excellent safety profiles and are highly efficacious, or have met immunobridging standards. All of them protect against HPV types 16 and 18, which are together responsible for approximately 70% of cervical cancer cases globally. The quadrivalent vaccines provide additional protection against HPV types 6 and 11. The nonavalent one provides additional protection against HPV types 31, 33, 45, 52 and 58. It is estimated that HPV vaccines may prevent 70% of cervical cancer, 80% of anal cancer, 60% of vaginal cancer, 40% of vulvar cancer, and show more than 90% effectiveness in preventing HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancers. They also protect against penile cancer. They additionally prevent genital warts, with the quadrivalent and nonavalent vaccines providing virtually complete protection. The WHO recommends a one or two-dose schedule for girls aged 9–14 years, the same for girls and women aged 15–20 years, and two doses with a six-month interval for women older than 21 years. The vaccines provide protection for at least five to ten years."},"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Prevention of cervical cancer caused by HPV types 16 and 18"},{"name":"Prevention of other HPV-related cancers (anal, oropharyngeal, vulvar, vaginal)"},{"name":"Prevention of genital warts"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT06223568","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (NAC) Alone or in Combination With Immunotherapy Vaccine PRGN-2009 in Subjects With Newly Diagnosed HPV-Associated Oropharyngeal (Head and Neck) Cancer","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"National Cancer Institute (NCI)","startDate":"2024-06-10","conditions":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck, Oropharynx, Human Papillomavirus Viruses","enrollment":70},{"nctId":"NCT07407569","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Developing a First-void Urine-based Infection Model to Study HPV-specific Antibody-virion Interaction Before and After HPV Vaccination","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Universiteit Antwerpen","startDate":"2026-03-25","conditions":"Human Papilloma Virus Infection Type 16","enrollment":50},{"nctId":"NCT07498075","phase":"NA","title":"A Randomized Trial of Digital Interventions to Increase HPV Vaccination Intentions Among Nigerian Caregivers","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"University of Pennsylvania","startDate":"2026-04-01","conditions":"HPV, HPV Vaccine","enrollment":3340},{"nctId":"NCT02568566","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Nonavalent Vaccine in Preventing Human Papilloma Virus in Younger Healthy Participants","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"National Cancer Institute (NCI)","startDate":"2016-05-19","conditions":"Human Papillomavirus-Related Carcinoma","enrollment":201},{"nctId":"NCT05985681","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Testing RG1-VLP Vaccine to Prevent HPV-related Cancers","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"National Cancer Institute (NCI)","startDate":"2025-02-27","conditions":"Human Papillomavirus-Related Carcinoma","enrollment":18},{"nctId":"NCT05237947","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Single-Dose HPV Vaccination for the Prevention of Cervical Cancer in Young Adult Women in Costa Rica, The PRISMA ESCUDDO Trial","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"National Cancer Institute (NCI)","startDate":"2022-03-01","conditions":"Human Papillomavirus-Related Cervical Carcinoma","enrollment":5000},{"nctId":"NCT07493460","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Longitudinal Tracking of Bone Marrow Plasma Cell Responses to Licensed Human Vaccines","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Washington University School of Medicine","startDate":"2025-08-26","conditions":"Immunology, Healthy Adults","enrollment":25},{"nctId":"NCT05108870","phase":"PHASE1, PHASE2","title":"TheraT® Vectors (Vaccines) Combined With Chemotherapy to Treat HPV16 Head and Neck Cancers","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"University of Chicago","startDate":"2026-07-17","conditions":"Human Papilloma Virus, HPV, HPV Positive Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","enrollment":98},{"nctId":"NCT04534205","phase":"PHASE2, PHASE3","title":"A Clinical Trial Investigating the Safety, Tolerability, and Therapeutic Effects of BNT113 in Combination With Pembrolizumab Versus Pembrolizumab Alone for Patients With a Form of Head and Neck Cancer Positive for Human Papilloma Virus 16 and Expressing the Protein PD-L1","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"BioNTech SE","startDate":"2021-01-07","conditions":"Unresectable Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer, Recurrent Head and Neck Cancer","enrollment":350},{"nctId":"NCT07256912","phase":"PHASE4","title":"A Trial to Establish Non-inferiority of Immunogenicity of a Single-dose of CERVAVAC® Quadrivalent HPV Vaccine Compared to the Gardasil® Quadrivalent Vaccine Among Girls and Boys Aged 9 to 14 Years and in Girls/Women Aged 15 to 20 Years in Zambia","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"International Agency for Research on Cancer","startDate":"2026-04-01","conditions":"Vaccine Effectiveness, HPV Vaccination, Single Dose","enrollment":1266},{"nctId":"NCT06738355","phase":"NA","title":"PREVENT Pilot HPV - 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