{"id":"hesperetin","rwe":[],"tags":[{"label":"hesperetin","category":"class"},{"label":"Small Molecule","category":"modality"},{"label":"Carbonic anhydrase 7","category":"target"},{"label":"CA7","category":"gene"},{"label":"CA4","category":"gene"},{"label":"DPP4","category":"gene"},{"label":"Active","category":"status"},{"label":"University of Vienna","category":"company"}],"phase":"phase_1","safety":{},"trials":[],"aliases":["(2S)-3',5,7-Trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavan-4-one","CAS number 520-33-2"],"company":"University of Vienna","patents":[],"pricing":[],"allNames":"hesperitin","offLabel":[],"synonyms":["hesperetin","hesperitin"],"timeline":[],"approvals":[],"brandName":"Hesperitin","ecosystem":[],"mechanism":{"target":"Cytochrome P450 1B1, Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A, Carbonic anhydrase 12","targets":[{"gene":"CA7","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Carbonic anhydrase 7","protein":"Carbonic anhydrase 7"},{"gene":"CA4","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Carbonic anhydrase 4","protein":"Carbonic anhydrase 4"},{"gene":"DPP4","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Dipeptidyl peptidase 4","protein":"Dipeptidyl peptidase 4"},{"gene":"CA12","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Carbonic anhydrase 12","protein":"Carbonic anhydrase 12"},{"gene":"CYP1B1","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Cytochrome P450 1B1","protein":"Cytochrome P450 1B1"},{"gene":"GSK3B","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta","protein":"Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta"},{"gene":"KDM1A","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A","protein":"Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A"}],"modality":"Small Molecule","drugClass":"hesperetin","explanation":"Think of carbonic anhydrase 7 like a pump that helps move fluids and electrolytes in and out of cells. When Hesperitin blocks this pump, it can help regulate the balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body, which can be beneficial for people with certain medical conditions.","oneSentence":"Hesperitin works by blocking the enzyme carbonic anhydrase 7, which helps regulate the balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body.","technicalDetail":"Hesperitin acts as a competitive inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase 7, binding to the enzyme's active site and preventing the conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and protons, thereby disrupting the enzyme's role in maintaining acid-base balance and fluid homeostasis."},"_wikipedia":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hesperetin","title":"Hesperetin","extract":"Hesperetin is the 4'-methoxy derivative of eriodictyol, a flavanone. The 7-O-glycoside of hesperetin, hesperidin, is a naturally occurring flavanone-glycoside, the main flavonoid in grapefruits, lemons, and sweet oranges."},"commercial":{},"references":[{"id":1,"url":"https://drugcentral.org/drugcard/1362","fields":["approvals","synonyms","ATC","PK","indications","contraindications","DDIs","targets","patents","FAERS"],"source":"DrugCentral"},{"id":2,"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=Hesperetin","fields":["trials"],"source":"ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"id":3,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Hesperetin","fields":["publications"],"source":"PubMed/NCBI"},{"id":4,"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hesperetin","fields":["history","overview"],"source":"Wikipedia"}],"_enrichedAt":"2026-03-30T13:51:24.685288","biosimilars":[],"competitors":[{"drugName":"acetazolamide","drugSlug":"acetazolamide","fdaApproval":"1953-07-27","genericCount":29,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic 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protected","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"chlortalidone","drugSlug":"chlortalidone","fdaApproval":"1960-04-07","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"cianidanol","drugSlug":"cianidanol","fdaApproval":"","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"coumafos","drugSlug":"coumafos","fdaApproval":"","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"dichlorphenamide","drugSlug":"dichlorphenamide","fdaApproval":"1958-07-22","genericCount":2,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-target"}],"dataSources":[{"url":"https://drugcentral.org","name":"DrugCentral","fields":["indications","contraindications","safety","target","drugInteractions"],"retrievedDate":"2026-04-07"}],"genericName":"hesperetin","indications":{"approved":[],"offLabel":[],"pipeline":[]},"drugCategory":"active","labelChanges":[],"relatedDrugs":[{"drugId":"acetazolamide","brandName":"acetazolamide","genericName":"acetazolamide","approvalYear":"1953","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"bendroflumethiazide","brandName":"bendroflumethiazide","genericName":"bendroflumethiazide","approvalYear":"1959","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"benzthiazide","brandName":"benzthiazide","genericName":"benzthiazide","approvalYear":"1960","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"bortezomib","brandName":"bortezomib","genericName":"bortezomib","approvalYear":"2003","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"brinzolamide","brandName":"brinzolamide","genericName":"brinzolamide","approvalYear":"1998","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"celecoxib","brandName":"celecoxib","genericName":"celecoxib","approvalYear":"1998","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"chlortalidone","brandName":"chlortalidone","genericName":"chlortalidone","approvalYear":"1960","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"cianidanol","brandName":"cianidanol","genericName":"cianidanol","approvalYear":"","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"coumafos","brandName":"coumafos","genericName":"coumafos","approvalYear":"","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"dichlorphenamide","brandName":"dichlorphenamide","genericName":"dichlorphenamide","approvalYear":"1958","relationship":"same-target"}],"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT07104734","phase":"NA","title":"Evaluation of the Ergogenic Properties of Hesperetin on Exercise-induced Fatigue","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"China Medical University Hospital","startDate":"2024-09-03","conditions":["Healthy","Athletes"],"enrollment":20,"completionDate":"2025-06-30"},{"nctId":"NCT06340087","phase":"EARLY_PHASE1","title":"Impact Hesperetin in Combination with Sucrose on Blood Glucose Regulation","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Vienna","startDate":"2024-03-31","conditions":["Blood Glucose Fluctuations","Hunger"],"enrollment":39,"completionDate":"2024-11-15"},{"nctId":"NCT05705596","phase":"EARLY_PHASE1","title":"Impact of Hesperetin in Combination With Sucrose on Energy Metabolism","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Vienna","startDate":"2023-01-31","conditions":["Blood Glucose Fluctuations","Hunger"],"enrollment":33,"completionDate":"2023-11-15"},{"nctId":"NCT02095873","phase":"PHASE1,PHASE2","title":"Healthy Aging Through Functional Food","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Warwick","startDate":"2014-05","conditions":["Glucose Intolerance","Aortic Stiffness","Vasodilation"],"enrollment":32,"completionDate":"2015-05"}],"genericFilers":[],"latestUpdates":[],"manufacturing":[],"administration":{},"crossReferences":{"UNII":"Q9Q3D557F1","CHEBI":"CHEBI:28230","RXNORM":"1314255","UMLSCUI":"C0062585","ChEMBL_ID":"CHEMBL399121","DRUGBANK_ID":"DB01094","PDB_CHEM_ID":"6JP","PUBCHEM_CID":"72281","IUPHAR_LIGAND_ID":"10953","MESH_SUPPLEMENTAL_RECORD_UI":"C013015"},"formularyStatus":[],"_enricherVersion":"v2","developmentCodes":[],"ownershipHistory":[{"period":"present","companyName":"University of Vienna","relationship":"Current Owner"}],"pharmacokinetics":{"source":"DrugCentral","bioavailability":"20%"},"publicationCount":1596,"therapeuticAreas":["Metabolic"],"biosimilarFilings":[],"recentPublications":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"status":"active","companyName":"University of Vienna","companyId":"university-of-vienna","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Hesperetin is a small molecule flavanone that is a derivative of eriodictyol, with hesperidin being its 7-O-glycoside form found naturally in citrus fruits. Hesperetin has been studied in clinical trials for its potential ergogenic properties, including reducing exercise-induced fatigue and blood glucose fluctuations, as well as its effects on hunger and glucose intolerance.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"partial","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":false,"safety":false,"trials":true,"score":2}}