{"id":"group-c-saline-propofol-group","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"10-30","effect":"Hypotension"},{"rate":"5-15","effect":"Respiratory depression"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Bradycardia"},{"rate":"10-20","effect":"Injection site pain"},{"rate":"<1","effect":"Propofol infusion syndrome (with prolonged use)"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Propofol acts as a positive allosteric modulator of GABA-A receptors, increasing chloride ion influx and neuronal hyperpolarization, resulting in sedation and anesthesia. Saline is a physiological carrier solution used to dilute and deliver propofol intravenously. This combination is used for induction and maintenance of anesthesia in clinical settings.","oneSentence":"Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic that enhances inhibitory GABA neurotransmission in the central nervous system, while saline serves as a vehicle for administration.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T00:36:51.991Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Induction and maintenance of general anesthesia"},{"name":"Sedation in intensive care units"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT07268495","phase":"NA","title":"The Impact of Intraperitoneal Spray Combined With Intravenous Lidocaine on Postoperative Pain After Myomectomy","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University","startDate":"2024-08-01","conditions":"Postoperative Pain","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT06976996","phase":"NA","title":"Efficacy of Esketamine Combined With Different General Anesthetics on Quality of Postoperative Recovery","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital","startDate":"2025-03-16","conditions":"Quality of Postoperative Recovery","enrollment":190},{"nctId":"NCT06300944","phase":"NA","title":"The Effect of Esketamine on Postoperative Pain Relief in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Surgery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University","startDate":"2023-12-01","conditions":"Postoperative Pain","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT06623370","phase":"PHASE4","title":"The Effect of Methylprednisolone on the Reversal Time of Rocuronium by Sugammadex in the Pediatric Patient Group","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Konya City Hospital","startDate":"2024-10-01","conditions":"Sugammadex Reversal Time, Muscle Weakness","enrollment":80},{"nctId":"NCT06755099","phase":"PHASE2, PHASE3","title":"Female Sexual Dysfunction Assessment and Managment of Vaginismus","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Assiut University","startDate":"2025-01-01","conditions":"Female Sexual Dysfunction","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT06734195","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Comparing the Synergistic Effect of Caudal Dexmedetomidine and Propofol Versus Caudal Dexmedetomidine Only or Propofol Only in Prevention of Sevoflurane Related Emergence Agitation in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Congenital Inguinal Hernia Repair","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Assiut University","startDate":"2024-12-20","conditions":"Sevoflurane Agitiion in Pediatric","enrollment":90},{"nctId":"NCT06715657","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Effect of Propofol Administration Time on the Incidence and Severity of Intrathecal Morphine-induced Pruritus in Parturient Undergoing Elective Cesarean Delivaries","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Assiut University","startDate":"2024-12-01","conditions":"Cesarean Section","enrollment":204},{"nctId":"NCT06414395","phase":"PHASE4","title":"The Effects of Different Loading Doses of Dexmedetomidine on The Bispectral Index-Guided Propofol Sedation in Patients Undergoing Advanced Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Procedures: A Randomized Control Study","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Theodor Bilharz Research Institute","startDate":"2024-05-01","conditions":"GIT Endoscopy, Procedural Sedation","enrollment":52},{"nctId":"NCT06409377","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Improving Intubating Conditions Without the Use of Muscle Relaxant","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Theodor Bilharz Research Institute","startDate":"2024-02-25","conditions":"Intubation, Muscle Relaxation, Dexmedetomidine","enrollment":74},{"nctId":"NCT06180798","phase":"NA","title":"Cold Snare Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (C-EMR) Versus Hot Snare Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (H-EMR) for Large Colorectal Polyps (10-20 mm)","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, India","startDate":"2024-01-10","conditions":"Polyps of Colon, Polyps, Polyp Intestine","enrollment":330},{"nctId":"NCT05602428","phase":"NA","title":"Analysis of Clinical Effect of Subanesthetic Dose of Esketamine Combined With Hip Capsule Peripheral Nerve Block in Elderly Patients Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Changzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine","startDate":"2020-01-01","conditions":"Total Hip Arthroplasty","enrollment":120},{"nctId":"NCT04998253","phase":"EARLY_PHASE1","title":"Effects in Oxygenation and Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction in ARDS Secondary to SARS-CoV2","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Unidad Temporal COVID-19 en Centro Citibanamex","startDate":"2020-10-01","conditions":"Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction, Hypoxemia, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome","enrollment":24},{"nctId":"NCT04706897","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Opioid Sparing Anaesthesia for Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Tanta University","startDate":"2021-01-15","conditions":"PONV, Opioid Sparing Anaesthesia","enrollment":80},{"nctId":"NCT04860167","phase":"NA","title":"Sedation for Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, India","startDate":"2018-09-10","conditions":"Biliary Colic","enrollment":90},{"nctId":"NCT04194294","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Role of LIDOCAINE IN Pediatric Cochlear Implant Surgery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Wahba bakhet","startDate":"2015-08-18","conditions":"Anesthesia","enrollment":70},{"nctId":"NCT04000126","phase":"NA","title":"Pupillometry - Future of Objective Pain Reaction Measurement While Unconscious","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Warmia and Mazury","startDate":"2019-02-25","conditions":"Pain","enrollment":90},{"nctId":"NCT02714725","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Effect Of Dexmedetomidine On Sublingual Microcirculation In Patients Undergoing On Pump CABG Surgery","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Cairo University","startDate":"2016-01","conditions":"Sublingual Microcirculation","enrollment":70},{"nctId":"NCT02329964","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Effectiveness of Sugammadex in LMS Surgery","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Korea University Anam Hospital","startDate":"2015-02","conditions":"Muscle Relaxation","enrollment":80},{"nctId":"NCT00786916","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Efficacy of IV Lidocaine at Alleviating Pain Associated With Propofol Infusion in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Sedation","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Akron Children's Hospital","startDate":"2008-02","conditions":"Pain","enrollment":109},{"nctId":"NCT01837290","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Effects of Dexmedetomidine Premedication on Geriatric Patients With Chronic Renal Failure Undergoing Hip Surgery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Baskent University","startDate":"2012-12","conditions":"Chronic Renal Failure, Hip Fracture","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT02203175","phase":"PHASE2, PHASE3","title":"Prevention of Propofol Injection Pain","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Yeditepe University Hospital","startDate":"2011-04","conditions":"Pain","enrollment":150},{"nctId":"NCT02224443","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Effects of Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly Hypertensive Patients","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University","startDate":"2014-09","conditions":"Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction","enrollment":90},{"nctId":"NCT02097407","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Preoperative Dexmedetomidine & EC50 of Propofol","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Seoul National University Hospital","startDate":"2012-05","conditions":"Urologic Surgery","enrollment":37},{"nctId":"NCT01858090","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Intrathecal Levobupivacaine With Opioids for Caesarean Section","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Baskent University","startDate":"2009-01","conditions":"Elective Caesarean Section Surgeries","enrollment":93}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":0,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Group C : Saline + propofol group","genericName":"Group C : Saline + propofol group","companyName":"Seoul National University Hospital","companyId":"seoul-national-university-hospital","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic that enhances inhibitory GABA neurotransmission in the central nervous system, while saline serves as a vehicle for administration. Used for Induction and maintenance of general anesthesia, Sedation in intensive care units.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}