{"id":"formoterol-turbuhaler-4-5-g","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Tremor"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Headache"},{"rate":"3-7","effect":"Nervousness"},{"rate":"1-5","effect":"Palpitations"},{"rate":"2-5","effect":"Muscle cramps"},{"rate":"1-3","effect":"Tachycardia"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Formoterol activates beta-2 adrenergic receptors on bronchial smooth muscle cells, triggering a cascade that increases intracellular cAMP levels, leading to smooth muscle relaxation and airway dilation. The drug has a rapid onset of action and sustained duration (12+ hours), making it suitable for maintenance therapy in obstructive airway diseases. It is often combined with inhaled corticosteroids for enhanced anti-inflammatory and bronchodilatory effects.","oneSentence":"Formoterol is a long-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that binds to beta-2 receptors on airway smooth muscle, causing relaxation and bronchodilation.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T01:13:25.722Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Asthma maintenance therapy"},{"name":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) maintenance therapy"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT03197818","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Active Controlled Trial of CHF5993 Pressurized Metered-dose Inhaler ( pMDI) vs Symbicort®Turbuhaler® in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ( COPD)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A.","startDate":"2016-12-14","conditions":"COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)","enrollment":990},{"nctId":"NCT02725242","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Efficacy of Once-daily Budesonide/Formoterol Turbuhaler 4.5/160 µg in Step Down Asthma","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Hat Yai Medical Education Center","startDate":"2016-03","conditions":"Asthma","enrollment":77},{"nctId":"NCT00839800","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Study to Investigate the Efficacy of Symbicort® SMART.","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"AstraZeneca","startDate":"2009-02","conditions":"Asthma","enrollment":2091},{"nctId":"NCT00939341","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Study to Investigate Real Life Effectiveness of Symbicort Maintenance and Reliever Therapy in Asthma Patients Across Asia","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"AstraZeneca","startDate":"2009-07","conditions":"Asthma","enrollment":862},{"nctId":"NCT00242775","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Comparison of the Efficacy/Safety of Symbicort® Turbuhaler®,Seretide™ Diskus™ 50/500 µg & Terbutaline Turbuhaler® 0.4 mg","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"AstraZeneca","startDate":"2005-05","conditions":"Asthma","enrollment":2100},{"nctId":"NCT00252785","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Efficacy & Safety of Symbicort® TURBUHALER® 160/4.5 µg Twice Daily & Pulmicort® TURBUHALER® 200 µg Twice Daily + Theolong® Tablet 200 mg Twice Daily in Japanese Asthmatic Patients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"AstraZeneca","startDate":"2005-10","conditions":"Asthma","enrollment":340},{"nctId":"NCT00244608","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Comparison of the Control of Asthma Provided by Symbicort® Turbuhaler® Versus Symbicort® Turbuhaler® Plus Pulmicort® Turbuhaler® Plus Terbutaline Turbuhaler®","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"AstraZeneca","startDate":"2005-05","conditions":"Asthma","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT00326053","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Prevention of Asthma Relapse After Discharge From Emergency","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"AstraZeneca","startDate":"2006-05","conditions":"Asthma","enrollment":600},{"nctId":"NCT00288379","phase":"PHASE3","title":"SMILDA - Symbicort®Turbuhaler® Allergan Challenge Study in Allergic Patients With Mild Asthma","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"AstraZeneca","startDate":"2004-10","conditions":"Asthma","enrollment":16},{"nctId":"NCT00255255","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Safety & Efficacy of Symbicort® Turbuhaler® (1, 2, and 4 x 160/4.5 µg Twice Daily) in Japanese Patients With Asthma","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"AstraZeneca","startDate":"2005-11","conditions":"Asthma","enrollment":120},{"nctId":"NCT00206154","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Comparison of Symbicort® pMDI 2 x 160/4.5 μg Bid and Symbicort® pMDI 2 x 80/4.5 μg Bid With Formoterol Turbuhaler®, Budesonide pMDI, the Combination of Formoterol Turbuhaler® and Budesonide pMDI, and Placebo in COPD Patients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"AstraZeneca","startDate":"2005-04","conditions":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","enrollment":1500},{"nctId":"NCT00252863","phase":"PHASE3","title":"DESOLO - SiT Peri-Launch: A Comparison of Symbicort Single Inhaler Therapy and Conventional Best Practice for the Treatment of Persistent Asthma in Adults","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"AstraZeneca","startDate":"2004-12","conditions":"Asthma","enrollment":1600}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":0,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"phase_3","status":"active","brandName":"Formoterol Turbuhaler 4.5 µg","genericName":"Formoterol Turbuhaler 4.5 µg","companyName":"AstraZeneca","companyId":"astrazeneca","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Formoterol is a long-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that binds to beta-2 receptors on airway smooth muscle, causing relaxation and bronchodilation. Used for Asthma maintenance therapy, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) maintenance therapy.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}