{"id":"evening-primrose-oil-epo","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"5–15","effect":"Gastrointestinal upset (nausea, dyspepsia, abdominal discomfort)"},{"rate":"2–5","effect":"Headache"},{"rate":"1–3","effect":"Rash or skin irritation"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Bleeding or bruising (rare, with anticoagulants)"}]},"_chembl":{"chemblId":"CHEMBL2107910","moleculeType":"Unknown"},"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"EPO is rich in omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly GLA. Once ingested, GLA is metabolized to DGLA and downstream eicosanoids that compete with pro-inflammatory arachidonic acid metabolites, thereby reducing inflammatory cytokine production and modulating immune responses. This mechanism is thought to reduce joint inflammation, pain, and disease progression in inflammatory conditions.","oneSentence":"Evening primrose oil provides gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid that is converted to anti-inflammatory metabolites, primarily dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) and arachidonic acid derivatives.","_ai_confidence":"medium"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T01:11:49.777Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Rheumatoid arthritis (Phase 3)"},{"name":"Inflammatory joint disease"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT06214598","phase":"NA","title":"Anti-Inflammatory Diet in BRC Patients on Aromatase Inhibitors","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"University of Belgrade","startDate":"2024-03-01","conditions":"Breast Cancer","enrollment":90},{"nctId":"NCT03516253","phase":"NA","title":"Fish Oil and EPO in Breast Cancer","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"University of Belgrade","startDate":"2019-02-20","conditions":"Breast Cancer","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT03698734","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Evening Primrose Oil Efficacy in Second Trimester Abortion","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Ain Shams University","startDate":"2018-11-01","conditions":"Missed Abortion","enrollment":100}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":146,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"phase_3","status":"active","brandName":"Evening primrose oil(EPO)","genericName":"Evening primrose oil(EPO)","companyName":"Ain Shams University","companyId":"ain-shams-university","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Evening primrose oil provides gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid that is converted to anti-inflammatory metabolites, primarily dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) and arachidonic acid derivatives. Used for Rheumatoid arthritis (Phase 3), Inflammatory joint disease.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}