{"id":"esl","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"20–30","effect":"Dizziness"},{"rate":"15–25","effect":"Somnolence"},{"rate":"10–15","effect":"Headache"},{"rate":"10–15","effect":"Diplopia"},{"rate":"10–15","effect":"Nausea"},{"rate":"5–10","effect":"Hyponatremia"},{"rate":"5–10","effect":"Ataxia"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":{"setId":"d279e461-2611-4f5c-938d-5d117612894f","title":"ESLICARBAZEPINE ACETATE TABLET [TORRENT PHARMACEUTICALS LIMITED]"},"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"ESL is a prodrug that is rapidly converted to eslicarbazepine, its active metabolite, which selectively blocks inactivated voltage-gated sodium channels. This reduces repetitive neuronal firing and propagation of seizure activity. The drug also has weak inhibitory effects on calcium channels, contributing to its anticonvulsant properties.","oneSentence":"ESL (eslicarbazepine acetate) is a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker that reduces neuronal excitability and stabilizes seizure threshold.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T01:51:49.522Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_as_a_second_or_foreign_language","title":"English as a second or foreign language","extract":"English as a second or foreign language refers to the use of English by individuals whose native language is different, commonly among students learning to speak and write English. Variably known as English as a foreign language (EFL), English as a second language (ESL), English for speakers of other languages (ESOL), English as an additional language (EAL), or English as a new language (ENL), these terms denote the study of English in environments where it is not the dominant language. Programs such as ESL are designed as academic courses to instruct non-native speakers in English proficiency, encompassing both learning in English-speaking nations and abroad."},"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Partial-onset seizures (adjunctive therapy)"},{"name":"Partial-onset seizures (monotherapy)"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT06597084","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Anti-epileptogenic Effects of Eslicarbazepine Acetate","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Bial - Portela C S.A.","startDate":"2019-05-29","conditions":"Post Stroke Epilepsy","enrollment":129},{"nctId":"NCT02283814","phase":"PHASE1","title":"A Open-label, Drug Interaction Study Between Eslicarbazepine Acetate and Topiramate","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Bial - Portela C S.A.","startDate":"2007-01","conditions":"Epilepsy","enrollment":32},{"nctId":"NCT02283788","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Trial to Evaluate the Effect of Eslicarbazepine Acetate on Cardiac Repolarization","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Bial - Portela C S.A.","startDate":"2007-03","conditions":"Epilepsy","enrollment":67},{"nctId":"NCT01879345","phase":"PHASE1","title":"A Study to Evaluate the Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of Two Single and Multiple High Dose Regimens of BIA 2-093 In Healthy Volunteers","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Bial - 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