{"id":"epinephrine-injection","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Tachycardia"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Hypertension"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Tremor"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Anxiety or nervousness"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Headache"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Palpitations"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Arrhythmias"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":{"setId":"9e8d0318-b2fe-4084-aedf-de97f61605a8","title":"XYLOCAINE (LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE, EPINEPHRINE BITARTRATE INJECTION, SOLUTION) INJECTION, SOLUTION [HENRY SCHEIN, INC]"},"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Epinephrine acts as both an alpha-1 and beta-1/beta-2 adrenergic agonist. Alpha-1 activation causes vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure; beta-1 activation increases heart rate and cardiac contractility; beta-2 activation causes bronchial smooth muscle relaxation. These combined effects make it the primary emergency treatment for anaphylaxis and severe allergic reactions.","oneSentence":"Epinephrine is a catecholamine that binds to alpha and beta adrenergic receptors, causing rapid increases in heart rate, blood pressure, and bronchial dilation.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:29:28.819Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Anaphylaxis (acute allergic reaction)"},{"name":"Severe hypotension or shock"},{"name":"Cardiac arrest (asystole or pulseless electrical activity)"},{"name":"Acute bronchospasm"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT07066306","phase":"NA","title":"Effects of Local Ketamine in Orthognathic Procedures","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Bezmialem Vakif University","startDate":"2025-06-21","conditions":"Dentofacial Deformities, Analgesia, Vomiting, Postoperative","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT07361874","phase":"NA","title":"IMPACT-MACS: Adrenalectomy vs Semaglutide for Metabolic Outcomes in Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","startDate":"2026-03-05","conditions":"Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion (MACS), Autonomous Cortisol Secretion (ACS), Subclinical Cushing's","enrollment":75},{"nctId":"NCT00004847","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Diagnosis of Pheochromocytoma","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)","startDate":"2000-03-22","conditions":"Pheochromocytoma, Endocrine Disease, Endocrine Diseases","enrollment":3000},{"nctId":"NCT06749158","phase":"NA","title":"Radiographic and Histological Assessment of GBR Using DBB Compared to Spontaneous Bone Regeneration of Maxillary Defects , Resulted From Enucleation of Intra-bony Cystic Lesions","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Cairo University","startDate":"2024-12-30","conditions":"Maxillary Cyst","enrollment":44},{"nctId":"NCT07094542","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Jaw Muscle Pain Post Wisdom Molar Surgery","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","startDate":"2026-05","conditions":"Post Operative Pain, Impacted Third Molar Tooth, Muscle Pain","enrollment":80},{"nctId":"NCT03663335","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Study of Efficacy, Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetic (PK) and Pharmacodynamic (PD) of an Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody, CFZ533, in Kidney Transplant Recipients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Novartis Pharmaceuticals","startDate":"2018-11-28","conditions":"Kidney Transplantation","enrollment":418},{"nctId":"NCT05492578","phase":"PHASE2, PHASE3","title":"Long-Term Safety and Efficacy Evaluation of Amlitelimab in Participants of Previous Amlitelimab Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis Clinical Trials","status":"ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION","sponsor":"Sanofi","startDate":"2022-08-22","conditions":"Dermatitis Atopic","enrollment":1663},{"nctId":"NCT06112548","phase":"NA","title":"The Efficiency of Periarticular Multimodal Drug Injection in Pain Management Following Primary Unilateral TKA","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Damascus University","startDate":"2024-03-01","conditions":"Arthritis Knee, Pain, Arthroplasty Complications","enrollment":80},{"nctId":"NCT06550024","phase":"NA","title":"SakuraBead Used as Resorbable Embolic for Genicular Artery Embolization","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"CrannMed","startDate":"2024-11-28","conditions":"Osteo Arthritis Knee, Joint Diseases, Musculoskeletal Diseases","enrollment":89},{"nctId":"NCT06618599","phase":"NA","title":"Mid-transverse Process Combined With Erector Spinae Block Versus Paravertebral Plane Block","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Cairo University","startDate":"2024-10-01","conditions":"Lung Cancer","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT07474714","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Hyaluronic Acid Injection in Idiopathic Carpal Tunnel Syndrome; is it Effective as Local Corticosteroids","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Minia University Hospital","startDate":"2026-02","conditions":"Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT06818175","phase":"NA","title":"Physical Exam, Static & Dynamic Ultrasound Assessment, & Treatment of Thoracolumbar Fascia (TLF) Mediated Low Back Pain","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Edward Via Virginia College of Osteopathic Medicine","startDate":"2023-09-01","conditions":"Low Back Pain, Chronic Low-back Pain, Acute Low Back Pain","enrollment":200},{"nctId":"NCT07340463","phase":"PHASE2","title":"The Efficacy and Safety of Biologics (Belimumab/ Telitacicept) Induction Therapy in Proliferative Lupus Nephritis Patients for 6 Months Compared With Mycophenolate Mofetil Treatment","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Nanjing University School of Medicine","startDate":"2025-12-08","conditions":"Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Lupus Nephritis (LN)","enrollment":50},{"nctId":"NCT07468604","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Cervicothoracic Sympathetic Block Evaluation for Post COVID Condition","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"University Health Network, Toronto","startDate":"2026-04-01","conditions":"Autonomic Dysfunction","enrollment":78},{"nctId":"NCT06353529","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Postop Pain Management in Pituitary Tumour Patients","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation","startDate":"2024-11-25","conditions":"Pituitary, Pain, Postoperative","enrollment":108},{"nctId":"NCT05292664","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Venetoclax Basket Trial for High Risk Hematologic Malignancies","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Andrew E. Place, MD","startDate":"2023-03-29","conditions":"Myelodysplastic Syndromes, de Novo, Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Secondary, Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Previously Treated","enrollment":30},{"nctId":"NCT06917937","phase":"NA","title":"The Additive Effect of Exercise in Addition to Corticosteroid Injection in Plantar Fasciitis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Kutahya Health Sciences University","startDate":"2018-09-16","conditions":"Plantar Fascitis","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT06979596","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Study of MK-5684 in People With Certain Solid Tumors (MK-5684-015/OMAHA-015)","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC","startDate":"2025-08-11","conditions":"Malignant Neoplasm","enrollment":250},{"nctId":"NCT05844930","phase":"PHASE4","title":"A Study to Determine the Safety and Effectiveness of a Connective Tissue Allograft (ActiveMatrix) Verses Standard of Care in Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston","startDate":"2023-01-03","conditions":"Adhesive Capsulitis","enrollment":56},{"nctId":"NCT07383103","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Hydrocortisone and Fludrocortisone for the Treatment of Septic Shock","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital","startDate":"2026-03-02","conditions":"Septic Shock","enrollment":336},{"nctId":"NCT07442721","phase":"NA","title":"Sacral ESPB vs. PENG Block for Hip Hemiarthroplasty Analgesia","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Fayoum University Hospital","startDate":"2026-02-01","conditions":"Hip Arthroplasty, Hip Fracture Surgeries, Femoral Neck Fractures","enrollment":80},{"nctId":"NCT03237481","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Phase 3 Herniorrhaphy Study for Postoperative Analgesia (EPOCH 2)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Heron Therapeutics","startDate":"2017-07-31","conditions":"Postoperative Pain","enrollment":418},{"nctId":"NCT03015532","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Total Knee Arthroplasty Infiltration Study for Postoperative Analgesia","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Heron Therapeutics","startDate":"2017-01-13","conditions":"Postoperative Pain","enrollment":285},{"nctId":"NCT03295721","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Bunionectomy Study for Postoperative Analgesia (EPOCH 1)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Heron Therapeutics","startDate":"2017-10-24","conditions":"Postoperative Pain","enrollment":412},{"nctId":"NCT07442071","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Impact of Low Dose Epinephrine in the Management of Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest on Neurological Outcome","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Central Hospital, Nancy, France","startDate":"2026-06","conditions":"Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA)","enrollment":4336},{"nctId":"NCT06429501","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Local Anesthesia for Facial Fractures","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Washington University School of Medicine","startDate":"2024-04-02","conditions":"Pain Management","enrollment":70},{"nctId":"NCT07144267","phase":"NA","title":"Comparison of Milrinone and Epinephrine on TAPSE","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Mansoura University","startDate":"2026-03-01","conditions":"Cardiac Anaesthesia, Cardiopulmonary Bypass","enrollment":102},{"nctId":"NCT04293562","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study to Compare Standard Chemotherapy to Therapy With CPX-351 and/or Gilteritinib for Patients With Newly Diagnosed AML With or Without FLT3 Mutations","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Children's Oncology Group","startDate":"2020-07-21","conditions":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia","enrollment":1186},{"nctId":"NCT05156710","phase":"PHASE2","title":"BIVV020 (SAR445088) in Prevention and Treatment of Antibody-mediated Rejection (AMR)","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Sanofi","startDate":"2022-06-09","conditions":"Transplant Rejection","enrollment":48},{"nctId":"NCT07431424","phase":"NA","title":"Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation Versus Steroid Injection for Stump Neuroma","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Gaziler Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Education and Research Hospital","startDate":"2023-01-08","conditions":"Stump Neuroma, Residual Limb Pain, Lower Extremity Amputation","enrollment":26},{"nctId":"NCT05978687","phase":"PHASE4","title":"The Use of Lidocaine Gel Versus Subconjunctival Xylocaine Injection in Pterygium Excision","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","startDate":"2023-09-01","conditions":"Pterygium","enrollment":41},{"nctId":"NCT03252938","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Feasibility and Safety of IMP321 (Eftilagimod Alpha) for Advanced Stage Solid Tumors","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Institut für Klinische Krebsforschung IKF GmbH at Krankenhaus Nordwest","startDate":"2017-08-15","conditions":"Solid Tumors, Peritoneal Carcinomatosis, NSCLC Adenocarcinoma","enrollment":83},{"nctId":"NCT05436535","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Longitudinal Endotyping Of Atopic Dermatitis Through Transcriptomic Skin Analysis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)","startDate":"2022-11-21","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":433},{"nctId":"NCT05149638","phase":"NA","title":"Updated Diagnostic Cortisol Values for Adrenal Insufficiency","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Montefiore Medical Center","startDate":"2022-02-03","conditions":"Adrenal Insufficiency","enrollment":90},{"nctId":"NCT06241118","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Subcutaneous Amlitelimab on Background Topical Corticosteroids Therapy in Participants Aged 12 Years and Older With Moderate-to-severe AD Who Have Had an Inadequate Response to Prior Biologic Therapy or an Oral JAK Inhibitor","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Sanofi","startDate":"2024-02-29","conditions":"Dermatitis Atopic","enrollment":390},{"nctId":"NCT04967391","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Tumescence in HNC Skin Graft Reconstruction","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"University of California, Davis","startDate":"2021-09-01","conditions":"Head and Neck Cancer, Surgery--Complications, Graft Failure","enrollment":58},{"nctId":"NCT05029726","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Regional Anesthesia in Minimally Invasive Lumbar Spine Surgery","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"John O'Toole","startDate":"2022-02-01","conditions":"Lumbar Spinal Stenosis, Lumbar Disc Herniation, Lumbar Spondylolisthesis","enrollment":125},{"nctId":"NCT07217405","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Radiotherapy Compared to Corticosteroid Injection for Treatment of Hand Osteoarthritis","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Mayo Clinic","startDate":"2025-12-19","conditions":"Osteoarthritis Hand, Osteoarthritis Wrist","enrollment":165},{"nctId":"NCT06886815","phase":"NA","title":"Popliteal Nerve Block for Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture Repair Surgery","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Women's College Hospital","startDate":"2026-02","conditions":"Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture","enrollment":80},{"nctId":"NCT07409896","phase":"NA","title":"Comparison of Anesthetic Efficacy OF 2% Lidocaine Inferior Alveolar Nerve (IANB) Block Versus Primary Buccal Infilteration With 4% Articaine in Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis(SIP) IN Mandibular First Molars","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Pakistan","startDate":"2026-02-01","conditions":"Anesthetic Efficacy","enrollment":330},{"nctId":"NCT06955923","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Trigger Point Injection in Reducing Pain Following Total Knee Arthroplasty","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"David Grant U.S. Air Force Medical Center","startDate":"2025-05-30","conditions":"Trigger Point Pain, Myofascial","enrollment":11},{"nctId":"NCT07403578","phase":"NA","title":"Effect of Cryotherapy on Anesthetic Success and Pain in Irreversible Pulpitis","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"TC Erciyes University","startDate":"2026-01-30","conditions":"Irreversible Pulpitis, Cryotherapy","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT05603468","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Effect of PRP vs Corticosteroid in Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy Subtypes in Arthroscopic Repair","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University","startDate":"2022-12-15","conditions":"Tendinopathy","enrollment":387},{"nctId":"NCT07392580","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Intralesional Chemotherapy (IC): Cisplatin + Epinephrine","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"University of Miami","startDate":"2026-04-01","conditions":"Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","enrollment":20},{"nctId":"NCT04918147","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Elotuzumab in Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease (IgG4-RD)","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)","startDate":"2021-10-13","conditions":"IgG4 Related Disease, IgG4-RD","enrollment":8},{"nctId":"NCT03715517","phase":"NA","title":"Spinal Anesthesia For Enhanced Recovery After Liver Surgery","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"University of Manitoba","startDate":"2018-10-04","conditions":"Hepatectomy, Pain, Postoperative, Liver Neoplasms","enrollment":128},{"nctId":"NCT07318298","phase":"NA","title":"Effect of Injectable Hyaluronic Acid (HYADENT BG (HA)) on Bone Healing in Extraction Sockets","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Jordan University of Science and Technology","startDate":"2024-08-01","conditions":"The Application of Hyaluronic Acid on Teeth Bone Healing. Hyaluronic Acid Which is Widely Used in Medicine for Joint, Eye Care, Wound Healing","enrollment":20},{"nctId":"NCT07077486","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Effects of Telitacicept vs Cyclophosphamide on Lupus Related Interstitial Lung Disease","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Tongji Hospital","startDate":"2025-08-25","conditions":"Lupus or SLE, Interstitial Lung Disease, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT03970655","phase":"PHASE1, PHASE2","title":"Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Study","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"University of Florida","startDate":"2019-09-25","conditions":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis (Diagnosis)","enrollment":80},{"nctId":"NCT06546254","phase":"NA","title":"1% Lidocaine Paracervical Block for Endometrial Biopsy","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Mount Sinai Hospital, Canada","startDate":"2025-06-19","conditions":"Endometrial Biopsy","enrollment":96},{"nctId":"NCT07370233","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Triple Therapy Strategy for Managing Persistent Pain After Spinal Microdiscectomy","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Benha University","startDate":"2023-02-20","conditions":"Spinal Disk Injury","enrollment":63},{"nctId":"NCT03467919","phase":"PHASE3","title":"The Effect of Micro Fragmented Adipose Tissue (MFAT) on Knee Osteoarthritis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Stanford University","startDate":"2018-04-01","conditions":"Osteoarthritis, Knee, Knee Pain","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT07363876","phase":"NA","title":"The Efficacy of Ultrasonication in Combination With Corticosteroid Intraarticular Injection for Arthritis","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Taichung Veterans General Hospital","startDate":"2025-12-29","conditions":"Arthritis, Ultrasonication, Intra-articular Injections","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT07081867","phase":"","title":"Comparison of Sacral Erector Spinae Plane Block and Supra-Inguinal Fascia Iliaca Block for Analgesia After Hip Fracture Surgery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascıoglu Education and Research Hospital Organization","startDate":"2025-01-15","conditions":"Hip Fracture Surgery, Postoperative Pain Management, Regional Anesthesia","enrollment":77},{"nctId":"NCT07068243","phase":"PHASE2","title":"REctus Sheath Trial","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Duke University","startDate":"2026-05","conditions":"Acute Pain, Postoperative Pain, Acute","enrollment":25},{"nctId":"NCT06694714","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Split Face Study of the Duration of Local Anesthetics - Fourth Arm","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Weill Medical College of Cornell University","startDate":"2025-01-21","conditions":"Anesthesia, Local","enrollment":35},{"nctId":"NCT06401317","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Corticosteroid Against Saline Injections for Thumb Osteoarthritis (CASITOA)","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières","startDate":"2025-11-04","conditions":"Trapeziometacarpal Osteoarthritis","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT07338916","phase":"NA","title":"Dose-Finding Study: MEV90 for Local Anesthetic in Interscalene Block for Supraclavicular Nerves Block","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Hospital del Trabajador de Santiago","startDate":"2026-02","conditions":"Brachial Plexus Blockade, Shoulder Surgery, Superficial Cervical Plexus Block","enrollment":55},{"nctId":"NCT04859764","phase":"NA","title":"Effect of Reparel Knee Sleeve With Knee Injection","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","startDate":"2022-06-29","conditions":"Osteoarthritis, Knee","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT05559359","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study of Lebrikizumab (LY3650150) in Participants 6 Months to <18 Years of Age With Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Eli Lilly and Company","startDate":"2022-10-18","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis, Eczema","enrollment":367},{"nctId":"NCT07351383","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Topical Cryoanesthesia Versus Benzocaine in Pediatric Dentistry","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosí","startDate":"2025-06-15","conditions":"Local Anesthetic Infiltration, Topical Anesthesia, Pain Perception","enrollment":28},{"nctId":"NCT07126483","phase":"NA","title":"Thoracic Paravertebral Block vs Intrathecal Morphine in VATS","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Ondokuz Mayıs University","startDate":"2025-08-18","conditions":"Postoperative Acute Pain, Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery, Intrathechal Morphine","enrollment":70},{"nctId":"NCT07092566","phase":"PHASE3","title":"R.E.C.K vs Exparel in Robotic Nephrectomy","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Wake Forest University Health Sciences","startDate":"2025-11-14","conditions":"Renal Carcinoma, Nephrectomy / Methods, Pain Management","enrollment":170},{"nctId":"NCT05345613","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Tranexamic Acid During Colonic Endoscopic Resection Procedures","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Assaf-Harofeh Medical Center","startDate":"2022-05-01","conditions":"Colon Neoplasm","enrollment":200},{"nctId":"NCT06701175","phase":"NA","title":"Knee Arthroscopy for Pain Control","status":"WITHDRAWN","sponsor":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","startDate":"2025-12","conditions":"Knee Arthroscopy","enrollment":""},{"nctId":"NCT07323329","phase":"PHASE2, PHASE3","title":"Growth Hormone and Dehydroepiandrosterone Role in Vitro Fertilization","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Beni-Suef University","startDate":"2025-10-10","conditions":"Infertility, Infertility (IVF Patients)","enrollment":165},{"nctId":"NCT06837909","phase":"NA","title":"Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Versus Wound Infiltration for Pulmonary Function Preservation Following Laparoscopic Living Donor Nephrectomy","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Rabin Medical Center","startDate":"2026-01-01","conditions":"Postoperative Pain","enrollment":80},{"nctId":"NCT04706026","phase":"NA","title":"A Pilot Study of Local Anesthesia for Inguinal Hernia Surgery in Older Adults","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"University of Wisconsin, Madison","startDate":"2024-10-23","conditions":"Inguinal Hernia, Anesthesia, Local","enrollment":80},{"nctId":"NCT07108465","phase":"EARLY_PHASE1","title":"Comparative Experimental Study Between Bupivacaine and Ropivacaine Regarding Efficacy in Third Molar Removal Surgery Under General Anesthesia","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Henrique Tedesco","startDate":"2025-07-01","conditions":"Third Molars Extraction","enrollment":15},{"nctId":"NCT05747469","phase":"EARLY_PHASE1","title":"Use of Allograft Adipose Matrix for Small Joint Arthritis of the Hand","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","startDate":"2023-08-28","conditions":"Osteoarthritis Hand","enrollment":34},{"nctId":"NCT05468320","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Caplacizumab and Immunosuppressive Therapy Without Firstline Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Adults With Immune-mediated Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Sanofi","startDate":"2022-11-21","conditions":"Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura","enrollment":51},{"nctId":"NCT06450028","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Lidocaine Versus Bupivacaine in Orthognathic Surgery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Boston Children's Hospital","startDate":"2024-07-26","conditions":"Pain, Postoperative, Numbness, Temperature Sensation","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT05444517","phase":"NA","title":"Interscalene Block Versus Combined Infraclavicular-Anterior Suprascapular Blocks for Shoulder Surgery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Chile","startDate":"2023-06-13","conditions":"Pain, Postoperative, Shoulder Pain, Surgical Procedure, Unspecified","enrollment":50},{"nctId":"NCT07302490","phase":"NA","title":"Ultrasound-Guided Suprascapular Nerve RFA vs Steroid-Local Anesthetic Injection in Chronic Shoulder Pain","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Nida Koçer Nazlıgül","startDate":"2025-07-27","conditions":"Chronic Shoulder Pain, Shoulder Impingement Syndrome, Rotator Cuff-Related Shoulder Pain","enrollment":104},{"nctId":"NCT07289321","phase":"NA","title":"Tramadol / Magnesium in Ropivacaine Solution in UG-bilateral TAP Block and Analgesia in Robotic Radical Prostatectomy","status":"ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION","sponsor":"Aretaieion University Hospital","startDate":"2025-12-09","conditions":"Perioperative Pain in Robotic Prostatectomy","enrollment":90},{"nctId":"NCT06712290","phase":"NA","title":"Connective Tissue Matrix Compared to Steroid Injections for Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy","status":"WITHDRAWN","sponsor":"Allegheny Singer Research Institute (also known as Allegheny Health Network Research Institute)","startDate":"2024-11-25","conditions":"Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy","enrollment":""},{"nctId":"NCT07298616","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Huaxi Tunnel Technique For Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Exposure And Dissection In Thyroid Surgery","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"West China Hospital","startDate":"2025-03-01","conditions":"Patients Undergoing Open Thyroid Surgery","enrollment":700},{"nctId":"NCT06680869","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Early Amiodarone in Shockable Cardiac Arrest","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Oregon Health and Science University","startDate":"2025-01-01","conditions":"Cardiac Arrest","enrollment":585},{"nctId":"NCT07291388","phase":"NA","title":"Effectiveness of Retrolaminar Block in Lumbar Spine Fusion With Multimodal Analgesia","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","startDate":"2025-12","conditions":"Acute Pain, Anesthesia, Lumbar Spine Disease","enrollment":44},{"nctId":"NCT06809998","phase":"PHASE1, PHASE2","title":"COntralateral CorticoSTeroid Injection in Total Knee Arthroplasty","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Unity Health Toronto","startDate":"2025-01-24","conditions":"Total Knee Anthroplasty, Osteoarthritis(Primary), Osteoarthritis (OA) of the Knee","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT06236009","phase":"PHASE1","title":"A First-In-Human Study of TAK-004 in Healthy Adults","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Takeda","startDate":"2024-11-01","conditions":"Healthy Volunteers","enrollment":121},{"nctId":"NCT07278323","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Frozen Shoulder and Hormone Replacement Therapy","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"University of California, San Francisco","startDate":"2026-01-01","conditions":"Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder, Frozen Shoulder","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT07276906","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Comparing Intramuscular Fentanyl and Ketorolac With Nerve of Arnold (NOA) Block for Bilateral Myringotomy","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"University of South Alabama","startDate":"2026-01","conditions":"Postoperative Pain","enrollment":300},{"nctId":"NCT07239817","phase":"NA","title":"PENG Block + LIA For Endoprosthesis Surgery With Anterior Approach","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"ASST Gaetano Pini-CTO","startDate":"2025-12-01","conditions":"Hip Fractures, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Pain, Postoperative","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT06852066","phase":"NA","title":"Comparison of Computer-Assisted and Conventional Local Anesthesia Methods in Mandibular Impacted Third Molar Surgery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University","startDate":"2025-03-01","conditions":"Molar, Third, Surgery, Oral, Anxiety","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT05663320","phase":"NA","title":"A Study of a Virtual Education-Based Transition Intervention to Improve Transition Readiness in Adolescent and Young Adults With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia","status":"WITHDRAWN","sponsor":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)","startDate":"2025-12-09","conditions":"Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia","enrollment":""},{"nctId":"NCT02325063","phase":"NA","title":"Evaluation of Three Types of Injection for the Treatment of Lateral Epicondylalgia","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nīmes","startDate":"2015-12-17","conditions":"Epicondylitis, Lateral Humeral, Tennis Elbow","enrollment":13},{"nctId":"NCT07083063","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Precise Endoscopic Application of Nitroglycerin in Preventing Post-ERCP Pancreatitis","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"National Cheng-Kung University Hospital","startDate":"2025-09-15","conditions":"Pancreatitis","enrollment":440},{"nctId":"NCT05335070","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Reducing Pain From Wisdom Molar Extractions","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","startDate":"2022-09-13","conditions":"Acute Pain","enrollment":20},{"nctId":"NCT05507164","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Characterization of the Temporo-masseteric Nerve Block (TMNB) in Healthy Subjects","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","startDate":"2022-10-10","conditions":"Occlusion","enrollment":20},{"nctId":"NCT07268495","phase":"NA","title":"The Impact of Intraperitoneal Spray Combined With Intravenous Lidocaine on Postoperative Pain After Myomectomy","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University","startDate":"2024-08-01","conditions":"Postoperative Pain","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT07257926","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Prevention of Delayed Post-polypectomy Bleeding by Endoscopic Sucralfate Spray in High-risk Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"National Cheng-Kung University Hospital","startDate":"2025-12-15","conditions":"Bleeding After GI Endoscopy","enrollment":160},{"nctId":"NCT06224348","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Subcutaneous Amlitelimab in Participants Aged 12 Years and Older With Moderate-to-severe Atopic Dermatitis on Background Topical Corticosteroids","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Sanofi","startDate":"2024-01-18","conditions":"Dermatitis Atopic","enrollment":643},{"nctId":"NCT06948045","phase":"NA","title":"RESTRUCTURING THE MANDIBULAR ANGLE IN FACIAL AGING: A NOVEL TECNIQUE USING POLY-L-LACTIC ACID","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Doris Hexsel","startDate":"2026-02-01","conditions":"Skin Laxity, Facial Aging","enrollment":46},{"nctId":"NCT06872567","phase":"NA","title":"Randomized Controlled Study Evaluating Genicular Artery Embolization Against Intra-Articular Corticosteroid Knee Injection for Osteoarthritic Knee Pain","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"North American Science Associates Ltd.","startDate":"2025-10-01","conditions":"Knee Osteoarthritis (Knee OA)","enrollment":126},{"nctId":"NCT05465382","phase":"NA","title":"Intra Articular Ankle Fractures","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Duke University","startDate":"2022-07-22","conditions":"Intra-Articular Fractures","enrollment":41},{"nctId":"NCT07210320","phase":"PHASE1","title":"PK/PD Study of IN-001 Sublingual Spray in Healthy Adults","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Insignis Therapeutics, Inc.","startDate":"2025-10-24","conditions":"Food Allergy, Anaphylaxis, Food Hypersensitivity","enrollment":30},{"nctId":"NCT06929585","phase":"NA","title":"Genicular Artery Embolization (GAE) vs inTra-articular Corticosteroid Injection for Osteoarthritic Knee Pain.","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"National Taiwan University Hospital","startDate":"2025-03-25","conditions":"Osteoarthritis (OA) of the Knee","enrollment":1},{"nctId":"NCT07040865","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Randomized Comparison of Contrast Agents Gadopiclenol and Gadobutrol in the Workup of Incidental Renal and Adrenal Findings","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Insel Gruppe AG, University Hospital Bern","startDate":"2025-08-18","conditions":"Suspect Renal and Adrenal Imaging Findings","enrollment":104},{"nctId":"NCT06927726","phase":"NA","title":"Assessment of Anesthetic Efficacy and Hemodynamic Stability of Two LA Drugs for Hypertensive Patients","status":"ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION","sponsor":"Tanta University","startDate":"2025-01-10","conditions":"Hypertension","enrollment":60}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[{"count":286,"reaction":"PRODUCT QUALITY ISSUE"},{"count":112,"reaction":"DEVICE FAILURE"},{"count":74,"reaction":"OFF LABEL USE"},{"count":60,"reaction":"LIQUID PRODUCT PHYSICAL ISSUE"},{"count":42,"reaction":"DRUG INEFFECTIVE"},{"count":38,"reaction":"DRUG INEFFECTIVE FOR UNAPPROVED INDICATION"},{"count":36,"reaction":"PRODUCT USE IN UNAPPROVED INDICATION"},{"count":26,"reaction":"DRUG INTERACTION"},{"count":24,"reaction":"ACCIDENTAL EXPOSURE TO PRODUCT"},{"count":24,"reaction":"PRODUCT STORAGE ERROR"}],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":540,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":["Adrenaline"],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Epinephrine Injection","genericName":"Epinephrine Injection","companyName":"London Health Sciences Centre Research Institute OR Lawson Research Institute of St. Joseph's","companyId":"london-health-sciences-centre-research-institute-or-lawson-research-institute-of","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Epinephrine is a catecholamine that binds to alpha and beta adrenergic receptors, causing rapid increases in heart rate, blood pressure, and bronchial dilation. Used for Anaphylaxis (acute allergic reaction), Severe hypotension or shock, Cardiac arrest (asystole or pulseless electrical activity).","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":1,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}