{"id":"comparator-placebo-to-aprepitant","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Fatigue"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Headache"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Dizziness"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Constipation"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Hiccups"}]},"_chembl":{"chemblId":"CHEMBL4303169","moleculeType":"Small molecule","molecularWeight":"534.43"},"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Aprepitant crosses the blood-brain barrier and selectively antagonizes NK1 receptors, which are involved in the emetic response to chemotherapy. By blocking substance P, a key neurotransmitter in nausea and vomiting pathways, it provides delayed emesis prevention that complements 5-HT3 antagonists and corticosteroids. This mechanism is particularly effective for highly emetogenic chemotherapy regimens.","oneSentence":"Aprepitant is a neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist that blocks substance P signaling in the chemoreceptor trigger zone and vomiting center to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T01:07:04.362Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Prevention of acute and delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy"},{"name":"Prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT01697579","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Study of the Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Safety and Tolerability of Fosaprepitant for the Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV) in Children (MK-0517-029)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC","startDate":"2012-12-13","conditions":"Chemotherapy-induced Nausea and Vomiting","enrollment":240},{"nctId":"NCT01362530","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Aprepitant for the Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV) in Pediatric Participants (MK-0869-208)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC","startDate":"2011-09-13","conditions":"Chemotherapy Induced Nausea and Vomiting","enrollment":307},{"nctId":"NCT01732458","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Study to Evaluate Aprepitant for the Prevention of Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting in Children (MK-0869-219)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC","startDate":"2013-02-12","conditions":"Post-operative Nausea, Post-operative Vomiting","enrollment":229},{"nctId":"NCT01594749","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Efficacy and Safety of Fosaprepitant Dimeglumine in Preventing Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (MK-0517-031)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC","startDate":"2012-09-24","conditions":"Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV)","enrollment":1015},{"nctId":"NCT00952341","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Aprepitant/MK0869 for Prevention of Chemotherapy Induced Nausea and Vomiting Associated With Cisplatin (0869-169)(COMPLETED)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC","startDate":"2009-08-25","conditions":"Chemotherapy-induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV)","enrollment":421},{"nctId":"NCT00337727","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Aprepitant for the Prevention of Chemotherapy Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV)(0869-130)(COMPLETED)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC","startDate":"2007-01-01","conditions":"Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting","enrollment":848},{"nctId":"NCT00835965","phase":"NA","title":"Oral Aprepitant and Lower Dose Dexamethasone Versus Aprepitant Alone for Preventing Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) After Elective Laparoscopic Surgeries","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Main Line Health","startDate":"2009-02","conditions":"Nausea, Vomiting","enrollment":50}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":69,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"phase_3","status":"active","brandName":"Comparator: Placebo to aprepitant","genericName":"Comparator: Placebo to aprepitant","companyName":"Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC","companyId":"merck","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Aprepitant is a neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist that blocks substance P signaling in the chemoreceptor trigger zone and vomiting center to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Used for Prevention of acute and delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy, Prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":1,"withResults":1},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}