{"id":"combination-pd-1-pd-l1-ici-vegfr-tki","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Hypertension"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Fatigue"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Diarrhea"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Immune-related adverse events (pneumonitis, hepatitis, colitis)"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Proteinuria"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Hand-foot skin reaction"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors release the brakes on T-cell-mediated immunity, allowing immune cells to attack cancer cells more effectively. VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors block tumor blood vessel formation and have been shown to enhance immune infiltration into tumors. The combination leverages complementary mechanisms: immunotherapy plus anti-angiogenic therapy, which can improve response rates in solid tumors.","oneSentence":"This combination blocks PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoints to enhance T-cell anti-tumor activity while simultaneously inhibiting VEGFR tyrosine kinases to suppress tumor angiogenesis and promote anti-angiogenic immune effects.","_ai_confidence":"medium"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T01:06:47.100Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Advanced or metastatic solid tumors (specific indication under investigation in phase 3)"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT07175480","phase":"PHASE2","title":"PET/CT-Directed Free of Therapy for Metastatic RCC Patients With IMDC Favorable or Intermediate Risk","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Jinling Hospital, China","startDate":"2025-01-24","conditions":"Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC), Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC)","enrollment":30},{"nctId":"NCT03170960","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Study of Cabozantinib Alone or in Combination With Atezolizumab to Subjects With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Exelixis","startDate":"2017-09-05","conditions":"Urothelial Carcinoma, Renal Cell Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer","enrollment":914},{"nctId":"NCT05219318","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Treatment Pause Versus Treatment Continuation in IMDC Good or Intermediate Risk With Only One Adverse Prognostic Factor in mRCC Patients With an Objective Response at 12 Months of Treatment With PD1/ PDL1 ICIs + VEGFR-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"University Hospital, Bordeaux","startDate":"2023-01-23","conditions":"Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma, Good or Only One Adverse Prognostic Factor Intermediate Risk Per IMDC Score","enrollment":22}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":2,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"phase_3","status":"active","brandName":"Combination PD-1/PD-L1 ICI + VEGFR-TKI","genericName":"Combination PD-1/PD-L1 ICI + VEGFR-TKI","companyName":"University Hospital, Bordeaux","companyId":"university-hospital-bordeaux","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"This combination blocks PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoints to enhance T-cell anti-tumor activity while simultaneously inhibiting VEGFR tyrosine kinases to suppress tumor angiogenesis and promote anti-angiogenic immune effects. Used for Advanced or metastatic solid tumors (specific indication under investigation in phase 3).","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}