{"id":"cinobufacini-injection","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Nausea and vomiting"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Gastrointestinal discomfort"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Cardiac arrhythmias"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Electrolyte imbalance"}]},"_chembl":{"chemblId":"CHEMBL2108760","moleculeType":"Unknown"},"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Cinobufacini acts as a cardiac glycoside-like agent that interferes with Na+/K+-ATPase and triggers apoptotic pathways in malignant cells. It has been shown to inhibit tumor cell growth, induce differentiation, and modulate immune responses. The drug is used in traditional Chinese medicine-based oncology and is believed to work through both direct cytotoxic effects and immunomodulatory mechanisms.","oneSentence":"Cinobufacini is a bufadienolide compound derived from toad venom that inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in cancer cells through multiple pathways.","_ai_confidence":"medium"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:40:17.548Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Hepatocellular carcinoma"},{"name":"Gastric cancer"},{"name":"Lung cancer"},{"name":"Other solid tumors (as adjunctive therapy in traditional Chinese medicine practice)"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT03843229","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Clinical Trial of Cinobufacini Combined With Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) on Primary Liver Cancer","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University","startDate":"2019-01-27","conditions":"Liver Cancer","enrollment":90},{"nctId":"NCT02530398","phase":"PHASE1","title":"A Tolerance Trial of Cinobufacini Injection Intraperitoneal Perfusion on Digestive System Cancer With Ascites","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine","startDate":"2015-07","conditions":"Digestive System Cancer, Malignant Ascites","enrollment":48},{"nctId":"NCT02860429","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Clinical Trial of Cinobufacini Injection Combined With Oxaliplatin Regimen on Gastrointestine Carcinoma","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Xiaonan Cui","startDate":"2016-09","conditions":"Gastrointestinal Neoplasms","enrollment":120},{"nctId":"NCT01236690","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Study of Hepatoma Treated by Perfusing Cinobufacin Through Hepatic Artery Combining Embolotherapy","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Changhai Hospital","startDate":"2010-11","conditions":"Hepatoma, Cinobufacin Injection","enrollment":284}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":0,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Cinobufacini Injection","genericName":"Cinobufacini Injection","companyName":"Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine","companyId":"dongfang-hospital-beijing-university-of-chinese-medicine","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Cinobufacini is a bufadienolide compound derived from toad venom that inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in cancer cells through multiple pathways. Used for Hepatocellular carcinoma, Gastric cancer, Lung cancer.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}