{"id":"ciclosporin-soft-capsules","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"25-50","effect":"Nephrotoxicity"},{"rate":"25-50","effect":"Hypertension"},{"rate":"10-25","effect":"Tremor"},{"rate":"10-30","effect":"Gingival hyperplasia"},{"rate":"10-25","effect":"Hirsutism"},{"rate":"10-20","effect":"Headache"},{"rate":"20-40","effect":"Infection"},{"rate":"10-20","effect":"Hyperkalemia"}]},"_chembl":{"chemblId":"CHEMBL160","moleculeType":"Protein","molecularWeight":"1202.63"},"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Ciclosporin binds to cyclophilin and inhibits calcineurin phosphatase, preventing dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells). This blocks the production of interleukin-2 and other cytokines essential for T-cell proliferation and immune response, making it a potent immunosuppressant used to prevent organ rejection and treat autoimmune conditions.","oneSentence":"Ciclosporin is a calcineurin inhibitor that suppresses T-cell activation by blocking the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T00:18:22.167Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Organ transplant rejection prophylaxis"},{"name":"Autoimmune diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis)"},{"name":"Nephrotic syndrome"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT01282073","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Mycophenolate Mofetil in Patients With Progressive Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Kyungpook National University Hospital","startDate":"2011-03","conditions":"Glomerulonephritis, Membranous","enrollment":43},{"nctId":"NCT05839314","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Effect of Huaier Granule on the Treatment of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","startDate":"2023-05-09","conditions":"Nephropathy, Glomerular Diseases, Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy","enrollment":480},{"nctId":"NCT02998645","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Eltrombopag Combined With Cyclosporine as First Line Therapy in Patients With Severe Acquired Aplastic Anemia","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Novartis Pharmaceuticals","startDate":"2017-05-11","conditions":"Severe Aplastic Anemia","enrollment":54},{"nctId":"NCT04532918","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Pharmacokinetics of Verinurad and Allopurinol in Combination With Cyclosporine and Rifampicin in Healthy Volunteers","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"AstraZeneca","startDate":"2020-09-10","conditions":"Chronic Kidney Disease","enrollment":14},{"nctId":"NCT05088174","phase":"PHASE1","title":"A Trial of Hetrombopag in Healthy Subjects","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Jiangsu HengRui Medicine Co., Ltd.","startDate":"2020-09-03","conditions":"Sever Aplastic Anaemia","enrollment":26},{"nctId":"NCT02370550","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Cyclosporine A in the TReatment of Interstitial Pneumonitis Associated With Sjogren's Syndrome","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Peking University People's Hospital","startDate":"2015-03","conditions":"Sjogren's Syndrome","enrollment":240},{"nctId":"NCT02281370","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Drug-drug Interaction Study of Eltrombopag and Cyclosporine in Healthy Subjects","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"GlaxoSmithKline","startDate":"2014-11-05","conditions":"Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic","enrollment":39},{"nctId":"NCT01410448","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Everolimus in de Novo Kidney Transplant Recipients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Novartis Pharmaceuticals","startDate":"2011-11","conditions":"Kidney Transplantation","enrollment":383},{"nctId":"NCT00087581","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Study of Therapeutic Monitoring of Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF/CellCept) After Kidney Transplantation","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Hoffmann-La Roche","startDate":"2004-06","conditions":"Kidney Transplantation","enrollment":720},{"nctId":"NCT01023815","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Once-a-day Regimen With Everolimus, Low Dose Cyclosporine and Steroids in Comparison With Steroid Withdrawal or Twice a Day Regimen With Everolimus, Low Dose Cyclosporine and Steroids.","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Novartis","startDate":"2009-04","conditions":"de Novo Kidney Transplant Recipients, Renal Transplantation","enrollment":330},{"nctId":"NCT01596062","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Pharmacodynamics, Efficacy and Safety of Basiliximab 40 or 80 mg in Combination With Ciclosporine Microemulsion or Everolimus, in Adult Low Risk de Novo Renal Transplant Recipients (IDEALE Study)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Novartis Pharmaceuticals","startDate":"2012-03","conditions":"Renal Transplantation","enrollment":16},{"nctId":"NCT01079143","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Progression of Renal Interstitial Fibrosis / Tubular Atrophy (IF/TA) According to Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and Immunosuppressive Regimen (Everolimus Based Versus CNI Based) in de Novo Renal Transplant Recipients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Novartis Pharmaceuticals","startDate":"2009-09","conditions":"Renal Interstitial Fibrosis","enrollment":194},{"nctId":"NCT00438360","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Efficacy and Safety of Cyclosporine A Microemulsion in Maintenance Patients With Chronic Plaque Psoriasis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Novartis Pharmaceuticals","startDate":"2006-05","conditions":"Chronic Plaque Psoriasis","enrollment":243}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":5,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Ciclosporin soft capsules","genericName":"Ciclosporin soft capsules","companyName":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","companyId":"chinese-pla-general-hospital","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Ciclosporin is a calcineurin inhibitor that suppresses T-cell activation by blocking the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Used for Organ transplant rejection prophylaxis, Autoimmune diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis), Nephrotic syndrome.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}