{"id":"cefazolin-sodium","rwe":[],"_fda":{"id":"fb2f076a-22b3-46e0-86c8-7678e89c9edf","set_id":"17f8f038-c204-4dab-80d7-6f7ac41ddbec","openfda":{"unii":["P380M0454Z"],"route":["INTRAVENOUS"],"rxcui":["1665050","1665060","2630753"],"spl_id":["fb2f076a-22b3-46e0-86c8-7678e89c9edf"],"brand_name":["Cefazolin Sodium"],"spl_set_id":["17f8f038-c204-4dab-80d7-6f7ac41ddbec"],"package_ndc":["0264-3103-11","0264-3105-11","0264-3107-11"],"product_ndc":["0264-3103","0264-3105","0264-3107"],"generic_name":["CEFAZOLIN SODIUM"],"product_type":["HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG"],"substance_name":["CEFAZOLIN SODIUM"],"manufacturer_name":["B. Braun Medical Inc."],"application_number":["NDA050779"],"is_original_packager":[true]},"version":"31","pregnancy":["8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Available data from published prospective cohort studies, case series and case reports over several decades with cephalosporin use, including cefazolin, in pregnant women have not established a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Cefazolin crosses the placenta. Animal reproduction studies with rats, mice and rabbits administered cefazolin during organogenesis at doses 1 to 3 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) did not demonstrate adverse developmental outcomes. In rats subcutaneously administered cefazolin prior to delivery and throughout lactation, there were no adverse effects on offspring at a dose approximately 2 times the MRHD (see Data) . The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Data Human Data While available studies cannot definitively establish the absence of risk, published data from case-control studies and case reports over several decades have not identified an association with cephalosporin use during pregnancy and major birth defects, miscarriage, or other adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Available studies have methodologic limitations, including small sample size, retrospective data collection, and inconsistent comparator groups. Animal Data Reproduction studies have been performed in rats, mice and rabbits administered cefazolin during organogenesis at doses of 2000, 4000 and 240 mg/kg/day (approximately 1 to 3 times the maximum recommended human dose on a body surface area comparison). There was no evidence of any adverse effects on embryofetal development due to cefazolin. In a peri-postnatal study in rats, cefazolin administered subcutaneously up to 1200 mg/kg/day (approximately 2 times the MRHD based on body surface area comparison) to pregnant dams prior to delivery and through lactation caused no adverse effects on offspring."],"overdosage":["10 OVERDOSAGE Accidental overdosage resulting in seizures may occur in patients with renal impairment who receive doses greater than the recommended dosage of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ]. If seizures associated with accidental overdosage occur, discontinue Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection and give supportive treatment."],"references":["15 REFERENCES Czarny D, Prichard PJ, Fennessy M, Lewis S. Anaphylactoid reaction to 50% solution of dextrose. Med J Aust 1980;2:255-258. Guharoy, SR, Barajas M. Probably Anaphylactic Reaction to Corn-Derived Dextrose Solution. Vet Hum Toxicol 1991;33:609-610."],"description":["11 DESCRIPTION Cefazolin for Injection USP and Dextrose Injection USP is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, single-dose, packaged combination of Cefazolin Sodium USP (lyophilized) and sterile iso-osmotic diluent in the DUPLEX ® sterile container. The DUPLEX ® Container is a flexible dual chamber container. After reconstitution the approximate osmolality for Cefazolin for Injection USP and Dextrose Injection USP is 290 mOsmol/kg. The drug chamber is filled with sterile lyophilized Cefazolin Sodium USP, a semi-synthetic cephalosporin and has the following IUPAC nomenclature: Sodium ( 6R,7R )-3-[[(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thio]methyl]-8-oxo-7-[2-(1 H -tetrazol-1-yl)acetamido]-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate. Its empirical formula is C 14 H 13 N 8 NaO 4 S 3 and its molecular weight is 476.48. Cefazolin Sodium USP has the following structural formula: The sodium content is 48 mg/g of cefazolin sodium. The diluent chamber contains Dextrose Injection USP, an iso-osmotic diluent using Hydrous Dextrose USP in Water for Injection USP. Dextrose Injection USP is sterile, nonpyrogenic, and contains no bacteriostatic or antimicrobial agents. Its empirical formula is C 6 H 12 O 6 •H 2 O and its molecular weight is 198.17. Hydrous Dextrose USP has the following structural (molecular) formula: Cefazolin Sodium USP is supplied as a lyophilized form equivalent to either 1 gram, 2 grams or 3 grams of cefazolin. The 1 gram / container Cefazolin Sodium USP contains 1 gram of cefazolin (equivalent to 1.048 grams of cefazolin sodium). The 2 grams / container Cefazolin Sodium USP contains 2 grams of cefazolin (equivalent to 2.096 grams of cefazolin sodium). The 3 grams / container Cefazolin Sodium USP contains 3 grams of cefazolin (equivalent to 3.145 grams of cefazolin sodium). Dextrose Hydrous USP has been added to the diluent (Water for Injection USP) to adjust osmolality (approximately 2 grams [4% w/v], 1.5 grams [3% w/v] and 1 gram [2% w/v] for the 1 gram, 2 gram or 3 gram dosages, respectively). After removing the peelable foil strip, activating the seals, and thoroughly mixing, the reconstituted drug product is intended for single intravenous use. The pH of reconstituted solutions of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is 3.5 to 7.0. Reconstituted solutions of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection range in color from pale yellow to amber. Not made with natural rubber latex, PVC or DEHP. The DUPLEX ® dual chamber container is made from a specially formulated material. The product (diluent and drug) contact layer is a mixture of thermoplastic rubber and a polypropylene ethylene copolymer that contains no plasticizers. The safety of the container system is supported by USP biological evaluation procedures. Cefazolin Sodium USP has the following structural formula Hydrous Dextrose USP has the following structural (molecular) formula"],"how_supplied":["16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING Cefazolin for Injection USP and Dextrose Injection USP in the single-dose DUPLEX ® Container is a flexible dual chamber container supplied in three concentrations. After reconstitution, the concentrations are equivalent to either 1 gram, 2 grams or 3 grams of cefazolin. The diluent chamber contains approximately 50 mL of Dextrose Injection USP. Dextrose Injection USP has been adjusted to 4%, 3% and 2% for the 1 gram, 2 gram and 3 gram doses, respectively, such that the reconstituted solution is iso-osmotic. Cefazolin for Injection USP and Dextrose Injection USP is supplied sterile and nonpyrogenic in the DUPLEX ® Container packaged 24 units per case. NDC REF Dose Volume 0264-3103-11 3103-11 1 gram 50 mL 0264-3105-11 3105-11 2 grams 50 mL 0264-3107-11 3107-11 3 grams 50 mL Store the unactivated unit at 20-25°C (68-77°F). Excursions permitted to 15-30°C (59-86°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.] Do not freeze. As with other cephalosporins, reconstituted Cefazolin for Injection USP and Dextrose Injection USP tends to darken depending on storage conditions, within the stated recommendations. However, product potency is not adversely affected. Use only if prepared solution is clear and free from particulate matter [see Dosage and Administration (2.5) ]."],"microbiology":["12.4 Microbiology Mechanism of Action Cefazolin is a bactericidal agent that acts by inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Resistance Predominant mechanisms of bacterial resistance to cephalosporins include the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and enzymatic hydrolysis. Antimicrobial Activity Cefazolin has been shown to be active against most isolates of the following microorganisms, both in vitro and in clinical infections [see Indications and Usage (1) ] . Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus epidermidis Streptococcus agalactiae Streptococcus pneumoniae Streptococcus pyogenes Methicillin-resistant staphylococci are uniformly resistant to cefazolin. Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli Proteus mirabilis Most isolates of indole positive Proteus (Proteus vulgaris) , Enterobacter spp ., Morganella morganii, Providencia rettgeri, Serratia spp ., and Pseudomonas spp. are resistant to cefazolin. Susceptibility Testing For specific information regarding susceptibility test interpretive criteria, and associated test methods and quality control standards recognized by FDA for this drug, please see: http://www.fda.gov/STIC ."],"geriatric_use":["8.5 Geriatric Use Of the 920 subjects who received cefazolin in clinical studies, 313 (34%) were 65 years and over, while 138 (15%) were 75 years and over. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these subjects and younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out. This drug is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function [see Dosage and Administration (2. 4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ]."],"pediatric_use":["8.4 Pediatric Use Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is indicated for the treatment of respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, skin and skin structure infections, biliary tract infections, bone and joint infections, genital infections, septicemia, and endocarditis in pediatric patients for whom appropriate dosing with this formulation can be achieved, and for perioperative prophylaxis in pediatric patients aged 10 to 17 years old [see Indications and Usage (1.1 to 1.9)] . Safety and effectiveness of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection in premature infants and neonates have not been established and is not recommended for use in this age group of pediatric patients. Dosing for cefazolin in pediatric patients younger than one month old has not been established. Because of the limitations of the available strengths and administration requirements (i.e., administration of fractional doses is not recommended) of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection, and to avoid unintentional overdose, this product is not recommended for use if a dose of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection that does not equal 1 gram or 2 grams is required and an alternative formulation of cefazolin should be considered [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 , 2.3 , 2.4 and 2.5 )] . The safety and effectiveness of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection for perioperative prophylaxis have been established in pediatric patients aged 10 to 17 years old. Use of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection in these age groups is supported by evidence from adults with additional safety and pharmacokinetic data in pediatric patients aged 10 to 17 years old. Safety and pharmacokinetics were evaluated in two multicenter, non-comparative studies (Study 1 and Study 2). These studies were conducted to assess the safety and pharmacokinetics of a single 30-minute infusion of either 1 gram or 2 grams (based on weight) of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection for perioperative prophylaxis in pediatric patients. Study 1 evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetics of 1 gram of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection in pediatric patients aged 10 to 17 years old scheduled for surgery with a weight of at least 25 kg but less than 60 kg and, 2 grams in pediatric patients with a weight of at least 60 kg. Study 2 evaluated 1 gram of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection in pediatric patients aged 10 to 12 years old scheduled for surgery with a weight of at least 25 kg but less than 50 kg and, 2 grams in pediatric patients with a weight of at least 50 kg to less than 85 kg [see Dosage and Administration (2.3) , Adverse Reactions (6.1) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . The safety and effectiveness of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection for perioperative prophylaxis have not been established in pediatric patients younger than 10 years old."],"effective_time":"20250310","pharmacodynamics":["12.2 Pharmacodynamics The pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship for cefazolin has not been evaluated in patients."],"pharmacokinetics":["12.3 Pharmacokinetics Studies have shown that following intravenous administration of cefazolin to normal volunteers, mean serum concentrations peaked at approximately 185 mcg/mL and were approximately 4 mcg/mL at 8 hours for a 1 gram dose. The serum half-life for cefazolin is approximately 1.8 hours following IV administration. In a study of constant intravenous infusion with dosages of 3.5 mg/kg for 1 hour (approximately 250 mg) and 1.5 mg/kg the next 2 hours (approximately 100 mg) in healthy volunteers, cefazolin serum concentrations at the third hour were approximately 28 mcg/mL. Plasma pharmacokinetic parameters of cefazolin in healthy volunteers (N=12) following a single 15-minute IV infusion of 2 grams of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection are summarized in Table 7. Table 7: Mean (Standard Deviation) Plasma Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Cefazolin in Healthy Volunteers Dosage of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection N C max (mcg/mL) T max T max reported as median (range) (h) AUC 0-inf (mcg*h/mL) t 1/2 (h) CL (L/h) V z (L) Single 2 grams Dose as a 15-Minute IV Infusion 12 280.9 (45.9) 0.25 (0.25-0.33) 509.9 (89.3) 2.01 (0.28) 4.03 (0.68) 11.50 (1.53) N= number of subjects observed; C max = maximum plasma concentration; T max = time to maximum plasma concentration; AUC 0-inf = area under the plasma concentration-time curve extrapolated to infinity; t 1/2 = apparent plasma terminal elimination half-life; CL = total clearance; V z = volume of distribution Model derived plasma pharmacokinetic parameters of cefazolin in adult patients weighing 120 kg or greater (N=12) following a single 30-minute IV infusion of 3 grams of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection are summarized in Table 8. Table 8: Mean (Standard Deviation) Model Derived Plasma Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Cefazolin in Adult Patients Weighing ≥ 120 kg Dosage of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection N C max (mcg/mL) T max (h) AUC 0--inf (mcg*h/mL) t 1/2 (h) CL (L/h ) Vz (L) Single 3 grams Dose as a 30-Minute IV Infusion 12 197.7 (46.6) 0.5 598.6 (206.6) 2.36 (0.687) 5.52 (1.72) 17.51 (3.63) * T max reported based on infusion duration N= number of subjects observed; C max = maximum plasma concentration; T max = time to maximum plasma concentration; AUC 0-inf = area under the plasma concentration-time curve extrapolated to infinity; t 1/2 = apparent plasma terminal elimination half-life; CL = total clearance; V z = volume of distribution Studies in patients hospitalized with infections indicate that cefazolin mean peak serum concentrations were approximately equivalent to those seen in healthy volunteers. Bile concentrations in patients without obstructive biliary disease can reach or exceed serum concentrations by up to five times; however, in patients with obstructive biliary disease, bile concentrations of cefazolin are considerably lower than serum concentrations (less than 1.0 mcg/mL). In synovial fluid, the cefazolin concentration becomes comparable to that reached in serum at about 4 hours after drug administration. Studies of cord blood show prompt transfer of cefazolin across the placenta. Cefazolin is present in very low concentrations in the milk of nursing mothers. Cefazolin is excreted unchanged in the urine. In the first 6 hours, approximately 60% of the drug is excreted in the urine and this increases to 70% to 80% within 24 hours. Specific Populations Pediatric Patients for Perioperative Prophylaxis A simulation based on pharmacokinetic data from healthy adults (n=24), pediatric patients aged 10 to 17 years (n=26: Study 1 [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) ] ), and pediatric patients aged 10 to 12 years (n=12: Study 2 [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) ] indicate that the administration of a 1 gram cefazolin dose for pediatric patients weighing less than 50 kg and a 2 gram cefazolin dose for those weighing 50 kg or greater will provide comparable exposures between pediatric patients aged 10 to 17 years and healthy adults receiving 2 grams Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 and 2.3 ) and Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ]."],"adverse_reactions":["6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following serious adverse reactions to Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection are described below and elsewhere in the labeling: Hypersensitivity Reactions to Cefazolin, Cephalosporins, Penicillins, or Other Beta-lactams [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Seizures in Patients with Renal Impairment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Clostridioides difficile -associated Diarrhea [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] Prothrombin Activity [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.5) ] Adult and Pediatric Patients : Most common adverse reactions: gastrointestinal (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), and allergic reactions (anaphylaxis, urticaria, skin rash). ( 6 ) Pediatric Patients with Perioperative Prophylaxis: The most frequently reported adverse reactions (incidence ≥ 5%) were nausea, infusion site pain, and headache. ( 6 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact B. Braun Medical Inc. at 1-800-854-6851 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch . 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The following adverse reactions were reported from clinical trials: Gastrointestinal: Diarrhea, oral candidiasis (oral thrush), mouth ulcers, vomiting, nausea, stomach cramps, epigastric pain, heartburn, flatus, anorexia and pseudomembranous colitis. Onset of pseudomembranous colitis symptoms may occur during or after antibacterial treatment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] . Allergic: Anaphylaxis, eosinophilia, urticaria, itching, drug fever, skin rash, Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Hematologic: Neutropenia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, thrombocythemia. Hepatic: Transient rise in SGOT, SGPT, and alkaline phosphatase levels has been observed. Reports of hepatitis have been received. Renal: Reports of increased BUN and creatinine levels, as well as renal failure, have been received. Local Reactions: Instances of phlebitis have been reported at site of injection. Some induration has occurred. Other Reactions: Pruritus (including genital, vulvar and anal pruritus, genital moniliasis, and vaginitis). Dizziness, fainting, lightheadedness, confusion, weakness, tiredness, hypotension, somnolence and headache. Adverse Reactions in Pediatric Patients for Perioperative Prophylaxis Two studies (Study 1: NCT 3231228 and Study 2: NCT 01904357) were conducted to assess the safety and pharmacokinetics of a single 30-minute infusion of either 1 gram or 2 grams (based on weight) of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection for perioperative prophylaxis in pediatric patients. Study 1 was a multicenter, open-label, non-comparative, parallel group study to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of a single 30-minute infusion of either 1 gram or 2 grams (based on weight) of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection for perioperative prophylaxis in 61 pediatric patients 10 to 17 years of age. Thirty-three subjects with a weight of at least 25 kg but less than 60 kg received a single-dose of 1 gram of cefazolin and 28 subjects with a weight of at least 60 kg received a single-dose of 2 grams of cefazolin. The mean age of the safety population was 14 years and ranged from 10 to 17 years. There were no adverse reactions leading to study discontinuation or deaths reported during the study. The most frequently reported adverse reactions were nausea (14.8%), infusion site pain (6.6%), and headache (4.9%). Study 2 was a multicenter, non-comparative study that evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetics of a single 30-minute infusion of either 1 gram or 2 grams (based on weight) of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection for perioperative prophylaxis in 12 pediatric patients 10 to 12 years of age. Subjects weighing at least 25 kg to less than 50 kg received a single-dose of 1 gram of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection and subjects weighing at least 50 kg to less than 85 kg received a single-dose of 2 grams of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection. The safety findings in Study 2 in pediatric patients aged 10 to 12 years old were similar to those observed in adult patients and the pediatric patients aged 10 to 17 years old in Study 1. 6.2 Postmarketing Experience The following adverse reactions have been identified during post approval use of cefazolin. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Immune system disorders: Serum sickness-like reaction Renal and urinary disorders: Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) 6.3 Cephalosporin-class Adverse Reactions In addition to the adverse reactions listed above that have been observed in patients treated with cefazolin, the following adverse reactions and altered laboratory tests have been reported for cephalosporin-class antibacterials: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme, toxic epidermal necrolysis, renal impairment, toxic nephropathy, aplastic anemia, hemolytic anemia, hemorrhage, a fall in prothrombin activity, hepatic impairment including cholestasis, and pancytopenia."],"contraindications":["4 CONTRAINDICATIONS Hypersensitivity to cefazolin or other cephalosporin class antibacterial drugs, penicillins, or other beta-lactams ( 4.1 ) 4.1 Hypersensitivity to Cefazolin or the Cephalosporin Class of Antibacterial Drugs, Penicillins, or Other Beta-lactams Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is contraindicated in patients who have a history of immediate hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis, serious skin reactions) to cefazolin or the cephalosporin class of antibacterial drugs, penicillins, or other beta-lactams [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] ."],"drug_interactions":["7 DRUG INTERACTIONS The renal excretion of cefazolin is inhibited by probenecid. Co-administration of probenecid with Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is not recommended. Probenecid: The renal excretion of cefazolin is inhibited by probenecid. Co-administration of probenecid with cefazolin for injection is not recommended. ( 7 )"],"how_supplied_table":["
NDC REF Dose Volume
0264-3103-11 3103-11 1 gram 50 mL
0264-3105-11 3105-11 2 grams 50 mL
0264-3107-11 3107-11 3 grams 50 mL
"],"labor_and_delivery":["8.2 Lactation Data from published literature report that cefazolin is present in human milk, but is not expected to accumulate in a breastfed infant. There are no data on the effects of cefazolin on the breastfed child or on milk production. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection or from the mother’s underlying condition."],"mechanism_of_action":["12.1 Mechanism of Action Cefazolin is an antibacterial drug [see Microbiology (12.4) ]."],"recent_major_changes":["RECENT MAJOR CHANGES Indications and Usage, Perioperative Prophylaxis ( 1.9 ) 12/2019 Dosage and Administration, Dosage for Treatment of Indicated Infections in Pediatric Patients ( 2.3 ) 12/2019 Dosage and Administration, Dosage for Perioperative Prophylactic Use in Pediatric Patients Aged 10 to 17 ( 2.4 ) 12/2019 Dosage and Administration, Dosage in Pediatric Patients with Renal Impairment ( 2.6 ) 12/2019 Dosage and Administration, Dosage for Perioperative Prophylaxis ( 2.3 ) 8/2024 Warnings and Precautions, Prothrombin Activity ( 5.5 ) 8/2024"],"clinical_pharmacology":["12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 12.1 Mechanism of Action Cefazolin is an antibacterial drug [see Microbiology (12.4) ]. 12.2 Pharmacodynamics The pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship for cefazolin has not been evaluated in patients. 12.3 Pharmacokinetics Studies have shown that following intravenous administration of cefazolin to normal volunteers, mean serum concentrations peaked at approximately 185 mcg/mL and were approximately 4 mcg/mL at 8 hours for a 1 gram dose. The serum half-life for cefazolin is approximately 1.8 hours following IV administration. In a study of constant intravenous infusion with dosages of 3.5 mg/kg for 1 hour (approximately 250 mg) and 1.5 mg/kg the next 2 hours (approximately 100 mg) in healthy volunteers, cefazolin serum concentrations at the third hour were approximately 28 mcg/mL. Plasma pharmacokinetic parameters of cefazolin in healthy volunteers (N=12) following a single 15-minute IV infusion of 2 grams of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection are summarized in Table 7. Table 7: Mean (Standard Deviation) Plasma Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Cefazolin in Healthy Volunteers Dosage of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection N C max (mcg/mL) T max T max reported as median (range) (h) AUC 0-inf (mcg*h/mL) t 1/2 (h) CL (L/h) V z (L) Single 2 grams Dose as a 15-Minute IV Infusion 12 280.9 (45.9) 0.25 (0.25-0.33) 509.9 (89.3) 2.01 (0.28) 4.03 (0.68) 11.50 (1.53) N= number of subjects observed; C max = maximum plasma concentration; T max = time to maximum plasma concentration; AUC 0-inf = area under the plasma concentration-time curve extrapolated to infinity; t 1/2 = apparent plasma terminal elimination half-life; CL = total clearance; V z = volume of distribution Model derived plasma pharmacokinetic parameters of cefazolin in adult patients weighing 120 kg or greater (N=12) following a single 30-minute IV infusion of 3 grams of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection are summarized in Table 8. Table 8: Mean (Standard Deviation) Model Derived Plasma Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Cefazolin in Adult Patients Weighing ≥ 120 kg Dosage of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection N C max (mcg/mL) T max (h) AUC 0--inf (mcg*h/mL) t 1/2 (h) CL (L/h ) Vz (L) Single 3 grams Dose as a 30-Minute IV Infusion 12 197.7 (46.6) 0.5 598.6 (206.6) 2.36 (0.687) 5.52 (1.72) 17.51 (3.63) * T max reported based on infusion duration N= number of subjects observed; C max = maximum plasma concentration; T max = time to maximum plasma concentration; AUC 0-inf = area under the plasma concentration-time curve extrapolated to infinity; t 1/2 = apparent plasma terminal elimination half-life; CL = total clearance; V z = volume of distribution Studies in patients hospitalized with infections indicate that cefazolin mean peak serum concentrations were approximately equivalent to those seen in healthy volunteers. Bile concentrations in patients without obstructive biliary disease can reach or exceed serum concentrations by up to five times; however, in patients with obstructive biliary disease, bile concentrations of cefazolin are considerably lower than serum concentrations (less than 1.0 mcg/mL). In synovial fluid, the cefazolin concentration becomes comparable to that reached in serum at about 4 hours after drug administration. Studies of cord blood show prompt transfer of cefazolin across the placenta. Cefazolin is present in very low concentrations in the milk of nursing mothers. Cefazolin is excreted unchanged in the urine. In the first 6 hours, approximately 60% of the drug is excreted in the urine and this increases to 70% to 80% within 24 hours. Specific Populations Pediatric Patients for Perioperative Prophylaxis A simulation based on pharmacokinetic data from healthy adults (n=24), pediatric patients aged 10 to 17 years (n=26: Study 1 [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) ] ), and pediatric patients aged 10 to 12 years (n=12: Study 2 [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) ] indicate that the administration of a 1 gram cefazolin dose for pediatric patients weighing less than 50 kg and a 2 gram cefazolin dose for those weighing 50 kg or greater will provide comparable exposures between pediatric patients aged 10 to 17 years and healthy adults receiving 2 grams Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 and 2.3 ) and Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ]. 12.4 Microbiology Mechanism of Action Cefazolin is a bactericidal agent that acts by inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Resistance Predominant mechanisms of bacterial resistance to cephalosporins include the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and enzymatic hydrolysis. Antimicrobial Activity Cefazolin has been shown to be active against most isolates of the following microorganisms, both in vitro and in clinical infections [see Indications and Usage (1) ] . Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus epidermidis Streptococcus agalactiae Streptococcus pneumoniae Streptococcus pyogenes Methicillin-resistant staphylococci are uniformly resistant to cefazolin. Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli Proteus mirabilis Most isolates of indole positive Proteus (Proteus vulgaris) , Enterobacter spp ., Morganella morganii, Providencia rettgeri, Serratia spp ., and Pseudomonas spp. are resistant to cefazolin. Susceptibility Testing For specific information regarding susceptibility test interpretive criteria, and associated test methods and quality control standards recognized by FDA for this drug, please see: http://www.fda.gov/STIC ."],"indications_and_usage":["1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is a cephalosporin antibacterial indicated for: Treatment of the following infections caused by susceptible isolates of the designated microorganisms in adult and pediatric patients for whom appropriate dosing with this formulation can be achieved: ( 1 ) Respiratory tract infections ( 1.1 ) Urinary tract infections ( 1.2 ) Skin and skin structure infections ( 1.3 ) Biliary tract infections ( 1.4 ) Bone and joint infections ( 1.5 ) Genital infections ( 1.6 ) Septicemia ( 1.7 ) Endocarditis ( 1.8 ) Perioperative prophylaxis in adults and pediatric patients aged 10 to 17 years old for whom appropriate dosing with this formulation can be achieved ( 1.9 ) To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection and other antibacterial drugs, Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by bacteria. ( 1.10 ). 1.1 Respiratory Tract Infections Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is indicated for the treatment of respiratory tract infections due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes in adults and pediatric patients for whom appropriate dosing with this formulation can be achieved [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.1 , 2.2 , 2.4 , 2.5 ) and Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ] . Limitations of Use Injectable benzathine penicillin is considered the drug of choice in treatment and prevention of streptococcal infections, including the prophylaxis of rheumatic fever. Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is indicated for the eradication of streptococci from the nasopharynx; however, data establishing the efficacy of cefazolin in the subsequent prevention of rheumatic fever are not available. 1.2 Urinary Tract Infections Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is indicated for the treatment of urinary tract infections due to Escherichia coli , and Proteus mirabilis in adults and pediatric patients for whom appropriate dosing with this formulation can be achieved [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.1 , 2.2 , 2.4 , 2.5 ) and Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ]. 1.3 Skin and Skin Structure Infections Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is indicated for the treatment of skin and skin structure infections due to S. aureus , S. pyogenes , and Streptococcus agalactiae in adults and pediatric patients for whom appropriate dosing with this formulation can be achieved [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.1 , 2.2 , 2.4 , 2.5 ) and Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ]. 1.4 Biliary Tract Infections Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is indicated for the treatment of biliary infections due to E. coli , various isolates of streptococci, P. mirabilis , and S. aureus in adults and pediatric patients for whom appropriate dosing with this formulation can be achieved [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.1 , 2.2 , 2.4 , 2.5 ) and Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ]. 1.5 Bone and Joint Infections Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is indicated for the treatment of bone and joint infections due to S. aureus in adults and pediatric patients for whom appropriate dosing with this formulation can be achieved [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.1 , 2.2 , 2.4 , 2.5 ) and Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ]. 1.6 Genital Infections Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is indicated for the treatment of genital infections due to E. coli , and P. mirabilis in adults and pediatric patients for whom appropriate dosing with this formulation can be achieved [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.1 , 2.2 , 2.4 , 2.5) and Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ]. 1.7 Septicemia Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is indicated for the treatment of septicemia due to S. pneumoniae , S. aureus , P. mirabilis , and E. coli in adults and pediatric patients for whom appropriate dosing with this formulation can be achieved [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.1 , 2.2 , 2.4 , 2.5 ) and Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ]. 1.8 Endocarditis Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is indicated for the treatment of endocarditis due to S. aureus and S. pyogenes in adults and pediatric patients for whom appropriate dosing with this formulation can be achieved [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.1 , 2.2 , 2.4 , 2.5 ) and Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ]. 1.9 Perioperative Prophylaxis Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is indicated for perioperative prophylaxis in adults and pediatric patients aged 10 to 17 years old for whom appropriate dosing with this formulation can be achieved [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.1 , 2.3 , 2.4 , 2.5 ) and Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ] . The perioperative use of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is indicated in adult and pediatric (aged 10 to 17 years old) surgical patients in whom infection at the operative site would present a serious risk (e.g., during open-heart surgery and prosthetic arthroplasty). The prophylactic administration of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively may reduce the incidence of certain postoperative infections in patients undergoing surgical procedures which are classified as contaminated or potentially contaminated (e.g., vaginal hysterectomy, and cholecystectomy in high-risk patients such as those older than 70 years, with acute cholecystitis, obstructive jaundice, or common duct bile stones). 1.10 Usage To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection and other antibacterial drugs, Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy."],"warnings_and_cautions":["5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Hypersensitivity reactions: Cross-hypersensitivity may occur in up to 10% of patients with a history of penicillin allergy. If an allergic reaction occurs, discontinue the drug. ( 5.1 ) Clostridioides difficile -associated Diarrhea (CDAD): May range from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis. Evaluate if diarrhea occurs. ( 5.3 ) Prothrombin Activity : May be associated with a fall in prothrombin activity. Prothrombin time should be monitored in patients at risk and exogenous vitamin K administered as indicated ( 5.5 ) 5.1 Hypersensitivity Reactions to Cefazolin, Cephalosporins, Penicillins, or Other Beta-lactams Serious and occasionally fatal hypersensitivity (anaphylactic) reactions have been reported in patients receiving beta-lactam antibacterial drugs. Before therapy with Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is instituted, careful inquiry should be made to determine whether the patient has had previous immediate hypersensitivity reactions to cefazolin, cephalosporins, penicillins, or carbapenems. Exercise caution if this product is to be given to penicillin-sensitive patients because cross-hypersensitivity among beta-lactam antibacterial drugs has been clearly documented and may occur in up to 10% of patients with a history of penicillin allergy. If an allergic reaction to Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection occurs, discontinue the drug. 5.2 Seizures in Patients with Renal Impairment Seizures may occur with the administration of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection, particularly in patients with renal impairment when the dosage is not reduced appropriately. Discontinue Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection if seizures occur or make appropriate dosage adjustments in patients with renal impairment [see Dosage and Administration (2.4) ] . Anticonvulsant therapy should be continued in patients with known seizure disorders. 5.3 Clostridioides difficile -associated Diarrhea Clostridioides difficile -associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including cefazolin, and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis. Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon leading to overgrowth of C. difficile . C. difficile produces toxins A and B, which contribute to the development of CDAD. Hypertoxin-producing isolates of C. difficile cause increased morbidity and mortality, as these infections can be refractory to antimicrobial therapy and may require colectomy. CDAD must be considered in all patients who present with diarrhea following antibacterial drug use. Careful medical history is necessary since CDAD has been reported to occur over two months after the administration of antibacterial agents. If CDAD is suspected or confirmed, ongoing antibacterial drug use not directed against C. difficile may need to be discontinued. Appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibacterial drug treatment of C. difficile , and surgical evaluation should be instituted as clinically indicated. 5.4 Hypersensitivity to Dextrose-containing Products Hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, have been reported with administration of dextrose-containing products. These reactions have been reported in patients receiving high concentrations of dextrose (i.e. 50% dextrose) 1 . The reactions have also been reported when corn-derived dextrose solutions were administered to patients with or without a history of hypersensitivity to corn products. 2 5.5 Prothrombin Activity Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection may be associated with a fall in prothrombin activity. Those at risk include patients with renal or hepatic impairment or poor nutritional state, as well as patients receiving a protracted course of antimicrobial therapy, and patients previously stabilized on anticoagulant therapy. Prothrombin time should be monitored in patients at risk and exogenous vitamin K administered as indicated. 5.6 Risk of Development of Drug-resistant Bacteria Prescribing Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection in the absence of proven or strongly suspected bacterial infection or a prophylactic indication is unlikely to provide benefit to the patient and increases the risk of the development of drug-resistant bacteria. As with other antimicrobials, prolonged use of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible microorganisms. Repeated evaluation of the patient's condition is essential. Should superinfection occur during therapy, appropriate measures should be taken. 5.7 Drug/Laboratory Test Interactions Urinary Glucose The administration of cefazolin may result in a false-positive reaction with glucose in the urine when using glucose tests based on Benedict’s copper reduction reaction that determine the amount of reducing substances like glucose in the urine. It is recommended that glucose tests based on enzymatic glucose oxidase be used. Coombs’ Test Positive direct Coombs' tests have been reported during treatment with cefazolin. In hematologic studies or in transfusion cross-matching procedures when antiglobulin tests are performed on the minor side or in Coombs' testing of newborns whose mothers have received cephalosporin antibacterial drugs before parturition, it should be recognized that a positive Coombs' test may be due to the drug. 5.8 Patients with Overt or Known Subclinical Diabetes Mellitus or Carbohydrate Intolerance As with other dextrose-containing solutions, Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection should be prescribed with caution in patients with overt or known subclinical diabetes mellitus or carbohydrate intolerance for any reason."],"nonclinical_toxicology":["13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY 13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Carcinogenicity and Mutagenesis Mutagenicity studies and long-term studies in animals to determine the carcinogenic potential of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection have not been performed. Impairment of Fertility Fertility studies conducted in rats subcutaneously administered cefazolin at doses of 2000 mg/kg/day (approximately 3 times the maximum recommended human dose based on body surface area comparison) showed no impairment of mating and fertility."],"pharmacokinetics_table":["
Table 7: Mean (Standard Deviation) Plasma Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Cefazolin in Healthy Volunteers
Dosage of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection N Cmax(mcg/mL) TmaxTmax reported as median (range) (h) AUC0-inf (mcg*h/mL) t1/2 (h) CL (L/h) Vz (L)
Single 2 grams Dose as a 15-Minute IV Infusion 12 280.9 (45.9) 0.25 (0.25-0.33) 509.9 (89.3) 2.01 (0.28) 4.03 (0.68) 11.50 (1.53)
","
Table 8: Mean (Standard Deviation) Model Derived Plasma Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Cefazolin in Adult Patients Weighing ≥ 120 kg
Dosage of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose InjectionN Cmax (mcg/mL) Tmax (h)AUC0--inf (mcg*h/mL) t1/2 (h) CL (L/h) Vz (L)
Single 3 grams Dose as a 30-Minute IV Infusion12197.7 (46.6) 0.5598.6 (206.6)2.36 (0.687)5.52 (1.72)17.51 (3.63)
"],"information_for_patients":["17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION Serious Allergic Reactions Advise patients that allergic reactions, including serious allergic reactions could occur and that serious reactions require immediate treatment and discontinuation of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection. Patients should report to their health care provider any previous allergic reactions to cefazolin, cephalosporins, penicillins, or other similar antibacterials [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ]. Seizures Advise patients that seizures could occur with Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection. Instruct patients to inform a healthcare provider at once of any signs and symptoms of seizures, for immediate treatment, dosage adjustment, or discontinuation of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ]. Diarrhea Advise patients that diarrhea is a common problem caused by antibacterials, including Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection, which usually ends when the antibacterial is discontinued. Sometimes after starting treatment with antibacterials, patients can develop watery and bloody stools (with or without stomach cramps and fever) even as late as two or more months after having taken the last dose of the antibacterials. If this occurs, patients should contact a physician as soon as possible [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ]. Antibacterial Resistance Patients should be counseled that antibacterial drugs, including Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection should only be used to treat bacterial infections. They do not treat viral infections (e.g., the common cold). When Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is prescribed to treat a bacterial infection, patients should be told that although it is common to feel better early in the course of therapy, the medication should be taken exactly as directed. Skipping doses or not completing the full course of therapy may (1) decrease the effectiveness of the immediate treatment and (2) increase the likelihood that bacteria will develop resistance and will not be treatable by Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection or other antibacterial drugs in the future."],"spl_unclassified_section":["DUPLEX is a registered trademark of B. Braun Medical Inc. ATCC is a registered trademark of the American Type Culture Collection. B. Braun Medical Inc. Bethlehem, PA 18018-3524 USA 1-800-227-2862 Prepared in USA. API from USA and Italy. Y36-003-090 LD-105-12"],"dosage_and_administration":["2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION If a dose of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is required that does not equal 1 gram, 2 grams or 3 grams, this product is not recommended for use and an alternative formulation of cefazolin should be considered. ( 2.1 ) For intravenous use only administered over approximately 30 minutes. ( 2.1 ) Recommended Dosing Schedule in Adult Patients with CLcr Greater Than or Equal To 55 mL/min. ( 2.1 , 2.2 and 2.3 ) Site and Type of Infection Dose Frequency Moderate to severe infections 500 milligram (mg) to 1 gram every 6 to 8 hours Mild infections caused by susceptible gram-positive cocci 250 mg to 500 mg every 8 hours Acute, uncomplicated urinary tract infections 1 gram every 12 hours Pneumococcal pneumonia 500 mg every 12 hours Severe, life-threatening infections (e.g., endocarditis, septicemia) In rare instances, doses of up to 12 grams of cefazolin per day have been used. 1 gram to 1.5 grams every 6 hours Perioperative prophylaxis less than 120 kg: 1 gram to 2 grams 1/2 to 1 hour prior to start of surgery greater than or equal to 120 kg: 3 grams 500 mg to 1 gram additional dose during lengthy operative procedures 500 mg to 1 gram every 6 to 8 hours for 24 hours postoperatively Recommended Dosing Schedule in Pediatric Patients with CLcr Greater than or Equal to 70 mL/min. ( 2.1 , 2.2 , and 2.3 ) Site and Type of Infection Dose Frequency Moderate to severe infections For the treatment indications (1.1 to 1.8) 25 to 50 mg per kilogram (kg) divided into 3 or 4 equal doses Severe infections May increase to 100 mg per kg divided into 3 or 4 equal doses Perioperative prophylaxis (10 to 17 years old) less than 50 kg: 1 gram 1/2 to 1 hour prior to start of surgery greater than or equal to 50 kg: 2 grams 500 mg to 1 gram Additional dose during lengthy operative procedures 500 mg to 1 gram every 6 to 8 hours for 24 hours postoperatively Dosage adjustment is required for adult patients with CLcr that is less than 55 mL/min and pediatric patients with CLcr that is less than 70 mL/min. ( 2.4 and 8.6 ) See full prescribing information for preparation and administration instructions. ( 2.5 ) 2.1 Important Administration Instructions If a dose of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is required that does not equal 1 gram, 2 grams, or 3 grams, this product is not recommended for use and an alternative formulation of cefazolin should be considered. Administer Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection intravenously over approximately 30 minutes. 2.2 Dosage for the Treatment of Infections D osage for the Treatment of Infections in Adults with Creatinine Clearance (CLcr) Equal to 55 mL/min or Greater The recommended adult dosages for the treatment of infections [see Indications and Usage (1.1 to 1.8)] are outlined in Table 1 below. Administer Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection intravenously over approximately 30 minutes. Table 1: Recommended Dosage in Adult Patients with CLcr Equal to 55 mL/min or Greater If a dose of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is required that does not equal 1 gram, 2 grams, or 3 grams this product is not recommended for use and an alternative formulation of cefazolin should be considered. . Site and Type of Infection Dose Frequency Moderate to severe infections 500 mg to 1 gram every 6 to 8 hours Mild infections caused by susceptible gram-positive cocci 250 mg to 500 mg every 8 hours Acute, uncomplicated urinary tract infections 1 gram every 12 hours Pneumococcal pneumonia 500 mg every 12 hours Severe, life-threatening infections (e.g., endocarditis, septicemia) In rare instances, doses of up to 12 grams of cefazolin per day have been used. 1 gram to 1.5 grams every 6 hours Dosage for the Treatment of Infections in Pediatric Patients with CLcr Equal to 70 mL/min or Greater The recommended pediatric dosages for the treatment of infections [see Indications and Usage (1.1 to 1.8)] are outlined in Table 2 below. Administer Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection intravenously over approximately 30 minutes. If a dose of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is required that does not equal 1 gram, 2 grams or 3 grams, this product is not recommended for use and an alternative formulation of cefazolin should be considered [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ] . Table 2: Recommended Dosage in Pediatric Patients with CLcr 70 mL/min or greater for Treatment of Infections [see Indications and Usage (1.1 to 1.8)] Type of Severity Recommended Total Daily Dosage Mild to moderate infections 25 mg/kg to 50 mg/kg, divided into 3 or 4 equal doses Severe infections May increase to 100 mg/kg, divided into 3 or 4 equal doses 2.3 Dosage for Perioperative Prophylaxis Dosage for Perioperative Prophylaxis in Adults with CLcr Equal to 55 mL/min or Greater To prevent postoperative infection in contaminated or potentially contaminated surgery, recommended dosages are described in Table 3 below. Table 3: Recommended Dosage for Perioperative Prophylaxis in Adults with CLcr Equal to 55 mL/min or Greater Body weight (kg) Dose administered 1/2 hour to 1 hour prior to the start of surgery Additional dose during lengthy operative procedures (e.g., 2 hours or more) Dose for 24 hours postoperatively Less than 120 kg 1 gram to 2 grams 500 mg to 1 gram 500 mg to 1 gram every 6 hours to 8 hours Greater than or equal to 120 kg 3 grams If a dose of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is required that does not equal 1 gram, 2 grams, or 3 grams, this product is not recommended and an alternative formulation of cefazolin should be considered. It is important that (i) the preoperative dose be given just prior (1/2 hour to 1 hour) to the start of surgery so that adequate antibacterial concentrations are present in the serum and tissues at the time of initial surgical incision; and (ii) cefazolin be administered, if necessary, at appropriate intervals during surgery to provide sufficient concentrations of the antibacterial drug at the anticipated moments of greatest exposure to infective organisms. The perioperative prophylactic administration of cefazolin should usually be discontinued within a 24-hour period after the surgical procedure. In surgery where the occurrence of infection may be particularly devastating (e.g., open-heart surgery and prosthetic arthroplasty), the prophylactic administration of cefazolin may be continued for 3 days to 5 days following the completion of surgery. Dosage for Perioperative Prophyla xis in Pediatric Patients Aged 10 to 17 Years Old with CLcr 70 mL/min or Greater To prevent postoperative infection in contaminated or potentially contaminated surgery, recommended doses are described in Table 4 below. Table 4: Recommended Dosage for Perioperative Prophylaxis in Pediatric Patients with CLcr 70 mL/min or greater Aged 10 to 17 years Old If a dose of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is required that does not equal 1 gram or 2 grams, this product is not recommended for use and an alternative formulation of cefazolin should be considered. Body weight (kg) Dose administered 1/2 to 1 hour prior to the start of surgery Additional dose during lengthy operative procedures (e.g., 2 hours or more) Dose for 24 hours postoperatively Less than 50 kg 1 gram 500 mg to 1 gram 500 mg to 1 gram every 6 hours to 8 hours Greater than or equal to 50 kg and less than 120 kg 2 grams It is important that (i) the preoperative dose be given just prior (1/2 hour to 1 hour) to the start of surgery so that adequate antibacterial concentrations are present in the serum and tissues at the time of initial surgical incision; and (ii) cefazolin be administered, if necessary, at appropriate intervals during surgery to provide sufficient concentrations of the antibacterial drug at the anticipated moments of greatest exposure to infective organisms. The administration of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection for perioperative prophylaxis should usually be discontinued within a 24-hour period after the surgical procedure. In surgery where the occurrence of infection may be particularly devastating the administration of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection for perioperative prophylaxis may be continued for 3 days to 5 days following the completion of surgery. 2.4 Dosage Recommendations in Adult and Pediatric Patients with Renal Impairment Dosage Recommendations in Adult Patients with CLcr less than 55 mL/min The dosage recommendation for Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection in adult patients with renal impairment (CLcr less than 55 mL/min) is outlined in Table 5 below. Table 5: Dosage Recommendation for Adult Patients with CLcr less than 55 mL/min Creatinine Clearance Dose Frequency 35 to 54 mL/min Recommended dose every 8 hours or longer 11 to 34 mL/min Half of recommended dose If the recommended dose in adult patients with creatinine clearance equal to 35 mL/min or greater is 1 gram, then this product is not recommended for use in patients with creatinine clearance less than 35 mL/min and an alternative formulation of cefazolin should be considered. every 12 hours 10 mL/min or less Half of recommended dose every 18 to 24 hours Dosage Recommendations in Pediatric Patients with CLcr less than 70 mL/min The dosage recommendation for Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection in pediatric patients with renal impairment (CLcr less than 70 mL/min) is outlined in Table 6 below. Table 6: Recommended Dosage in Pediatric Patients with CLcr less than 70 mL/min Creatinine Clearance Recommended Dosage 40 to 70 mL/min 60% of the normal daily dose given in equally divided doses every 12 hours 20 to 40 mL/min 25% of the normal daily dose given in equally divided doses every 12 hours 5 to 20 mL/min 10% of the normal daily dose every 24 hours *If a dose of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is required that does not equal 1 gram, 2 grams, or 3 grams, this product is not recommended for use and an alternative formulation of cefazolin should be considered. 2.5 Preparation for Use of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection in DUPLEX ® Container This reconstituted solution of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is for intravenous use only. Do not use plastic containers in series connections. Such use would result in air embolism due to residual air being drawn from the primary container before administration of the fluid from the secondary container is complete. If administration is controlled by a pumping device, care must be taken to discontinue pumping action before the container runs dry or air embolism may result. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration. Use only if solution is clear and container and seals are intact. DUPLEX ® Container Storage To avoid inadvertent activation, the DUPLEX ® Container should remain in the folded position until activation is intended. Patient Labeling and Drug Powder/Diluent Inspection Apply patient-specific label on foil side of container. Use care to avoid activation. Do not cover any portion of foil strip with patient label. Unlatch side tab and unfold DUPLEX ® Container (see Diagram 1 ). Visually inspect diluent chamber for particulate matter. Use only if container and seals are intact. To inspect the drug powder for foreign matter or discoloration, peel foil strip from drug chamber (see Diagram 2 ). Protect from light after removal of foil strip. Note: If foil strip is removed, the container should be re-folded and the side tab latched until ready to activate. The product must then be used within 7 days, but not beyond the labeled expiration date. Reconstitution (Activation) Do not use directly after storage by refrigeration, allow the product to equilibrate to room temperature before patient use. Unfold the DUPLEX ® Container and point the set port in a downward direction. Starting at the hanger tab end, fold the DUPLEX ® Container just below the diluent meniscus trapping all air above the fold. To activate, squeeze the folded diluent chamber until the seal between the diluent and powder opens, releasing diluent into the drug powder chamber (see Diagram 3 ). Agitate the liquid-powder mixture until the drug powder is completely dissolved. Note: Following reconstitution (activation), product must be used within 24 hours if stored at room temperature or within 7 days if stored under refrigeration. Administration Visually inspect the reconstituted solution for particulate matter. Point the set port in a downwards direction. Starting at the hanger tab end, fold the DUPLEX ® Container just below the solution meniscus trapping all air above the fold. Squeeze the folded DUPLEX ® Container until the seal between reconstituted drug solution and set port opens, releasing liquid to set port (see Diagram 4 ). Prior to attaching the IV set, check for minute leaks by squeezing container firmly. If leaks are found, discard container and solution as sterility may be compromised. Using aseptic technique, peel foil cover from the set port and attach sterile administration set (see Diagram 5 ). Refer to directions for use accompanying the administration set. Important Administration Instructions Do not use in series connections. Do not introduce additives into the DUPLEX ® Container. Administer Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection intravenously over approximately 30 minutes. Diagram 1 Diagram 2 Diagram 3 Diagram 4 Diagram 5"],"spl_product_data_elements":["Cefazolin Sodium Cefazolin Sodium CEFAZOLIN SODIUM CEFAZOLIN DEXTROSE MONOHYDRATE WATER Cefazolin Sodium Cefazolin Sodium CEFAZOLIN SODIUM CEFAZOLIN DEXTROSE MONOHYDRATE WATER Cefazolin Sodium Cefazolin Sodium CEFAZOLIN SODIUM CEFAZOLIN DEXTROSE MONOHYDRATE WATER"],"dosage_forms_and_strengths":["3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Dual-chamber, single-dose packaged combination of Cefazolin Sodium USP (lyophilized) and sterile iso-osmotic diluent in the DUPLEX ® sterile container consisting of: 1 gram Cefazolin for Injection USP and 50 mL 4% Dextrose Injection USP 2 grams Cefazolin for Injection USP and 50 mL 3% Dextrose Injection USP 3 grams Cefazolin for Injection USP and 50 mL 2% Dextrose Injection USP Dual-Chamber in single-dose Duplex ® Container: 1 gram Cefazolin for Injection USP and 50 mL 4% Dextrose Injection USP ( 3 ) 2 grams Cefazolin for Injection USP and 50 mL 3% Dextrose Injection USP ( 3 ) 3 grams Cefazolin for Injection USP and 50 mL 2% Dextrose Injection USP ( 3 )"],"clinical_pharmacology_table":["
Table 7: Mean (Standard Deviation) Plasma Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Cefazolin in Healthy Volunteers
Dosage of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection N Cmax(mcg/mL) TmaxTmax reported as median (range) (h) AUC0-inf (mcg*h/mL) t1/2 (h) CL (L/h) Vz (L)
Single 2 grams Dose as a 15-Minute IV Infusion 12 280.9 (45.9) 0.25 (0.25-0.33) 509.9 (89.3) 2.01 (0.28) 4.03 (0.68) 11.50 (1.53)
","
Table 8: Mean (Standard Deviation) Model Derived Plasma Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Cefazolin in Adult Patients Weighing ≥ 120 kg
Dosage of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose InjectionN Cmax (mcg/mL) Tmax (h)AUC0--inf (mcg*h/mL) t1/2 (h) CL (L/h) Vz (L)
Single 3 grams Dose as a 30-Minute IV Infusion12197.7 (46.6) 0.5598.6 (206.6)2.36 (0.687)5.52 (1.72)17.51 (3.63)
"],"use_in_specific_populations":["8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS 8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Available data from published prospective cohort studies, case series and case reports over several decades with cephalosporin use, including cefazolin, in pregnant women have not established a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Cefazolin crosses the placenta. Animal reproduction studies with rats, mice and rabbits administered cefazolin during organogenesis at doses 1 to 3 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) did not demonstrate adverse developmental outcomes. In rats subcutaneously administered cefazolin prior to delivery and throughout lactation, there were no adverse effects on offspring at a dose approximately 2 times the MRHD (see Data) . The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Data Human Data While available studies cannot definitively establish the absence of risk, published data from case-control studies and case reports over several decades have not identified an association with cephalosporin use during pregnancy and major birth defects, miscarriage, or other adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Available studies have methodologic limitations, including small sample size, retrospective data collection, and inconsistent comparator groups. Animal Data Reproduction studies have been performed in rats, mice and rabbits administered cefazolin during organogenesis at doses of 2000, 4000 and 240 mg/kg/day (approximately 1 to 3 times the maximum recommended human dose on a body surface area comparison). There was no evidence of any adverse effects on embryofetal development due to cefazolin. In a peri-postnatal study in rats, cefazolin administered subcutaneously up to 1200 mg/kg/day (approximately 2 times the MRHD based on body surface area comparison) to pregnant dams prior to delivery and through lactation caused no adverse effects on offspring. 8.2 Lactation Data from published literature report that cefazolin is present in human milk, but is not expected to accumulate in a breastfed infant. There are no data on the effects of cefazolin on the breastfed child or on milk production. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection or from the mother’s underlying condition. 8.4 Pediatric Use Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is indicated for the treatment of respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, skin and skin structure infections, biliary tract infections, bone and joint infections, genital infections, septicemia, and endocarditis in pediatric patients for whom appropriate dosing with this formulation can be achieved, and for perioperative prophylaxis in pediatric patients aged 10 to 17 years old [see Indications and Usage (1.1 to 1.9)] . Safety and effectiveness of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection in premature infants and neonates have not been established and is not recommended for use in this age group of pediatric patients. Dosing for cefazolin in pediatric patients younger than one month old has not been established. Because of the limitations of the available strengths and administration requirements (i.e., administration of fractional doses is not recommended) of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection, and to avoid unintentional overdose, this product is not recommended for use if a dose of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection that does not equal 1 gram or 2 grams is required and an alternative formulation of cefazolin should be considered [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 , 2.3 , 2.4 and 2.5 )] . The safety and effectiveness of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection for perioperative prophylaxis have been established in pediatric patients aged 10 to 17 years old. Use of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection in these age groups is supported by evidence from adults with additional safety and pharmacokinetic data in pediatric patients aged 10 to 17 years old. Safety and pharmacokinetics were evaluated in two multicenter, non-comparative studies (Study 1 and Study 2). These studies were conducted to assess the safety and pharmacokinetics of a single 30-minute infusion of either 1 gram or 2 grams (based on weight) of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection for perioperative prophylaxis in pediatric patients. Study 1 evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetics of 1 gram of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection in pediatric patients aged 10 to 17 years old scheduled for surgery with a weight of at least 25 kg but less than 60 kg and, 2 grams in pediatric patients with a weight of at least 60 kg. Study 2 evaluated 1 gram of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection in pediatric patients aged 10 to 12 years old scheduled for surgery with a weight of at least 25 kg but less than 50 kg and, 2 grams in pediatric patients with a weight of at least 50 kg to less than 85 kg [see Dosage and Administration (2.3) , Adverse Reactions (6.1) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . The safety and effectiveness of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection for perioperative prophylaxis have not been established in pediatric patients younger than 10 years old. 8.5 Geriatric Use Of the 920 subjects who received cefazolin in clinical studies, 313 (34%) were 65 years and over, while 138 (15%) were 75 years and over. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these subjects and younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out. This drug is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function [see Dosage and Administration (2. 4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ]. 8.6 Patients with Renal Impairment When Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is administered to adult and pediatric patients with low urinary output because of impaired renal function (creatinine clearance less than 55 mL/min and 70 mL/min for adults and pediatric patients, respectively), lower daily dosage is required [see Dosage and Administration (2.4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ]."],"dosage_and_administration_table":["
Recommended Dosing Schedule in Adult Patients with CLcr Greater Than or Equal To 55 mL/min. (2.1, 2.2 and 2.3)
Site and Type of Infection Dose Frequency
Moderate to severe infections 500 milligram (mg) to 1 gram every 6 to 8 hours
Mild infections caused by susceptible gram-positive cocci 250 mg to 500 mg every 8 hours
Acute, uncomplicated urinary tract infections 1 gram every 12 hours
Pneumococcal pneumonia 500 mg every 12 hours
Severe, life-threatening infections (e.g., endocarditis, septicemia)In rare instances, doses of up to 12 grams of cefazolin per day have been used. 1 gram to 1.5 grams every 6 hours
Perioperative prophylaxisless than 120 kg: 1 gram to 2 grams 1/2 to 1 hour prior to start of surgery
greater than or equal to 120 kg: 3 grams
500 mg to 1 gram additional dose during lengthy operative procedures
500 mg to 1 gram every 6 to 8 hours for 24 hours postoperatively
","
Recommended Dosing Schedule in Pediatric Patients with CLcr Greater than or Equal to 70 mL/min. (2.1, 2.2, and 2.3)
Site and Type of Infection Dose Frequency
Moderate to severe infectionsFor the treatment indications (1.1 to 1.8) 25 to 50 mg per kilogram (kg)divided into 3 or 4 equal doses
Severe infections May increase to 100 mg per kgdivided into 3 or 4 equal doses
Perioperative prophylaxis (10 to 17 years old) less than 50 kg: 1 gram1/2 to 1 hour prior to start of surgery
greater than or equal to 50 kg: 2 grams
500 mg to 1 gramAdditional dose during lengthy operative procedures
500 mg to 1 gram every 6 to 8 hours for 24 hours postoperatively
","
Table 1: Recommended Dosage in Adult Patients with CLcr Equal to 55 mL/min or GreaterIf a dose of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is required that does not equal 1 gram, 2 grams, or 3 grams this product is not recommended for use and an alternative formulation of cefazolin should be considered..
Site and Type of Infection Dose Frequency
Moderate to severe infections 500 mg to 1 gram every 6 to 8 hours
Mild infections caused by susceptible gram-positive cocci 250 mg to 500 mg every 8 hours
Acute, uncomplicated urinary tract infections 1 gram every 12 hours
Pneumococcal pneumonia 500 mg every 12 hours
Severe, life-threatening infections (e.g., endocarditis, septicemia)In rare instances, doses of up to 12 grams of cefazolin per day have been used. 1 gram to 1.5 grams every 6 hours
","
Table 2: Recommended Dosage in Pediatric Patients with CLcr 70 mL/min or greater for Treatment of Infections [see Indications and Usage (1.1 to 1.8)]
Type of Severity Recommended Total Daily Dosage
Mild to moderate infections 25 mg/kg to 50 mg/kg, divided into 3 or 4 equal doses
Severe infections May increase to 100 mg/kg, divided into 3 or 4 equal doses
","
Table 3: Recommended Dosage for Perioperative Prophylaxis in Adults with CLcr Equal to 55 mL/min or Greater
Body weight (kg) Dose administered 1/2 hour to 1 hour prior to the start of surgery Additional dose during lengthy operative procedures (e.g., 2 hours or more) Dose for 24 hours postoperatively
Less than 120 kg 1 gram to 2 grams 500 mg to 1 gram500 mg to 1 gram every 6 hours to 8 hours
Greater than or equal to 120 kg3 grams
","
Table 4: Recommended Dosage for Perioperative Prophylaxis in Pediatric Patients with CLcr 70 mL/min or greater Aged 10 to 17 years OldIf a dose of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is required that does not equal 1 gram or 2 grams, this product is not recommended for use and an alternative formulation of cefazolin should be considered.
Body weight (kg) Dose administered 1/2 to 1 hour prior to the start of surgery Additional dose during lengthy operative procedures (e.g., 2 hours or more)Dose for 24 hours postoperatively
Less than 50 kg 1 gram 500 mg to 1 gram500 mg to 1 gram every 6 hours to 8 hours
Greater than or equal to 50 kg and less than 120 kg 2 grams
","
Table 5: Dosage Recommendation for Adult Patients with CLcr less than 55 mL/min
Creatinine Clearance Dose Frequency
35 to 54 mL/min Recommended dose every 8 hours or longer
11 to 34 mL/min Half of recommended doseIf the recommended dose in adult patients with creatinine clearance equal to 35 mL/min or greater is 1 gram, then this product is not recommended for use in patients with creatinine clearance less than 35 mL/min and an alternative formulation of cefazolin should be considered. every 12 hours
10 mL/min or less Half of recommended dose every 18 to 24 hours
","
Table 6: Recommended Dosage in Pediatric Patients with CLcr less than 70 mL/min
Creatinine Clearance Recommended Dosage
40 to 70 mL/min60% of the normal daily dose given in equally divided doses every 12 hours
20 to 40 mL/min25% of the normal daily dose given in equally divided doses every 12 hours
5 to 20 mL/min10% of the normal daily dose every 24 hours
"],"package_label_principal_display_panel":["PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 1g Cefazolin Cefazolin for Injection USP and Dextrose Injection USP 1g* 50 mL REF 3103-11 NDC 0264-3103-11 DUPLEX ® CONTAINER Use only after mixing contents of both chambers. For IV Use Only Iso-osmotic Single-Dose Sterile/Nonpyrogenic * Contains 1.048 g of Cefazolin Sodium USP equivalent to 1 g cefazolin. Reconstitution: Hold container with set port in a downward direction and fold the diluent chamber just below the solution meniscus. To activate seal, squeeze folded diluent chamber until seal between diluent and drug chamber opens, releasing diluent into drug chamber. Agitate the reconstituted solution until the drug powder is completely dissolved. Fold the container a second time and squeeze until seal between drug chamber and set port opens. After reconstitution each 50 mL single-dose unit contains: Cefazolin for Injection USP (1 g cefazolin, equivalent to 1.048 g of cefazolin sodium) with approx. 2 g (4% w/v) Hydrous Dextrose USP in Water for Injection USP. Approximate osmolality: 290 mOsmol/kg Prior to Reconstitution: Store at 20-25°C (68-77°F). Excursions permitted to 15-30°C (59-86°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.] Use only if container and seals are intact. Do not peel foil strip until ready for use. After foil strip removal, product must be used within 7 days, but not beyond the labeled expiration date. Protect from light after removal of foil strip. After Reconstitution: Use only if prepared solution is clear and free from particulate matter. Use within 24 hours if stored at room temperature or within 7 days if stored under refrigeration. Do not use in a series connection. Do not introduce additives into this container. Prior to administration check for minute leaks by squeezing container firmly. If leaks are found, discard container and solution as sterility may be impaired. Do not freeze. Discard unused portion. Not made with natural rubber latex, PVC or DEHP. Rx only B. Braun Medical Inc. Bethlehem, PA 18018-3524 Prepared in USA. API from USA and Italy. LD-201-9 Y37-002-610 EXP LOT PEEL HERE Drug Chamber Discard unit if foil strip is damaged. Peel foil strip only when ready for use. Visually inspect drug prior to reconstitution. See package insert for complete directions for reconstitution and administration. LD-336-1 X27-001-485 3103-11 Container Label Drug Chamber Label","PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 2g Cefazolin Cefazolin for Injection USP and Dextrose Injection USP 2g* 50 mL REF 3105-11 NDC 0264-3105-11 DUPLEX ® CONTAINER Use only after mixing contents of both chambers. For IV Use Only Iso-osmotic Single-Dose Sterile/Nonpyrogenic * Contains 2.096 g of Cefazolin Sodium USP equivalent to 2 g cefazolin. Reconstitution: Hold container with set port in a downward direction and fold the diluent chamber just below the solution meniscus. To activate seal, squeeze folded diluent chamber until seal between diluent and drug chamber opens, releasing diluent into drug chamber. Agitate the reconstituted solution until the drug powder is completely dissolved. Fold the container a second time and squeeze until seal between drug chamber and set port opens. After reconstitution each 50 mL single-dose unit contains: Cefazolin for Injection USP (2 g cefazolin, equivalent to 2.096 g of cefazolin sodium) with approx. 1.5 g (3% w/v) Hydrous Dextrose USP in Water for Injection USP. Approximate osmolality: 290 mOsmol/kg Prior to Reconstitution: Store at 20-25°C (68-77°F). Excursions permitted to 15-30°C (59-86°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.] Use only if container and seals are intact. Do not peel foil strip until ready for use. After foil strip removal, product must be used within 7 days, but not beyond the labeled expiration date. Protect from light after removal of foil strip. After Reconstitution: Use only if prepared solution is clear and free from particulate matter. Use within 24 hours if stored at room temperature or within 7 days if stored under refrigeration. Do not use in a series connection. Do not introduce additives into this container. Prior to administration check for minute leaks by squeezing container firmly. If leaks are found, discard container and solution as sterility may be impaired. Do not freeze. Discard unused portion. Not made with natural rubber latex, PVC or DEHP . Rx only B. Braun Medical Inc. Bethlehem, PA 18018-3524 Prepared in USA. API from USA and Italy. LD-200-6 Y37-002-611 EXP LOT PEEL HERE Drug Chamber Discard unit if foil strip is damaged. Peel foil strip only when ready for use. Visually inspect drug prior to reconstitution. See package insert for complete directions for reconstitution and administration. LD-336-1 X27-001-485 3105-11 Container Label Drug Chamber Label","PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 3g Cefazolin Cefazolin for Injection USP and Dextrose Injection USP 3g* 50 mL REF 3107-11 NDC 0264-3107-11 DUPLEX ® CONTAINER Use only after mixing contents of both chambers. For IV Use Only Iso-osmotic Single-Dose Sterile/Nonpyrogenic * Contains 3.145 g of Cefazolin Sodium USP equivalent to 3 g of cefazolin. Reconstitution: Hold container with set port in a downward direction and fold the diluent chamber just below the solution meniscus. To activate seal, squeeze folded diluent chamber until seal between diluent and drug chamber opens, releasing diluent into drug chamber. Agitate the reconstituted solution until the drug powder is completely dissolved. Fold the container a second time and squeeze until seal between drug chamber and set port opens. After reconstitution each 50 mL single-dose unit contains: Cefazolin for Injection USP (3 g cefazolin, equivalent to 3.145 g of cefazolin sodium) with approx. 1 g (2% w/v) Hydrous Dextrose USP in Water for Injection USP. Approximate osmolality: 290 mOsmol/kg Prior to Reconstitution: Store at 20-25°C (68-77°F). Excursions permitted to 15-30°C (59-86°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.] Use only if container and seals are intact. Do not peel foil strip until ready for use. After foil strip removal, product must be used within 7 days, but not beyond the labeled expiration date. Protect from light after removal of foil strip. After Reconstitution: Use only if prepared solution is clear and free from particulate matter. Use within 24 hours if stored at room temperature or within 7 days if stored under refrigeration. Do not use in a series connection. Do not introduce additives into this container. Prior to administration check for minute leaks by squeezing container firmly. If leaks are found, discard container and solution as sterility may be impaired. Do not freeze. Discard unused portion. Not made with natural rubber latex, PVC or DEHP. Rx only B. Braun Medical Inc. Bethlehem, PA 18018-3524 Prepared in USA. API from USA and Italy. LD-792-2 Y37-002-609 EXP LOT PEEL HERE Drug Chamber Discard unit if foil strip is damaged. Peel foil strip only when ready for use. Visually inspect drug prior to reconstitution. See package insert for complete directions for reconstitution and administration. LD-336-1 X27-001-485 3107-11 Container Label Drug Chamber Label"],"carcinogenesis_and_mutagenesis_and_impairment_of_fertility":["13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Carcinogenicity and Mutagenesis Mutagenicity studies and long-term studies in animals to determine the carcinogenic potential of Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection have not been performed. Impairment of Fertility Fertility studies conducted in rats subcutaneously administered cefazolin at doses of 2000 mg/kg/day (approximately 3 times the maximum recommended human dose based on body surface area comparison) showed no impairment of mating and fertility."]},"tags":[{"label":"Cephalosporin Antibacterial","category":"class"},{"label":"Small Molecule","category":"modality"},{"label":"J01DB04","category":"atc"},{"label":"Intramuscular","category":"route"},{"label":"Intravenous","category":"route"},{"label":"Injection","category":"form"},{"label":"Powder","category":"form"},{"label":"Solution","category":"form"},{"label":"Off-Patent","category":"patent"},{"label":"Generic Available","category":"availability"},{"label":"Established","category":"status"},{"label":"Bacterial endocarditis","category":"indication"},{"label":"Bacterial pneumonia","category":"indication"},{"label":"Bacterial septicemia","category":"indication"},{"label":"Bacterial urinary infection","category":"indication"},{"label":"Cholangitis","category":"indication"},{"label":"Genitourinary Tract Infections","category":"indication"},{"label":"Glaxosmithkline","category":"company"},{"label":"Approved 1970s","category":"decade"},{"label":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Anti-Infective Agents","category":"pharmacology"}],"phase":"marketed","safety":{"boxedWarnings":[],"safetySignals":[{"date":"","signal":"HYPOTENSION","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"679 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"DRUG INEFFECTIVE","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"638 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"ANAPHYLACTIC REACTION","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"616 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"565 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"RASH","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"562 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"PYREXIA","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"497 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"RENAL FAILURE","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"487 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"415 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"PAIN","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"414 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"OFF LABEL USE","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"388 reports"}],"drugInteractions":[{"drug":"Probenecid","severity":"Moderate","mechanism":"Probenecid inhibits renal excretion of cefazolin","management":"Co-administration of probenecid with Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is not recommended","clinicalEffect":"Increased serum cefazolin concentrations and prolonged half-life"}],"commonSideEffects":[{"effect":"nausea","drugRate":"14.8%","placeboRate":null},{"effect":"infusion site pain","drugRate":"6.6%","placeboRate":null},{"effect":"headache","drugRate":"4.9%","placeboRate":null}],"contraindications":["Hypersensitivity to cefazolin","Hypersensitivity to cephalosporin class antibacterial drugs","Hypersensitivity to penicillins","Hypersensitivity to other beta-lactams","History of immediate hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis, serious skin reactions) to cefazolin or related agents"],"specialPopulations":{"Pregnancy":"Reproduction studies have been performed in rats, mice, and rabbits at doses up to 25 times the human dose and have revealed no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus due to Cefazolin for Injection. There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.","Geriatric use":"Of the 920 subjects who received Cefazolin for Injection in clinical studies, 313 (34%) were 65 years and over, while 138 (15%) were 75 years and over. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these subjects and younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.","Paediatric use":"Safety and effectiveness for use in premature infants and neonates have not been established. See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION for recommended dosage in pediatric patients older than month.","Renal impairment":"Lower daily dosage of cefazolin for injection is required in patients with impaired renal function (creatinine clearance less than 55 mL/min)."}},"trials":[],"aliases":[],"company":"GSK","patents":[],"pricing":[{"market":"United States","source":"CMS National Average Drug Acquisition Cost (NADAC)","asOfDate":"2024-05-22","unitCost":"$1.0246/EA","priceType":"NADAC","sourceUrl":"https://data.medicaid.gov/dataset/4j6z-xnwq","annualCost":"$374","description":"CEFAZOLIN 1 GM VIAL","retrievedDate":"2026-04-07"}],"_sources":{"trials":{"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=Cefazolin Sodium","method":"api_direct","source":"ClinicalTrials.gov","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"ctgov","retrievedAt":"2026-04-19T23:35:48.150843+00:00"},"timeline":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cefazolin Sodium","method":"deterministic","source":"Wikipedia","rawText":"","confidence":0.8,"sourceType":"wikipedia","retrievedAt":"2026-04-19T23:35:55.657283+00:00"},"aiSummary":{"url":"","method":"ai_extraction","source":"Haiku strategic summary","rawText":"","confidence":0.9,"sourceType":"ai_extraction","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T07:55:42.946081+00:00"},"mechanism":{"url":"","method":"ai_extraction","source":"FDA Label + Haiku","rawText":"","confidence":0.95,"sourceType":"fda_label","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T08:36:13.114350+00:00"},"regulatory.ca":{"url":"","method":"api_direct","source":"Health Canada DPD","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"health_canada_dpd","retrievedAt":"2026-04-19T23:35:53.556254+00:00"},"pharmacokinetics":{"url":"","method":"ai_extraction","source":"FDA Label + Haiku","rawText":"","confidence":0.95,"sourceType":"fda_label","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T08:36:13.114377+00:00"},"publicationCount":{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Cefazolin Sodium","method":"api_direct","source":"PubMed/NCBI","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"pubmed","retrievedAt":"2026-04-19T23:35:54.028634+00:00"},"administration.route":{"url":"","method":"deterministic","source":"FDA Label","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_label","retrievedAt":"2026-04-19T23:35:46.894487+00:00"},"safety.boxedWarnings":{"url":"","method":"deterministic","source":"FDA Label (no boxed warning)","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_label","retrievedAt":"2026-04-19T23:35:46.894515+00:00"},"safety.safetySignals":{"url":"https://api.fda.gov/drug/event.json","method":"api_direct","source":"FDA FAERS","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_faers","retrievedAt":"2026-04-19T23:35:56.121779+00:00"},"mechanism.oneSentence":{"url":"","method":"ai_extraction","source":"FDA Label + Haiku extraction","aiModel":"claude-haiku-4-5","rawText":"","confidence":0.95,"sourceType":"fda_label","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T07:55:42.946038+00:00"},"mechanism.target_chembl":{"url":"","method":"api_direct","source":"ChEMBL mechanism: Bacterial penicillin-binding protein inhibitor","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"chembl","retrievedAt":"2026-04-19T23:35:55.657223+00:00"},"safety.drugInteractions":{"url":"","method":"ai_extraction","source":"FDA Label + Haiku","rawText":"","confidence":0.95,"sourceType":"fda_label","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T07:55:42.946077+00:00"},"crossReferences.chemblId":{"url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/compound_report_card/CHEMBL1200523/","method":"api_direct","source":"ChEMBL (EMBL-EBI)","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"chembl","retrievedAt":"2026-04-19T23:35:55.312170+00:00"},"safety.commonSideEffects":{"url":"","method":"ai_extraction","source":"FDA Label + Haiku AE extraction","rawText":"","confidence":0.9,"sourceType":"fda_label","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T08:36:19.909779+00:00"},"safety.contraindications":{"url":"","method":"ai_extraction","source":"FDA Label + Haiku","rawText":"","confidence":0.95,"sourceType":"fda_label","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T07:55:42.946073+00:00"},"regulatory.fda_application":{"url":"","method":"deterministic","source":"FDA Label","rawText":"NDA050779","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_label","retrievedAt":"2026-04-19T23:35:46.894521+00:00"}},"allNames":"ancef in sodium chloride 0.9% in plastic container","offLabel":[],"synonyms":["cefazolin","cefazolin sodium","cefamezin","cefaprim","cefazoline","cephamezine","cephazolin","cephazoline","cefazolin sodium salt"],"timeline":[{"date":"1973-01-01","type":"neutral","source":"FDA Orange Book","milestone":"Rights transferred from GLAXOSMITHKLINE to Glaxosmithkline"},{"date":"1973-10-04","type":"positive","source":"DrugCentral","milestone":"FDA approval (Glaxosmithkline)"},{"date":"1983-06-08","type":"positive","source":"FDA Orange Book","milestone":"Ancef In Dextrose 5% In Plastic Container approved — EQ 10MG BASE/ML"},{"date":"2015-08-07","type":"positive","source":"FDA Orange Book","milestone":"Cefazolin In Dextrose approved — EQ 2GM BASE/100ML (EQ 20MG BASE/ML)"},{"date":"2022-10-07","type":"positive","source":"FDA Orange Book","milestone":"New formulation approved (Hikma)"},{"date":"2024-03-08","type":"positive","source":"FDA Orange Book","milestone":"New formulation approved (Hq Spclt Pharma)"},{"date":"2024-08-26","type":"positive","source":"FDA Orange Book","milestone":"Cefazolin And Dextrose approved — EQ 3GM BASE/VIAL"}],"aiSummary":"Cefazolin for Injection and Dextrose Injection is a first-generation cephalosporin indicated for treatment of multiple bacterial infections including respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin and soft tissue, biliary tract, bone and joint, genital infections, septicemia, and endocarditis, as well as perioperative prophylaxis. The drug demonstrates rapid IV absorption with peak serum concentrations of 185-280 mcg/mL and a short half-life of approximately 1.8-2.4 hours depending on dose and patient weight. Primary safety concern is hypersensitivity reactions in patients with documented beta-lactam allergy, and drug interaction with probenecid which inhibits renal clearance. Cefazolin remains a widely used and effective first-line agent for susceptible bacterial infections when appropriate dosing can be achieved.","brandName":"Ancef In Sodium Chloride 0.9% In Plastic Container","ecosystem":[{"indication":"Bacterial endocarditis","otherDrugs":[{"name":"ampicillin","slug":"ampicillin","company":"Wyeth Ayerst"},{"name":"benzylpenicillin","slug":"benzylpenicillin","company":"Pfizer"},{"name":"cefapirin","slug":"cefapirin","company":"Apothecon"},{"name":"cilastatin","slug":"cilastatin","company":"Merck"}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Bacterial pneumonia","otherDrugs":[{"name":"amikacin","slug":"amikacin","company":"Apothecon"},{"name":"amoxicillin","slug":"amoxicillin","company":"Apothecon"},{"name":"ampicillin","slug":"ampicillin","company":"Wyeth Ayerst"},{"name":"azithromycin","slug":"azithromycin","company":""}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Bacterial septicemia","otherDrugs":[{"name":"Polymyxin B","slug":"polymyxin-b","company":"Monarch Pharms"},{"name":"amikacin","slug":"amikacin","company":"Apothecon"},{"name":"ampicillin","slug":"ampicillin","company":"Wyeth Ayerst"},{"name":"azlocillin","slug":"azlocillin","company":"Bayer Pharmaceuticals Corp"}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Bacterial urinary infection","otherDrugs":[{"name":"amikacin","slug":"amikacin","company":"Apothecon"},{"name":"amoxicillin","slug":"amoxicillin","company":"Apothecon"},{"name":"ampicillin","slug":"ampicillin","company":"Wyeth Ayerst"},{"name":"avibactam","slug":"avibactam","company":"Cerexa Inc"}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Cholangitis","otherDrugs":[{"name":"amikacin","slug":"amikacin","company":"Apothecon"},{"name":"ampicillin","slug":"ampicillin","company":"Wyeth Ayerst"},{"name":"erythromycin ethyl succinate","slug":"erythromycin-ethyl-succinate","company":"Arbor Pharms Llc"},{"name":"gentamicin","slug":"gentamicin","company":"Schering"}],"globalPrevalence":648000},{"indication":"Genitourinary Tract Infections","otherDrugs":[{"name":"amoxicillin","slug":"amoxicillin","company":"Apothecon"},{"name":"ampicillin","slug":"ampicillin","company":"Wyeth Ayerst"},{"name":"cefalotin","slug":"cefalotin","company":"Lilly"},{"name":"mezlocillin","slug":"mezlocillin","company":""}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Infection of biliary tract","otherDrugs":[],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Infection of bone","otherDrugs":[{"name":"amikacin","slug":"amikacin","company":"Apothecon"},{"name":"azlocillin","slug":"azlocillin","company":"Bayer Pharmaceuticals Corp"},{"name":"cefalexin","slug":"cefalexin","company":"Shionogi Inc"},{"name":"cefalotin","slug":"cefalotin","company":"Lilly"}],"globalPrevalence":null}],"mechanism":{"target":"Bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan","novelty":"Follow-on","modality":"Beta-lactam antibiotic","drugClass":"Cephalosporin","explanation":"Cefazolin is a first-generation cephalosporin antibacterial agent. As a beta-lactam antibiotic, it functions by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis through binding to penicillin-binding proteins and disrupting peptidoglycan cross-linking. This mechanism results in bacterial cell wall weakening and cell lysis, leading to bactericidal activity against susceptible organisms.","oneSentence":"Cefazolin is an antibacterial drug that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis.","technicalDetail":"Cefazolin Sodium is a beta-lactam antibiotic that exerts its antibacterial effect by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside bacterial cell walls, thereby inhibiting the synthesis of peptidoglycan, a critical component of the bacterial cell wall."},"_wikipedia":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cefazolin","title":"Cefazolin","extract":"Cefazolin, also known as cefazoline and cephazolin, is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. Specifically it is used to treat cellulitis, urinary tract infections, pneumonia, endocarditis, joint infection, and biliary tract infections. It is also used to prevent group B streptococcal disease around the time of delivery and before surgery. It is typically given by injection into a muscle or vein."},"commercial":{"launchDate":"1973","_launchSource":"DrugCentral (FDA 1973-10-04, GLAXOSMITHKLINE)"},"references":[{"id":1,"url":"https://drugcentral.org/drugcard/530","fields":["approvals","synonyms","ATC","PK","indications","contraindications","DDIs","targets","patents","FAERS"],"source":"DrugCentral"},{"id":2,"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=Cefazolin%20Sodium","fields":["trials"],"source":"ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"id":3,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Cefazolin Sodium","fields":["publications"],"source":"PubMed/NCBI"},{"id":4,"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cefazolin","fields":["history","overview"],"source":"Wikipedia"},{"id":5,"url":"https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-approvals-and-databases/orange-book-data-files","fields":["patents","exclusivity","genericManufacturers"],"source":"FDA Orange 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tract","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":846685008,"regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Infection of bone","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":111253001,"regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Infection of skin AND/OR subcutaneous tissue","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":19824006,"regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Infectious disorder of joint","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":363162000,"regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Lower respiratory tract infection","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":50417007,"regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Pneumonia due to Streptococcus","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":34020007,"regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Prevention of Perioperative Infection","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":"","regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Staphylococcal pneumonia","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":22754005,"regulator":"FDA"}],"offLabel":[{"name":"Prevention of Bacterial Endocarditis","source":"DrugCentral","drugName":"Cefazolin 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