{"id":"captopril-test-dose-and-trandolapril","rwe":[],"tags":[],"safety":{"boxedWarnings":["Fetal Toxicity"],"drugInteractions":["Potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g., spironolactone, triamterene)","Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)","Lithium"],"commonSideEffects":[{"effect":"Cough","drugRate":"10-20%","severity":"Mild to Moderate"},{"effect":"Hyperkalemia","drugRate":"5-10%","severity":"Moderate"},{"effect":"Renal Impairment","drugRate":"3-5%","severity":"Moderate to Severe"},{"effect":"Dizziness","drugRate":"5-10%","severity":"Mild"},{"effect":"Fatigue","drugRate":"3-5%","severity":"Mild"}],"contraindications":["Hypersensitivity to ACE inhibitors","Bilateral renal artery stenosis","Severe hypotension","Aortic or mitral valve stenosis"],"specialPopulations":{"Elderly":"Monitor for increased risk of hypotension and renal impairment","Pregnancy":"Contraindicated due to risk of fetal harm","Renal Impairment":"Dosage adjustment may be required"}},"trials":[],"_chembl":null,"aliases":[],"patents":[{"title":"Captopril","number":"US4374829","expiration":"Expired"},{"title":"Trandolapril","number":"US5260312","expiration":"Expired"}],"pricing":[{"market":"United States","source":"CMS National Average Drug Acquisition Cost (NADAC)","asOfDate":"2024-01-03","unitCost":"$0.8912/EA","priceType":"NADAC","sourceUrl":"https://data.medicaid.gov/dataset/4j6z-xnwq","annualCost":"$325","description":"CAPTOPRIL 100 MG TABLET","retrievedDate":"2026-04-07"}],"offLabel":[],"timeline":[{"date":"1981","type":"Approval","milestone":"Captopril approved by FDA","regulator":"FDA"},{"date":"1994","type":"Approval","milestone":"Trandolapril approved by FDA","regulator":"FDA"}],"_dailymed":null,"aiSummary":"Captopril and Trandolapril are both angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors used primarily for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. Captopril was one of the first ACE inhibitors to be developed and has been widely used since its approval in the 1980s. Trandolapril, a more recent addition, is known for its longer half-life and once-daily dosing. Both drugs work by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and reduced blood pressure. Despite their effectiveness, they come with a range of side effects, including cough, hyperkalemia, and renal impairment. The drugs are not recommended for use in pregnant women due to potential fetal harm.","ecosystem":[],"mechanism":{"target":"Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)","novelty":"Captopril was the first ACE inhibitor, while Trandolapril represents a more modern, long-acting formulation.","modality":"Small molecule","drugClass":"Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors","explanation":"By blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, these drugs reduce the vasoconstrictive and aldosterone-stimulating effects of angiotensin II, resulting in lower blood pressure and reduced workload on the heart.","oneSentence":"Captopril and Trandolapril inhibit the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), reducing the formation of angiotensin II and leading to vasodilation and decreased blood pressure.","technicalDetail":"Captopril and Trandolapril bind to the active site of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), preventing the cleavage of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. This leads to a decrease in angiotensin II levels, which in turn reduces vasoconstriction and aldosterone secretion."},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T00:29:45.952Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"commercial":{"yoyGrowth":"Not available","launchDate":"Captopril: 1981, Trandolapril: 1994","annualCostUS":"Not available","currentRevenue":"Not available","patientPopulation":"Hypertensive and heart failure patients","peakSalesEstimate":"Not available"},"references":[],"biosimilars":[],"competitors":["Enalapril","Lisinopril","Ramipril","Perindopril"],"dataSources":[{"url":"https://data.medicaid.gov/dataset/4j6z-xnwq","name":"CMS National Average Drug Acquisition Cost (NADAC)","fields":["pricing"],"retrievedDate":"2026-04-07"}],"indications":{"approved":["Hypertension","Heart Failure"],"offLabel":["Diabetic Nephropathy","Chronic Kidney Disease"],"pipeline":[]},"labelChanges":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT02735707","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Randomized, Embedded, Multifactorial Adaptive Platform Trial for Community- Acquired Pneumonia","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"UMC Utrecht","startDate":"2016-04-11","conditions":"Community-acquired Pneumonia, Influenza, COVID-19","enrollment":20000},{"nctId":"NCT04467931","phase":"","title":"ACEI or ARB and COVID-19 Severity and Mortality in US Veterans","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Utah","startDate":"2020-01-19","conditions":"Hypertension, COVID","enrollment":22213},{"nctId":"NCT00252317","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Acute Haemodynamic Effects of Treatment With Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE)-Inhibitors in Patients With Symptomatic Aortic Stenosis","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Rigshospitalet, Denmark","startDate":"2005-11","conditions":"Aortic Stenosis","enrollment":64}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"genericFilers":["Teva Pharmaceuticals","Mylan Pharmaceuticals","Sandoz Inc."],"latestUpdates":[],"manufacturing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"developmentCodes":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"publicationCount":1,"therapeuticAreas":["Metabolic"],"biosimilarFilings":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Captopril Test Dose and Trandolapril","genericName":"Captopril Test Dose and Trandolapril","companyName":"Rigshospitalet, Denmark","companyId":"rigshospitalet-denmark","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"Captopril: 1981, Trandolapril: 1994","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"regulatoryByCountry":[{"country_code":"CA","regulator":"Health Canada","status":"approved","approval_date":null,"mah":"","brand_name_local":"","application_number":""},{"country_code":"US","regulator":"FDA","status":"approved","approval_date":null,"mah":null,"brand_name_local":null,"application_number":null}],"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}