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Different subclasses (dihydropyridines vs. non-dihydropyridines) have varying selectivity for vascular versus cardiac tissue.","oneSentence":"Calcium channel blockers inhibit the influx of calcium ions into vascular smooth muscle and cardiac cells, causing vasodilation and reduced cardiac contractility.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T00:29:36.954Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Hypertension"},{"name":"Angina pectoris"},{"name":"Atrial fibrillation (rate control)"},{"name":"Coronary artery disease"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT04040634","phase":"NA","title":"Optimal Blood Pressure for the prevenTIon of Major vAscuLar Events in Patients With DIABETES Mellitus (OPTIMAL-DIABETES)","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein","startDate":"2019-08-08","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus, High Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases","enrollment":9476},{"nctId":"NCT06867068","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Comparison of Two Intravenous Drug Combinations for Ambulatory Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","startDate":"2016-10-04","conditions":"Anesthesia, Tooth Extraction","enrollment":73},{"nctId":"NCT04789733","phase":"NA","title":"The GUARDIAN Pilot Trial","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"The Cleveland Clinic","startDate":"2021-04-27","conditions":"General Surgery","enrollment":80},{"nctId":"NCT05081999","phase":"PHASE4","title":"De-Adoption of Beta-Blockers in Patients With Stable Ischemic Heart Disease","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"University of Alberta","startDate":"2023-01-30","conditions":"Stable Ischemic Heart Disease, Coronary Artery Disease, Beta-blocker Therapy","enrollment":59},{"nctId":"NCT06975111","phase":"PHASE2, PHASE3","title":"Focusing on the Menopausal Transition to Improve Mid-Life Women's Health","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"University of Colorado, Denver","startDate":"2026-03-01","conditions":"Menopause, Menopause Hot Flashes, Menopause Related Conditions","enrollment":200},{"nctId":"NCT07448506","phase":"PHASE3","title":"PHASE III, RANDOMIZED, ACTIVE-COMPARATOR CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF NIFEDIPINE 30MG EXTENDED-RELEASE IN ADULT PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH MILD OR MODERATE HYPERTENSION IN COLOMBIA.","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Laboratorios Richmond S.A.C.I.F.","startDate":"2024-07-09","conditions":"High Blood Pressure (& [Essential Hypertension])","enrollment":50},{"nctId":"NCT07447297","phase":"NA","title":"Efficacy of Early Rhythm Control Therapy in Patients With Subclinical Atrial Fibrillation","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Samsung Medical Center","startDate":"2024-01-02","conditions":"Atrial Fibrillation (AF), Diseases of the Circulatory System, Atrial Flutter","enrollment":520},{"nctId":"NCT07445334","phase":"NA","title":"Catheter Ablation Versus Anti-arrhythmic Drugs for Premature Ventricular Complexes","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Western Sydney Local Health District","startDate":"2026-03-01","conditions":"Premature Ventricular Complexes, Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC), Premature Ventricular Beats","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT07246629","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Lumbar Drain With Intrathecal Nicardipine in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Wake Forest University Health Sciences","startDate":"2026-04","conditions":"Subarachnoid Hemorrhage","enrollment":214},{"nctId":"NCT07272902","phase":"NA","title":"Treating Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Ablation or Medication","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Nova Scotia Health Authority","startDate":"2026-01-01","conditions":"Atrial Fibrillation (AF), Heart Failure With Mildly Reduced Ejection Fraction, Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFPEF)","enrollment":84},{"nctId":"NCT05301894","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Extension Study to Evaluate NBI-827104 in Pediatric Participants With Epileptic Encephalopathy With Continuous Spike-and-Wave During Sleep","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Neurocrine Biosciences","startDate":"2022-06-07","conditions":"Epileptic Encephalopathy, Continuous Spike and Wave During Sleep","enrollment":19},{"nctId":"NCT07099677","phase":"NA","title":"Short-Term Effects of Antihypertensive Drugs on Postural Balance and Fall Risk","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Abant Izzet Baysal University","startDate":"2025-08-01","conditions":"Hypertension, Fall Risk, Postural Balance","enrollment":186},{"nctId":"NCT03461874","phase":"NA","title":"ACT Therapy for HF Migraine","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. 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