{"id":"butobarbital","rwe":[],"tags":[{"label":"butobarbital","category":"class"},{"label":"Small Molecule","category":"modality"},{"label":"N05CA03","category":"atc"},{"label":"Active","category":"status"},{"label":"Insomnia","category":"indication"},{"label":"Severe anxiety (panic)","category":"indication"},{"label":"Central Nervous System Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Central Nervous System Depressants","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Hypnotics and Sedatives","category":"pharmacology"}],"phase":"unknown","safety":{"contraindications":["Acute exacerbation of asthma","Alcoholism","Anemia","Chronic obstructive lung disease","Depressive disorder","Disease of liver","Hepatic coma","Hepatic encephalopathy","Hepatic failure","Hyperactive behavior","Hyperammonemia","Kidney disease","Neutropenic disorder","Porphyria","Pregnancy, function","Respiratory insufficiency","Sleep apnea","Sleep automatism","Substance abuse","Suicidal thoughts","Thrombocytopenic disorder"]},"trials":[],"aliases":[],"patents":[],"pricing":[],"allNames":"butethal","offLabel":[],"synonyms":["butobarbitone","butobarbital","butobarbitural","hyperbutal","butethal"],"timeline":[],"brandName":"Butethal","ecosystem":[{"indication":"Insomnia","otherDrugs":[{"name":"amobarbital","slug":"amobarbital","company":""},{"name":"choline","slug":"choline","company":""},{"name":"daridorexant","slug":"daridorexant","company":"Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd"},{"name":"diphenhydramine","slug":"diphenhydramine","company":"Mcneil Cons"}],"globalPrevalence":750000000},{"indication":"Severe anxiety (panic)","otherDrugs":[{"name":"amobarbital","slug":"amobarbital","company":""},{"name":"chlordiazepoxide","slug":"chlordiazepoxide","company":"Valeant Pharm Intl"},{"name":"pentobarbital","slug":"pentobarbital","company":"Oak Pharms"},{"name":"secbutabarbital","slug":"secbutabarbital","company":"Meda Pharms"}],"globalPrevalence":null}],"mechanism":{"modality":"Small Molecule","drugClass":"butobarbital","explanation":"Imagine your brain is like a busy city, with many different signals and messages being sent and received. Butethal helps to calm down the city by increasing the activity of certain messengers, called neurotransmitters, that help to slow down the brain's activity and promote relaxation.","oneSentence":"Butethal works by enhancing the activity of neurotransmitters in the brain, such as GABA, to produce sedative and anxiolytic effects.","technicalDetail":"Butethal acts as a positive allosteric modulator of the GABA_A receptor, enhancing the activity of GABA, the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, to produce its sedative and anxiolytic effects."},"_wikipedia":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butobarbital","title":"Butobarbital","extract":"Butobarbital, also called butobarbitone or butethal, Soneryl, and Neonal, is a hypnotic drug which is a barbiturate derivative. It was developed by Poulenc Brothers in 1921."},"commercial":{},"references":[{"id":1,"url":"https://drugcentral.org/drugcard/449","fields":["approvals","synonyms","ATC","PK","indications","contraindications","DDIs","targets","patents","FAERS"],"source":"DrugCentral"},{"id":2,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=butobarbital","fields":["publications"],"source":"PubMed/NCBI"},{"id":3,"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butobarbital","fields":["history","overview"],"source":"Wikipedia"}],"_enrichedAt":"2026-03-30T09:09:42.442252","biosimilars":[],"competitors":[{"drugName":"pentobarbital","drugSlug":"pentobarbital","fdaApproval":"1973-09-19","genericCount":1,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"amobarbital","drugSlug":"amobarbital","fdaApproval":"","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"secobarbital","drugSlug":"secobarbital","fdaApproval":"1950-07-19","genericCount":19,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"talbutal","drugSlug":"talbutal","fdaApproval":"","patentStatus":"Unknown","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"methohexital","drugSlug":"methohexital","fdaApproval":"1960-06-27","genericCount":1,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"thiopental","drugSlug":"thiopental","fdaApproval":"","patentStatus":"Unknown","relationship":"same-class"}],"genericName":"butobarbital","indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Insomnia","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":193462001,"regulator":"FDA","usPrevalence":70000000,"globalPrevalence":750000000,"prevalenceMethod":"curated","prevalenceSource":"Sleep Medicine Reviews, 2023"},{"name":"Severe anxiety (panic)","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":80583007,"regulator":"FDA"}],"offLabel":[{"name":"General anesthesia","source":"DrugCentral","drugName":"butobarbital","evidenceCount":1,"evidenceLevel":"emerging"}],"pipeline":[]},"drugCategory":"active","labelChanges":[],"relatedDrugs":[{"drugId":"pentobarbital","brandName":"pentobarbital","genericName":"pentobarbital","approvalYear":"1973","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"amobarbital","brandName":"amobarbital","genericName":"amobarbital","approvalYear":"","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"secobarbital","brandName":"secobarbital","genericName":"secobarbital","approvalYear":"1950","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"talbutal","brandName":"talbutal","genericName":"talbutal","approvalYear":"","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"methohexital","brandName":"methohexital","genericName":"methohexital","approvalYear":"1960","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"thiopental","brandName":"thiopental","genericName":"thiopental","approvalYear":"","relationship":"same-class"}],"trialDetails":[],"genericFilers":[],"latestUpdates":[],"manufacturing":[],"crossReferences":{"NDDF":"004458","UNII":"OHZ8QAW6YC","CHEBI":"CHEBI:134884","RXNORM":"19874","UMLSCUI":"C0054249","ChEMBL_ID":"CHEMBL404422","KEGG_DRUG":"D02618","DRUGBANK_ID":"DB01353","PUBCHEM_CID":"6473","SNOMEDCT_US":"346359007","MESH_SUPPLEMENTAL_RECORD_UI":"C027712"},"formularyStatus":[],"_enricherVersion":"v2","_offLabelChecked":true,"developmentCodes":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"publicationCount":20,"therapeuticAreas":["Neuroscience"],"atcClassification":{"source":"DrugCentral","atcCode":"N05CA03","allCodes":["N05CA03"]},"biosimilarFilings":[],"recentPublications":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"status":"active","companyName":"","companyId":"unknown","modality":"Small Molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Butethal, also known as butobarbital, is a small molecule drug in the barbiturate class. It is used to treat insomnia and severe anxiety, although its exact target is unknown. The commercial status of butethal is unclear, and it may be off-patent or have a complex ownership structure. As a barbiturate, butethal works by enhancing the activity of neurotransmitters in the brain, leading to sedative and anxiolytic effects. However, its use is often limited due to concerns about its safety and potential for abuse.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"partial","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":false,"trials":false,"score":2}}