{"id":"bupropion-immediate-release-ir","rwe":[],"tags":[],"safety":{"drugInteractions":[{"drug":"Alcohol","action":"Avoid","effect":"Increased risk of seizures"},{"drug":"Cimetidine","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased levels of bupropion"},{"drug":"Citalopram","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Clonopin","action":"Avoid","effect":"Increased risk of seizures"},{"drug":"Diazepam","action":"Avoid","effect":"Increased risk of seizures"},{"drug":"Doxepin","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Fluoxetine","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Haloperidol","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Hydrocodone","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Imipramine","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Ketamine","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Levodopa","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Linezolid","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Lithium","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Methadone","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Methamphetamine","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Methylphenidate","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Mirtazapine","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Morphine","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Nefazodone","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Nortriptyline","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Olanzapine","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Paroxetine","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Phenobarbital","action":"Avoid","effect":"Increased risk of seizures"},{"drug":"Phenytoin","action":"Avoid","effect":"Increased risk of seizures"},{"drug":"Pimozide","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Quetiapine","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Risperidone","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Sertraline","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Sibutramine","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Sotalol","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"SSRIs","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Trazodone","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Tricyclic antidepressants","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Triptans","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Valproate","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Venlafaxine","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"},{"drug":"Warfarin","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of bleeding"},{"drug":"Zolpidem","action":"Monitor","effect":"Increased risk of serotonin syndrome"}],"contraindications":["Hypersensitivity to bupropion or any component of the formulation","Seizure disorder","Bulimia or anorexia nervosa","Current or recent (within 14 days) use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)","Angina, recent myocardial infarction, or unstable coronary artery disease","History of bulimia or anorexia nervosa","Current or recent (within 14 days) use of other antidepressants","Current or recent (within 14 days) use of other drugs that may lower the seizure threshold","Pregnancy or breastfeeding"]},"trials":[],"aliases":[],"company":"Pfizer","patents":[],"pricing":[],"_sources":{"trials":{"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=bupropion-immediate-release-ir","method":"api_direct","source":"ClinicalTrials.gov","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"ctgov","retrievedAt":"2026-04-19T23:51:27.568889+00:00"},"regulatory.ca":{"url":"","method":"api_direct","source":"Health Canada DPD","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"health_canada_dpd","retrievedAt":"2026-04-19T23:51:33.652170+00:00"},"regulatory.eu":{"url":"","method":"api_direct","source":"European Medicines Agency","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"ema_api","retrievedAt":"2026-04-19T23:51:27.641901+00:00"},"publicationCount":{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=bupropion-immediate-release-ir","method":"api_direct","source":"PubMed/NCBI","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"pubmed","retrievedAt":"2026-04-19T23:51:33.978666+00:00"},"mechanism.target_chembl":{"url":"","method":"api_direct","source":"ChEMBL mechanism: Norepinephrine transporter inhibitor","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"chembl","retrievedAt":"2026-04-19T23:51:35.200610+00:00"},"crossReferences.chemblId":{"url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/compound_report_card/CHEMBL1201735/","method":"api_direct","source":"ChEMBL (EMBL-EBI)","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"chembl","retrievedAt":"2026-04-19T23:51:34.851360+00:00"}},"allNames":"bupropion immediate release (ir)","offLabel":[],"timeline":[],"aiSummary":"Bupropion immediate release IR is a marketed drug by Pfizer Inc. It is used for Major Depressive Disorder MDD, Seasonal Affective Disorder SAD, and Smoking Cessation. The exact mechanism of action is not fully understood, but it is believed to affect neurotransmitter levels in the brain. Bupropion IR has a unique profile compared to other antidepressants, with a faster onset of action and a lower risk of weight gain. This makes it a valuable option for patients who have not responded to other treatments. However, its use is not without controversy, and more research is needed to fully understand its effects. Overall, bupropion IR is a significant player in the market for antidepressants and smoking cessation.","brandName":"bupropion immediate release (IR)","ecosystem":[],"isGeneric":true,"mechanism":{"target":"Dopamine transporter, Norepinephrine transporter","novelty":"Best-in-class","modality":"Small molecule","drugClass":"Norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor","explanation":"","oneSentence":"","technicalDetail":"Bupropion IR is a weak inhibitor of the dopamine transporter and the norepinephrine transporter, with a Ki of 1.4 μM and 2.4 μM, respectively. It also has a moderate affinity for the serotonin transporter, with a Ki of 10.4 μM. The drug's mechanism of action is thought to involve the inhibition of the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine, which leads to an increase in the concentration of these neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft."},"_companyIR":{"url":"https://www.pfizer.com/investors","revenueRefs":[],"pipelineRefs":[]},"commercial":{"annualCostUS":"Generic pricing varies by manufacturer","genericStatus":"Generic — off-patent","peakSalesEstimate":"Not publicly reported"},"references":[{"id":1,"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=bupropion-immediate-release-ir","fields":["trials"],"source":"ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"id":2,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=bupropion-immediate-release-ir","fields":["publications"],"source":"PubMed/NCBI"},{"id":3,"url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/","fields":["molecular"],"source":"ChEMBL (EMBL-EBI)"},{"id":4,"url":"https://www.ema.europa.eu/","fields":["regulatoryStatus"],"source":"European Medicines Agency (EMA)"},{"id":5,"url":"https://list.essentialmeds.org/","fields":["regulatoryStatus"],"source":"WHO Essential Medicines List"}],"_tgaChecked":true,"_validation":{"fieldsValidated":0,"lastValidatedAt":"2026-04-19T23:51:36.519775+00:00","fieldsConflicting":1,"overallConfidence":0.8},"_whoChecked":true,"biosimilars":[],"competitors":[{"name":"Wellbutrin SR","company":"GlaxoSmithKline","advantage":"Longer duration of action compared to immediate release bupropion","genericName":"bupropion hydrochloride"},{"name":"Zyban","company":"GlaxoSmithKline","advantage":"Approved for smoking cessation in addition to depression","genericName":"bupropion hydrochloride"},{"name":"Aplenzin","company":"Takeda Pharmaceuticals","advantage":"Extended-release formulation with a lower risk of seizures","genericName":"bupropion hydrobromide"},{"name":"Forfivo XL","company":"Cephalon","advantage":"High-dose extended-release formulation for treatment-resistant depression","genericName":"bupropion hydrochloride"}],"genericName":"bupropion-immediate-release-ir","indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)","regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)","regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Smoking Cessation","regulator":"FDA"}],"offLabel":[],"pipeline":[]},"_mhraChecked":true,"labelChanges":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT03864042","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Pharmacokinetic Drug-drug Interaction Study of Encorafenib and Binimetinib on Probe Drugs in Patients With BRAF V600-mutant Melanoma or Other Advanced Solid Tumors","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"2018-01-02","conditions":"Advanced Solid Tumors, Metastatic Melanoma","enrollment":56},{"nctId":"NCT02078180","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Pharmacokinetic Study of Bupropion Hydrochloride Products With Different Release Patterns","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Michigan","startDate":"2014-04","conditions":"Depression","enrollment":34}],"_emaApprovals":[{"date":"","name":"bupropion immediate release (IR)","status":"Authorised","regulator":"EMA"}],"genericFilers":[],"latestUpdates":[],"manufacturing":[],"molecularData":{"oral":true,"chemblId":"CHEMBL1201735","moleculeType":"Small molecule","molecularWeight":"320.66"},"_patentsChecked":true,"_warningLetters":[{"date":"03/28/2023","subject":"11/07/2022\tTodos Medical Ltd aka Todos Medical USA Inc\tCenter for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition"},{"date":"03/27/2026","subject":"Feedback form"}],"crossReferences":{"chemblId":"CHEMBL1201735"},"formularyStatus":[],"_offLabelChecked":true,"developmentCodes":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"publicationCount":0,"therapeuticAreas":["Neuroscience"],"biosimilarFilings":[],"recentPublications":[],"_drugWebsiteChecked":true,"_healthCanadaChecked":true,"companionDiagnostics":[],"_genericFilersChecked":true,"genericManufacturerList":[],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","companyName":"Pfizer","companyId":"pfizer","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":3,"regulatoryByCountry":[{"country_code":"EU","regulator":"EMA","status":"pending","approval_date":null,"mah":"","brand_name_local":"","application_number":""},{"country_code":"CA","regulator":"Health Canada","status":"approved","approval_date":null,"mah":"","brand_name_local":"","application_number":""},{"country_code":"US","regulator":"FDA","status":"approved","approval_date":null,"mah":null,"brand_name_local":null,"application_number":null}],"trialStats":{"total":1,"withResults":1},"validation":{"fieldsValidated":0,"lastValidatedAt":"2026-04-19T23:51:36.519775+00:00","fieldsConflicting":1,"overallConfidence":0.8},"verificationStatus":"partial","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":false,"indications":true,"safety":false,"trials":true,"score":2}}