{"id":"bupivacaine-fnb","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Hypotension"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Bradycardia"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Nausea"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Dizziness"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Headache"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Systemic toxicity (CNS or cardiac)"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Bupivacaine penetrates the nerve sheath and reversibly binds to sodium channels on the inner surface of the nerve cell membrane, inhibiting sodium influx and preventing depolarization. This blocks action potential generation and propagation in sensory and motor nerves. The FNB formulation (liposomal bupivacaine) provides extended duration of action through sustained release from lipid vesicles.","oneSentence":"Bupivacaine is a local anesthetic that blocks sodium channels in nerve fibers, preventing the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T00:29:01.925Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Infiltration anesthesia and nerve block in adults"},{"name":"Interscalene brachial plexus nerve block for shoulder surgery"},{"name":"Femoral nerve block for knee surgery"},{"name":"Sciatic nerve block for lower extremity surgery"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT06989047","phase":"NA","title":"Ultrasound-Guided PENG Block vs Femoral Nerve Block for Analgesia Before Spinal Anesthesia in Hip Fracture Surgery","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Ain Shams University","startDate":"2025-05-30","conditions":"Proximal Femur Fracture, Hip Fracture, Pain Management","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT06779968","phase":"NA","title":"Multimodal Analgesia Versus Peripheral Nerve Block for Postoperative Pain Management After Lower Limb Injury Surgery","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Xiaguang Duan","startDate":"2025-01-20","conditions":"Lower Limb Injury","enrollment":150},{"nctId":"NCT06074744","phase":"NA","title":"Subsartorial Nerve Block and Femoral Nerve Block in Total Knee Arthroplasty","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Luzerner Kantonsspital","startDate":"2023-11-30","conditions":"Joint Diseases, Joint Pain","enrollment":144},{"nctId":"NCT05882201","phase":"NA","title":"Comparison of Femoral Nerve Block Versus Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block for Pain Control in Traumatic Femur Fracture Repair in Pediatric Population","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Menoufia University","startDate":"2023-06-01","conditions":"Regional Anesthesia Morbidity","enrollment":90},{"nctId":"NCT01335542","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Analgesia After Total Knee Arthroplasty: Peri-Articular Injection Versus Epidural + Femoral Nerve Blockade","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Hospital for Special Surgery, New York","startDate":"2010-03","conditions":"Readiness to Discharge","enrollment":91},{"nctId":"NCT02255500","phase":"PHASE4","title":"EXPAREL Infiltration in Subjects Undergoing Femoral Nerve Block With Bupivacaine HCl for Total Knee Arthroplasty","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Pacira Pharmaceuticals, Inc","startDate":"2014-09","conditions":"Pain","enrollment":23},{"nctId":"NCT02218814","phase":"NA","title":"Study to Evaluate ACB Versus FNB Early Postoperative Period Functional Outcomes After TKA","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"George Macrinici","startDate":"2014-08","conditions":"Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee, Nerve Block","enrollment":106},{"nctId":"NCT02056145","phase":"NA","title":"Ultrasound Guided Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Block (LFCNB) And Femoral Nerve Block (FNB) For Postoperative Pain Control After Hip Surgery","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"University Hospital, Antwerp","startDate":"2011-10","conditions":"-Postoperative Pain","enrollment":210},{"nctId":"NCT01701414","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Ultrasound-guided Femoral Nerve Blocks in Elderly Patients With Hip Fractures","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Rhode Island Hospital","startDate":"2008-11","conditions":"Femoral Neck Fractures, Hip Fractures","enrollment":38},{"nctId":"NCT00795223","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Comparative Pain Control Between 0.2 or 0.3 Spinal Morphine and 0.25 or 0.5 % Bupivacaine for FNB After TKA","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Mahidol University","startDate":"2008-10","conditions":"Post Operative Pain, Total Knee Replacement","enrollment":160}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":0,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":["Bupivacaine"],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Bupivacaine FNB","genericName":"Bupivacaine FNB","companyName":"Pacira Pharmaceuticals, Inc","companyId":"pacira-pharmaceuticals-inc","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Bupivacaine is a local anesthetic that blocks sodium channels in nerve fibers, preventing the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses. Used for Infiltration anesthesia and nerve block in adults, Interscalene brachial plexus nerve block for shoulder surgery, Femoral nerve block for knee surgery.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}