{"id":"bufuralol","rwe":[],"tags":[{"label":"bufuralol","category":"class"},{"label":"Small Molecule","category":"modality"},{"label":"Beta-2 adrenergic receptor","category":"target"},{"label":"ADRB2","category":"gene"},{"label":"ADRB1","category":"gene"},{"label":"CYP2D6","category":"gene"},{"label":"Active","category":"status"},{"label":"Adrenergic Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Adrenergic Antagonists","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Adrenergic beta-Antagonists","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Neurotransmitter Agents","category":"pharmacology"}],"phase":"phase_2","safety":{},"trials":[],"aliases":[],"patents":[],"pricing":[],"allNames":"(+/-)-bufuralol","offLabel":[],"synonyms":["bufuralol","dl-Bufuralol","(+/-)-Bufuralol"],"timeline":[],"brandName":"(+/-)-Bufuralol","ecosystem":[],"mechanism":{"target":"Multidrug resistance protein 1, Beta-1 adrenergic receptor, Beta-2 adrenergic receptor","targets":[{"gene":"ADRB2","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Beta-2 adrenergic receptor","protein":"Beta-2 adrenergic receptor"},{"gene":"ADRB1","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Beta-1 adrenergic receptor","protein":"Beta-1 adrenergic receptor"},{"gene":"CYP2D6","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Cytochrome P450 2D6","protein":"Cytochrome P450 2D6"},{"gene":"ABCB1","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Multidrug resistance protein 1","protein":"Multidrug resistance protein 1"}],"modality":"Small Molecule","drugClass":"bufuralol","explanation":"Imagine your heart is like a revved-up engine. The beta-2 adrenergic receptor is like the accelerator pedal. When it's stimulated, your heart beats faster and stronger. Bufuralol blocks this receptor, so the engine (your heart) doesn't rev up as much, which can help lower your blood pressure and heart rate.","oneSentence":"Bufuralol works by blocking the beta-2 adrenergic receptor, which helps to slow the heart rate and reduce blood pressure.","technicalDetail":"Bufuralol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist that competitively inhibits the beta-2 adrenergic receptor, leading to decreased heart rate and contractility, and vasodilation."},"commercial":{},"references":[{"id":1,"url":"https://drugcentral.org/drugcard/424","fields":["approvals","synonyms","ATC","PK","indications","contraindications","DDIs","targets","patents","FAERS"],"source":"DrugCentral"},{"id":2,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=BUFURALOL","fields":["publications"],"source":"PubMed/NCBI"}],"_enrichedAt":"2026-03-30T09:03:50.771694","biosimilars":[],"competitors":[{"drugName":"acebutolol","drugSlug":"acebutolol","fdaApproval":"1984-12-28","genericCount":3,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"amiodarone","drugSlug":"amiodarone","fdaApproval":"1985-12-24","patentExpiry":"Mar 13, 2029","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"arbutamine","drugSlug":"arbutamine","fdaApproval":"1997-09-12","patentStatus":"Unknown","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"arformoterol","drugSlug":"arformoterol","fdaApproval":"2006-10-06","genericCount":17,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"aripiprazole","drugSlug":"aripiprazole","fdaApproval":"2002-11-15","patentExpiry":"Sep 24, 2033","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"asenapine","drugSlug":"asenapine","fdaApproval":"2009-08-13","patentExpiry":"Sep 22, 2033","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"astemizole","drugSlug":"astemizole","fdaApproval":"1988-12-31","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"atenolol","drugSlug":"atenolol","fdaApproval":"1981-08-19","genericCount":22,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"betaxolol","drugSlug":"betaxolol","fdaApproval":"1985-08-30","genericCount":6,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"bisoprolol","drugSlug":"bisoprolol","fdaApproval":"1992-07-31","genericCount":13,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-target"}],"dataSources":[{"url":"https://drugcentral.org","name":"DrugCentral","fields":["indications","contraindications","safety","target","drugInteractions"],"retrievedDate":"2026-04-07"}],"genericName":"bufuralol","indications":{"approved":[],"offLabel":[],"pipeline":[]},"drugCategory":"active","labelChanges":[],"relatedDrugs":[{"drugId":"acebutolol","brandName":"acebutolol","genericName":"acebutolol","approvalYear":"1984","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"amiodarone","brandName":"amiodarone","genericName":"amiodarone","approvalYear":"1985","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"arbutamine","brandName":"arbutamine","genericName":"arbutamine","approvalYear":"1997","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"arformoterol","brandName":"arformoterol","genericName":"arformoterol","approvalYear":"2006","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"aripiprazole","brandName":"aripiprazole","genericName":"aripiprazole","approvalYear":"2002","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"asenapine","brandName":"asenapine","genericName":"asenapine","approvalYear":"2009","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"astemizole","brandName":"astemizole","genericName":"astemizole","approvalYear":"1988","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"atenolol","brandName":"atenolol","genericName":"atenolol","approvalYear":"1981","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"betaxolol","brandName":"betaxolol","genericName":"betaxolol","approvalYear":"1985","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"bisoprolol","brandName":"bisoprolol","genericName":"bisoprolol","approvalYear":"1992","relationship":"same-target"}],"trialDetails":[],"genericFilers":[],"latestUpdates":[],"manufacturing":[],"administration":{},"crossReferences":{"UNII":"891H89GFT4","CHEBI":"CHEBI:34593","INN_ID":"3539","UMLSCUI":"C0054212","ChEMBL_ID":"CHEMBL296035","DRUGBANK_ID":"DB06726","PUBCHEM_CID":"71733","IUPHAR_LIGAND_ID":"9834","MESH_SUPPLEMENTAL_RECORD_UI":"C010831"},"formularyStatus":[],"_enricherVersion":"v2","developmentCodes":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"pharmacokinetics":{"source":"DrugCentral","halfLife":"2.3 hours","clearance":"8.9 mL/min/kg","bioavailability":"46%","fractionUnbound":"0.19%","volumeOfDistribution":"1.7 L/kg"},"publicationCount":417,"therapeuticAreas":["Cardiovascular"],"biosimilarFilings":[],"recentPublications":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"status":"active","companyName":"","companyId":"","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Bufuralol, a small molecule drug, is a beta-2 adrenergic receptor antagonist. It was originally developed but its current owner is unknown. Bufuralol's commercial status is unclear, and it is not FDA-approved for any indications. The drug has a half-life of 2.3 hours and bioavailability of 46%. Key safety considerations are not well-documented.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"partial","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":false,"safety":false,"trials":false,"score":1}}