{"id":"buffered-articaine-hydrochloride-epinephrine","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Injection site pain or discomfort"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Transient paresthesia"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Allergic reaction (rare with amides)"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Cardiovascular effects from epinephrine (tachycardia, hypertension)"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Articaine is an amide-type local anesthetic that reversibly inhibits sodium influx into nerve cells, preventing depolarization and action potential propagation. The addition of epinephrine causes vasoconstriction of local blood vessels, which slows systemic absorption of the anesthetic, extends its duration of action, and reduces intraoperative bleeding. Buffering the solution optimizes pH to enhance onset speed and efficacy.","oneSentence":"Buffered articaine hydrochloride is a local anesthetic that blocks sodium channels in nerve cell membranes, while epinephrine is a vasoconstrictor that prolongs anesthetic duration and reduces bleeding.","_ai_confidence":"medium"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T00:28:55.933Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Local and regional anesthesia for dental and oral surgical procedures"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT07318311","phase":"NA","title":"Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of pH Adjustment of the Solution of Articaine With Epinephrine on the Efficacy of Jet Anesthesia","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki","startDate":"2022-08-01","conditions":"Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of pH Adjustment of the Solution of Articaine With Epinephrine on the Efficacy of Jet Anesthesia","enrollment":45},{"nctId":"NCT06047366","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Combination of Buffered Anesthetic to Treat Mandibular Molars","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Indiana University","startDate":"2023-12-05","conditions":"Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT05473819","phase":"NA","title":"Effectiveness of Sodium Bicarbonate Buffered Anaesthetic Solution on Pain During Injection","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Alexandria University","startDate":"2022-05-15","conditions":"Local Anesthesia","enrollment":27},{"nctId":"NCT01862614","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Testing the Anesthetic Effectiveness of Buffered Articaine Injected Next to a Lower First Molar.","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Ohio State University","startDate":"2013-04","conditions":"Anesthetic Effectiveness","enrollment":80}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":0,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Buffered Articaine Hydrochloride + Epinephrine","genericName":"Buffered Articaine Hydrochloride + Epinephrine","companyName":"Ohio State University","companyId":"ohio-state-university","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Buffered articaine hydrochloride is a local anesthetic that blocks sodium channels in nerve cell membranes, while epinephrine is a vasoconstrictor that prolongs anesthetic duration and reduces bleeding. Used for Local and regional anesthesia for dental and oral surgical procedures.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}