{"id":"bromodeoxyuridine","rwe":[{"pmid":"41859034","year":"2026","title":"Silencing C-X-C motif chemokine receptor inhibited autophagy of hippocampal neurons in epileptic mice by upregulating TWIK-related K(+) Channel 1.","finding":"","journal":"CytoJournal","studyType":"Clinical Study"},{"pmid":"41728054","year":"2026","title":"Opioid Modulation of Differential Gene Expression and Neuronal Differentiation in the Ventricular-subventricular Zone of Adult Male Zebra Finches.","finding":"","journal":"Annals of neurosciences","studyType":"Clinical Study"},{"pmid":"41711846","year":"2026","title":"Maqui berry cystatin inhibits cathepsin k activity and stimulates osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells.","finding":"","journal":"Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB","studyType":"Clinical Study"},{"pmid":"41640693","year":"2026","title":"Morphological and transcriptomic change of brain pericytes by lipopolysaccharide treatment.","finding":"","journal":"Frontiers in neural circuits","studyType":"Clinical Study"},{"pmid":"41593082","year":"2026","title":"The Drosophila proventriculus lacks stem cells but compensates for age-related cell loss via endoreplication-mediated cell growth.","finding":"","journal":"Nature communications","studyType":"Clinical Study"}],"tags":[{"label":"broxuridine","category":"class"},{"label":"Small Molecule","category":"modality"},{"label":"Thymidine kinase, cytosolic","category":"target"},{"label":"TK1","category":"gene"},{"label":"Active","category":"status"},{"label":"National Cancer Institute (NCI)","category":"company"},{"label":"Anti-Infective Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Antimetabolites","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Antineoplastic Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Antiviral Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Noxae","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Radiation-Sensitizing Agents","category":"pharmacology"}],"phase":"discontinued","safety":{},"trials":[],"aliases":["5-BrdU","5-bromodeoxyuridine","BrdU","broxuridine"],"company":"National Cancer Institute (NCI)","patents":[],"pricing":[],"allNames":"broxuridine","offLabel":[],"synonyms":["broxuridine","bromodeoxyuridine","5-Bromodeoxyuridine"],"timeline":[],"brandName":"Broxuridine","ecosystem":[],"mechanism":{"target":"Thymidine kinase, cytosolic, Thymidylate kinase","targets":[{"gene":"TK1","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Thymidine kinase, cytosolic","protein":"Thymidine kinase, cytosolic"}],"modality":"Small Molecule","drugClass":"broxuridine","explanation":"Imagine your body's cells are constantly making copies of their DNA to grow and repair themselves. Broxuridine gets in the way of this process by tricking the cell into thinking it's a normal building block of DNA. This prevents the cell from making new copies of its DNA, which can slow down or stop the growth of cancer cells.","oneSentence":"Broxuridine works by mimicking the structure of thymidine, a building block of DNA, and inhibiting the enzyme thymidine kinase, which is necessary for DNA replication.","technicalDetail":"Broxuridine is a thymidine analog that competitively inhibits thymidine kinase, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for phosphorylating thymidine into thymidine triphosphate, a necessary step for DNA replication and repair."},"commercial":{},"references":[{"id":1,"url":"https://drugcentral.org/drugcard/3042","fields":["approvals","synonyms","ATC","PK","indications","contraindications","DDIs","targets","patents","FAERS"],"source":"DrugCentral"},{"id":2,"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=bromodeoxyuridine","fields":["trials"],"source":"ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"id":3,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=bromodeoxyuridine","fields":["publications"],"source":"PubMed/NCBI"}],"_enrichedAt":"2026-03-30T02:42:15.135652","biosimilars":[],"competitors":[{"drugName":"idoxuridine","drugSlug":"idoxuridine","fdaApproval":"1963-06-11","patentStatus":"Unknown","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"zidovudine","drugSlug":"zidovudine","fdaApproval":"1987-03-19","genericCount":11,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-target"}],"dataSources":[{"url":"https://drugcentral.org","name":"DrugCentral","fields":["indications","contraindications","safety","target","drugInteractions"],"retrievedDate":"2026-04-07"}],"genericName":"bromodeoxyuridine","indications":{"approved":[],"offLabel":[],"pipeline":[]},"drugCategory":"active","labelChanges":[],"relatedDrugs":[{"drugId":"idoxuridine","brandName":"idoxuridine","genericName":"idoxuridine","approvalYear":"1963","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"zidovudine","brandName":"zidovudine","genericName":"zidovudine","approvalYear":"1987","relationship":"same-target"}],"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT00003405","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Combination Chemotherapy Plus Biological Therapy in Treating Patients With Acute Myelogenous Leukemia","status":"WITHDRAWN","sponsor":"Rush University Medical Center","startDate":"1998-04","conditions":["Leukemia"],"enrollment":0,"completionDate":"1999-04"},{"nctId":"NCT04363190","phase":"","title":"Genomic Instability in Vascular Surgeons","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid","startDate":"2018-11-09","conditions":["Cytogenetic Abnormality","Radiation Exposure"],"enrollment":28,"completionDate":"2019-11-05"},{"nctId":"NCT00001650","phase":"","title":"Use of Bromodeoxyuridine to Study White Blood Cell Replication and Survival in HIV-Infected Patients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)","startDate":"1997-09-19","conditions":["HIV Infection","Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome"],"enrollment":56,"completionDate":"2011-05-13"},{"nctId":"NCT00003832","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Broxuridine Plus Surgery in Treating Patients With Stage I or Stage II Prostate Cancer","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"National Cancer Institute (NCI)","startDate":"1999-07","conditions":["Stage I Prostate Cancer","Stage IIA Prostate Cancer","Stage IIB Prostate Cancer"],"enrollment":75,"completionDate":""},{"nctId":"NCT00042250","phase":"NA","title":"IUdR/BUdR Cell Cycle Labelling","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"M.D. Anderson Cancer Center","startDate":"1992-05","conditions":["Hematologic Malignancies"],"enrollment":28,"completionDate":"2002-10"}],"genericFilers":[],"latestUpdates":[],"manufacturing":[],"administration":{},"crossReferences":{"UNII":"G34N38R2N1","CHEBI":"CHEBI:472552","INN_ID":"3462","UMLSCUI":"C0006233","ChEMBL_ID":"CHEMBL222280","KEGG_DRUG":"D01763","DRUGBANK_ID":"DB12028","PDB_CHEM_ID":"U33","PUBCHEM_CID":"6035","MESH_DESCRIPTOR_UI":"D001973"},"formularyStatus":[],"_enricherVersion":"v2","developmentCodes":[],"ownershipHistory":[{"period":"present","companyName":"National Cancer Institute (NCI)","relationship":"Current Owner"}],"publicationCount":11283,"therapeuticAreas":["Oncology"],"biosimilarFilings":[],"recentPublications":[{"date":"2026","pmid":"41859034","title":"Silencing C-X-C motif chemokine receptor inhibited autophagy of hippocampal neurons in epileptic mice by upregulating TWIK-related K(+) Channel 1.","journal":"CytoJournal"},{"date":"2026 Feb 18","pmid":"41728054","title":"Opioid Modulation of Differential Gene Expression and Neuronal Differentiation in the Ventricular-subventricular Zone of Adult Male Zebra Finches.","journal":"Annals of neurosciences"},{"date":"2026","pmid":"41711846","title":"Maqui berry cystatin inhibits cathepsin k activity and stimulates osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells.","journal":"Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB"},{"date":"2026","pmid":"41640693","title":"Morphological and transcriptomic change of brain pericytes by lipopolysaccharide treatment.","journal":"Frontiers in neural circuits"},{"date":"2026 Jan 27","pmid":"41593082","title":"The Drosophila proventriculus lacks stem cells but compensates for age-related cell loss via endoreplication-mediated cell growth.","journal":"Nature communications"}],"companionDiagnostics":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"status":"discontinued","companyName":"National Cancer Institute (NCI)","companyId":"national-cancer-institute-nci","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Broxuridine, also known as bromodeoxyuridine, is a small molecule drug developed by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) that targets thymidine kinase, a key enzyme in DNA synthesis. It is classified as a broxuridine and works by inhibiting DNA replication, making it a potential treatment for various cancers. However, its commercial status and approved indications are unknown, and it has not been FDA-approved. As a result, its availability, safety, and efficacy are not well-established. Further research is needed to fully understand its potential as a cancer treatment.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"partial","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":false,"safety":false,"trials":true,"score":2}}