{"id":"biltricide","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"10-30","effect":"Abdominal pain"},{"rate":"5-15","effect":"Nausea"},{"rate":"5-15","effect":"Headache"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Dizziness"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Diarrhea"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Fever"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":{"setId":"34ce1cdd-648e-4f1e-8512-bf3d4cc22eb9","title":"BILTRICIDE (PRAZIQUANTEL) TABLET, FILM COATED [BAYER HEALTHCARE PHARMACEUTICALS INC.]"},"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Praziquantel works by disrupting the calcium ion balance in parasitic worm cells, leading to uncontrolled muscle contractions and paralysis. The drug increases the permeability of the worm's cell membrane to calcium, causing an influx that the parasite cannot regulate. This results in spastic paralysis and detachment of the worm from host tissues, followed by death and clearance by the immune system.","oneSentence":"Praziquantel causes muscular paralysis and death of parasitic worms by increasing cell membrane permeability to calcium ions.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T01:04:28.058Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Schistosomiasis (infection with Schistosoma species)"},{"name":"Cysticercosis (Taenia solium infection)"},{"name":"Opisthorchiasis and clonorchiasis (liver fluke infections)"},{"name":"Other trematode and cestode infections"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT03845140","phase":"PHASE3","title":"L-PZQ ODT in Schistosoma Infected Children","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany","startDate":"2019-09-02","conditions":"Schistosomiasis","enrollment":288},{"nctId":"NCT04679831","phase":"PHASE2, PHASE3","title":"Clinical Evaluation of Ujiplus® Against Schistosoma Mansoni","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Kenya Medical Research Institute","startDate":"2021-05-06","conditions":"Schistosoma Mansoni","enrollment":400},{"nctId":"NCT04314037","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Bioequivalence Study of Coated Cesol Tablet Formulation Versus Biltricide","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany","startDate":"2020-06-17","conditions":"Healthy","enrollment":36},{"nctId":"NCT03383523","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Relative Bioavailability Study of Emodepside IR-tablets and Solution","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Drugs for Neglected Diseases","startDate":"2017-10-26","conditions":"Filariasis","enrollment":77},{"nctId":"NCT02271984","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Relative Bioavailability Trial of L-Praziquantel in Healthy Volunteers","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany","startDate":"2014-10-31","conditions":"Healthy","enrollment":36},{"nctId":"NCT02315352","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Cross-over Study to Evaluate the Palatability of New Orally Disintegrating Tablets (ODTs) of Praziquantel (PZQ) and L-PZQ Versus Current PZQ Tablets in African Children Age 6-11 Years","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany","startDate":"2015-04","conditions":"Healthy","enrollment":48},{"nctId":"NCT01529710","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Safety and Efficacy of Mirazid for Schistosomiasis Treatment","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Pharco Pharmaceuticals","startDate":"2011-12","conditions":"Schistosoma Hematobium Infection, Schistosomiasis Mansoni","enrollment":200},{"nctId":"NCT00510159","phase":"PHASE2, PHASE3","title":"Comparing Praziquantel Versus Artesunate + Sulfamethoxypyrazine/Pyrimethamine for Treating Schistosomiasis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Dafra Pharma","startDate":"2007-08","conditions":"Schistosoma Haematobium","enrollment":800}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":97,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":["Praziquantel"],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Biltricide®","genericName":"Biltricide®","companyName":"Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany","companyId":"merck-kgaa-darmstadt-germany","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Praziquantel causes muscular paralysis and death of parasitic worms by increasing cell membrane permeability to calcium ions. Used for Schistosomiasis (infection with Schistosoma species), Cysticercosis (Taenia solium infection), Opisthorchiasis and clonorchiasis (liver fluke infections).","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":1,"trialStats":{"total":1,"withResults":1},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}