{"id":"benzoxonium-chloride","rwe":[],"tags":[{"label":"benzoxonium chloride","category":"class"},{"label":"Small Molecule","category":"modality"},{"label":"A01AB14","category":"atc"},{"label":"Active","category":"status"}],"phase":"phase_2","safety":{},"trials":[],"aliases":[],"patents":[],"pricing":[],"allNames":"bactofen","offLabel":[],"synonyms":["benzoxonium chloride","benzyldodecyldiethanolammonium chloride","bactofen"],"timeline":[],"brandName":"Bactofen","ecosystem":[],"mechanism":{"modality":"Small Molecule","drugClass":"benzoxonium chloride","explanation":"Imagine a strong detergent that breaks down the protective layer around bacteria, causing them to die. This is essentially how Bactofen works, but instead of a detergent, it's a small molecule that interacts with the bacterial cell membrane. By disrupting this membrane, Bactofen prevents bacteria from functioning properly and ultimately kills them.","oneSentence":"Bactofen works by disrupting bacterial cell membranes, ultimately leading to cell death.","technicalDetail":"Bactofen exerts its antimicrobial effects by interacting with the bacterial cell membrane, altering its structure and function, and ultimately leading to cell lysis and death."},"commercial":{},"references":[{"id":1,"url":"https://drugcentral.org/drugcard/3019","fields":["approvals","synonyms","ATC","PK","indications","contraindications","DDIs","targets","patents","FAERS"],"source":"DrugCentral"},{"id":2,"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=BENZOXONIUM%20CHLORIDE","fields":["trials"],"source":"ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"id":3,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=BENZOXONIUM CHLORIDE","fields":["publications"],"source":"PubMed/NCBI"}],"_enrichedAt":"2026-03-30T08:57:32.236017","_validation":{"fieldsValidated":0,"lastValidatedAt":"2026-04-20T08:50:44.947090+00:00","fieldsConflicting":0,"overallConfidence":0.95},"biosimilars":[],"competitors":[{"drugName":"hydrogen peroxide","drugSlug":"hydrogen-peroxide","fdaApproval":"","patentExpiry":"Jul 4, 2035","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"chlorhexidine","drugSlug":"chlorhexidine","fdaApproval":"1976-09-17","patentExpiry":"Oct 2, 2027","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"amphotericin B","drugSlug":"amphotericin-b","fdaApproval":"1964-11-12","genericCount":9,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"oxyquinoline","drugSlug":"oxyquinoline","fdaApproval":"","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"neomycin","drugSlug":"neomycin","fdaApproval":"1957-03-26","genericCount":12,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"miconazole","drugSlug":"miconazole","fdaApproval":"1974-01-08","patentStatus":"Unknown","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"natamycin","drugSlug":"natamycin","fdaApproval":"1978-10-30","patentStatus":"Unknown","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"tetracycline","drugSlug":"tetracycline","fdaApproval":"1953-11-19","genericCount":34,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"metronidazole","drugSlug":"metronidazole","fdaApproval":"1963-07-18","patentExpiry":"Oct 4, 2039","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"clotrimazole","drugSlug":"clotrimazole","fdaApproval":"1975-02-03","patentExpiry":"May 26, 2042","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"chlortetracycline","drugSlug":"chlortetracycline","fdaApproval":"1950-01-23","patentStatus":"Unknown","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"doxycycline","drugSlug":"doxycycline","fdaApproval":"1967-12-05","patentExpiry":"Dec 19, 2027","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"minocycline","drugSlug":"minocycline","fdaApproval":"1971-06-30","patentExpiry":"Sep 8, 2037","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"oxytetracycline","drugSlug":"oxytetracycline","fdaApproval":"1964-09-08","patentStatus":"Unknown","relationship":"same-class"}],"genericName":"benzoxonium chloride","indications":{"approved":[],"offLabel":[],"pipeline":[]},"drugCategory":"active","labelChanges":[],"relatedDrugs":[{"drugId":"hydrogen-peroxide","brandName":"hydrogen peroxide","genericName":"hydrogen peroxide","approvalYear":"","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"chlorhexidine","brandName":"chlorhexidine","genericName":"chlorhexidine","approvalYear":"1976","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"amphotericin-b","brandName":"amphotericin B","genericName":"amphotericin B","approvalYear":"1964","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"oxyquinoline","brandName":"oxyquinoline","genericName":"oxyquinoline","approvalYear":"","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"neomycin","brandName":"neomycin","genericName":"neomycin","approvalYear":"1957","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"miconazole","brandName":"miconazole","genericName":"miconazole","approvalYear":"1974","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"natamycin","brandName":"natamycin","genericName":"natamycin","approvalYear":"1978","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"tetracycline","brandName":"tetracycline","genericName":"tetracycline","approvalYear":"1953","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"metronidazole","brandName":"metronidazole","genericName":"metronidazole","approvalYear":"1963","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"clotrimazole","brandName":"clotrimazole","genericName":"clotrimazole","approvalYear":"1975","relationship":"same-class"}],"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT02444039","phase":"","title":"Slit Lamp and Digital Camera Attachment","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Topcon Medical Systems, Inc.","startDate":"2014-11","conditions":["Any Willing and Able Person for Ocular Imaging"],"enrollment":20,"completionDate":"2014-12"},{"nctId":"NCT02851147","phase":"","title":"Slit Lamp Model SL-D-301 and DC-4 Digital Camera Attachment","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Topcon Medical Systems, Inc.","startDate":"2016-05","conditions":["Ocular Images"],"enrollment":30,"completionDate":"2016-06"}],"genericFilers":[],"latestUpdates":[],"manufacturing":[],"crossReferences":{"NDDF":"007314","UNII":"12IMO9R11X","CHEBI":"CHEBI:135537","INN_ID":"4108","RXNORM":"46949","UMLSCUI":"C0105668","ChEMBL_ID":"CHEMBL2104255","KEGG_DRUG":"D07069","DRUGBANK_ID":"DB13565","PUBCHEM_CID":"29563","SNOMEDCT_US":"1162408005","MESH_SUPPLEMENTAL_RECORD_UI":"C013850"},"formularyStatus":[],"_enricherVersion":"v2","developmentCodes":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"publicationCount":15,"therapeuticAreas":["Infectious Disease"],"atcClassification":{"source":"DrugCentral","atcCode":"A01AB14","allCodes":["A01AB14","D08AJ05"]},"biosimilarFilings":[],"recentPublications":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"status":"active","companyName":"","companyId":"","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Bactofen is a medication that has been studied in clinical trials for ocular imaging, specifically using the slit lamp model SL-D-301 and the digital camera attachment DC-4. The exact mechanism of action and indications for Bactofen are not specified in the provided information, but it has been used in a completed clinical trial for ocular imaging.","enrichmentLevel":5,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"validation":{"fieldsValidated":0,"lastValidatedAt":"2026-04-20T08:50:44.947090+00:00","fieldsConflicting":0,"overallConfidence":0.95},"verificationStatus":"partial","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":false,"safety":false,"trials":true,"score":2}}