{"id":"belladonna-and-opium-suppositories","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Dry mouth"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Constipation"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Drowsiness"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Dizziness"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Urinary retention"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Belladonna (atropine and related tropane alkaloids) acts as an anticholinergic agent, inhibiting parasympathetic nervous system activity to relax smooth muscle in the gastrointestinal tract and reduce spasms. Opium alkaloids (primarily morphine and codeine) bind to mu and other opioid receptors in the central and peripheral nervous system, providing pain relief and reducing intestinal secretions and motility. Together, these agents address both pain and spasm associated with rectal and anal conditions.","oneSentence":"Belladonna alkaloids block muscarinic cholinergic receptors to reduce smooth muscle spasms, while opium alkaloids activate opioid receptors to provide analgesia and further reduce intestinal motility.","_ai_confidence":"medium"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T00:28:17.941Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Rectal pain and spasm"},{"name":"Hemorrhoids"},{"name":"Post-anal surgical pain"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT03332056","phase":"PHASE4","title":"The Use of Belladonna and Opium Suppository in the Treatment of Postoperative Stent Pain","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Washington","startDate":"2013-08","conditions":"Nephrolithiasis","enrollment":71},{"nctId":"NCT00863928","phase":"NA","title":"Effects of Perioperative B&O Suppositories on Post-op Pain and Morphine Use After Laparoscopic Prostatectomy","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Benaroya Research Institute","startDate":"2008-10","conditions":"Pain","enrollment":135},{"nctId":"NCT03657407","phase":"PHASE4","title":"B&O for TLH Post-operative Pain and Nausea","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Anna Reinert","startDate":"2016-06-01","conditions":"Hysterectomy, Pain, Postoperative","enrollment":56},{"nctId":"NCT02865395","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Timing of B and O Suppositories to Help Relieve Post-operative Bladder Spasms","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Campbell Grant","startDate":"2016-03","conditions":"Overactive Bladder","enrollment":23},{"nctId":"NCT01271855","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Assessing Maternal Post-partum Pain With Suppositories","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Loyola University","startDate":"2009-07-22","conditions":"Pain","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT02291042","phase":"NA","title":"Effect of an Anti-spasmodic Suppository to Improve Comfort After Urologic Surgery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Southern New Hampshire Medical Center","startDate":"2015-10","conditions":"Surgery","enrollment":50},{"nctId":"NCT01150474","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Postoperative Belladonna and Morphine Suppositories in Vaginal Surgery","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Kristina A. Butler","startDate":"2011-01","conditions":"Vaginal Surgery","enrollment":103}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":4,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":["B & O Supprettes"],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Belladonna and Opium Suppositories","genericName":"Belladonna and Opium Suppositories","companyName":"Kristina A. Butler","companyId":"kristina-a-butler","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Belladonna alkaloids block muscarinic cholinergic receptors to reduce smooth muscle spasms, while opium alkaloids activate opioid receptors to provide analgesia and further reduce intestinal motility. Used for Rectal pain and spasm, Hemorrhoids, Post-anal surgical pain.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}