{"id":"atovaquone-proguanil","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"8-17","effect":"Abdominal pain"},{"rate":"8-21","effect":"Nausea"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Vomiting"},{"rate":"6-15","effect":"Diarrhea"},{"rate":"10-13","effect":"Headache"},{"rate":"3-8","effect":"Dizziness"},{"rate":"1-3","effect":"Rash"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":{"setId":"4b80d087-eaa7-448f-967e-344de7f16436","title":"ATOVAQUONE AND PROGUANIL HYDROCHLORIDE TABLET, FILM COATED ATOVAQUONE AND PROGUANIL HYDROCHLORIDE PEDIATRIC TABLET, FILM COATED [GLENMARK PHARMACEUTICALS INC.,USA]"},"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Atovaquone acts as an ubiquinone analog that disrupts the mitochondrial electron transport chain in Plasmodium species, collapsing the proton gradient needed for ATP synthesis. Proguanil is a prodrug converted to cycloguanil, which inhibits dihydrofolate reductase and blocks folate-dependent nucleotide synthesis. The combination provides synergistic activity against both erythrocytic and exoerythrocytic stages of the parasite.","oneSentence":"Atovaquone inhibits parasite mitochondrial electron transport while proguanil inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, together disrupting nucleotide synthesis and energy production in malaria parasites.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:42:49.720Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Malaria prophylaxis in travelers to endemic areas"},{"name":"Acute uncomplicated malaria treatment"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT06735209","phase":"PHASE1","title":"First-in-Human PfSPZ-LARC2 Vaccination/CHMI","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)","startDate":"2025-07-23","conditions":"Malaria","enrollment":22},{"nctId":"NCT05974267","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Efficacy, Safety, and PK of M5717 in Combination With Pyronaridine as Chemoprevention in Adults and Adolescents With Asymptomatic Plasmodium Falciparum Infection (CAPTURE-2)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany","startDate":"2023-11-28","conditions":"Malaria Infection","enrollment":192},{"nctId":"NCT06294912","phase":"PHASE1","title":"A Study to Evaluate Antimalarial Activity and Safety of MK-7602 in Healthy Adults (MK-7602-003)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC","startDate":"2024-04-18","conditions":"Malaria","enrollment":16},{"nctId":"NCT03813108","phase":"NA","title":"Safety and Efficacy of NF135 CPS Immunization","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Radboud University Medical Center","startDate":"2019-04-01","conditions":"Malaria,Falciparum, Controlled Human Malaria Infection, Immunization; Infection","enrollment":43},{"nctId":"NCT04866602","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Atoguanil BA Study","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Medicines for Malaria Venture","startDate":"2021-11-17","conditions":"Bioavailability","enrollment":16},{"nctId":"NCT04568772","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Study to Evaluate the Influence of Tegoprazan on the Pharmacokinetics of Proguanil in Healthy Volunteers","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Seoul National University Hospital","startDate":"2020-11-25","conditions":"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease","enrollment":19},{"nctId":"NCT02564471","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Effect of Antimalarial Drugs to Rabies Vaccine for Post-exposure Prophylaxis.","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"State University of New York - 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