{"id":"anti-epileptic-drug-aed","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"30-60","effect":"Voice alteration / hoarseness"},{"rate":"10-20","effect":"Cough"},{"rate":"5-15","effect":"Dyspnea"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Neck pain"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Infection at implant site"},{"rate":"5","effect":"Device malfunction / lead fracture"}]},"_chembl":null,"_fixedAt":"2026-03-30T16:53:02.960993","_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"The device stimulates the left vagus nerve with programmed electrical pulses, which transmit signals to multiple brain regions involved in seizure generation and control. This neuromodulation approach alters abnormal electrical activity patterns associated with epilepsy. The exact mechanism is not fully understood but involves effects on neurotransmitter systems and seizure threshold elevation.","oneSentence":"Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) delivers electrical pulses to the vagus nerve to modulate brain activity and reduce seizure frequency.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:42:28.704Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Adjunctive therapy for refractory partial-onset seizures in patients ≥4 years old"},{"name":"Adjunctive therapy for generalized seizures"}]},"_fixedFields":["pubmed(4)"],"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT03048084","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Seizure Treatment in Glioma","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Leiden University Medical Center","startDate":"2018-02-01","conditions":"Glioma","enrollment":120},{"nctId":"NCT05159908","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Study to Investigate How Effective, Safe and Tolerable the Drug NBI-921352 is When Used With Anti-seizure Medications in 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Used for Adjunctive therapy for refractory partial-onset seizures in patients ≥4 years old, Adjunctive therapy for generalized seizures.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}