{"id":"amiodarone-beta-blocker-sotalol","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"10-20","effect":"Fatigue"},{"rate":"10-15","effect":"Dizziness"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Dyspnea"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Bradycardia"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"QT prolongation"},{"rate":"1-2","effect":"Torsades de pointes"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Hypotension"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Nausea"}]},"_chembl":{"chemblId":"CHEMBL1083993","moleculeType":"Small molecule","molecularWeight":"681.78"},"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Sotalol combines beta-adrenergic receptor antagonism (Class II antiarrhythmic effect) with potassium channel blockade that prolongs the QT interval (Class III effect). This dual mechanism reduces heart rate, slows AV nodal conduction, and increases the refractory period of cardiac tissue, making it effective for both rate control and rhythm suppression in atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmias.","oneSentence":"Sotalol is a non-selective beta-blocker with additional Class III antiarrhythmic activity that slows heart rate and prolongs the cardiac action potential to prevent arrhythmias.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:40:30.396Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter (maintenance of normal sinus rhythm)"},{"name":"Ventricular arrhythmias including life-threatening ventricular tachycardia"},{"name":"Hypertension"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT05524077","phase":"NA","title":"Catheter Ablation Versus Anti-arrhythmic Drugs for Ventricular Tachycardia","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Western Sydney Local Health District","startDate":"2020-07-08","conditions":"Heart Disease Structural Disorder, Ventricular Tachycardia, Cardiomyopathy, Dilated","enrollment":162},{"nctId":"NCT07447297","phase":"NA","title":"Efficacy of Early Rhythm Control Therapy in Patients With Subclinical Atrial Fibrillation","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Samsung Medical Center","startDate":"2024-01-02","conditions":"Atrial Fibrillation (AF), Diseases of the Circulatory System, Atrial Flutter","enrollment":520},{"nctId":"NCT07405671","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Flecainide Safety in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease and Atrial Fibrillation","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Universitaire Ziekenhuizen KU Leuven","startDate":"2026-09","conditions":"Atrial Fibrillation (AF), Coronary Artery Disease","enrollment":988},{"nctId":"NCT06322017","phase":"NA","title":"Prospective Multicenter Randomized and Controlled Study Evaluating the Benefit of Early Pulmonary Vein Isolation Compared to Usual Treatment in Patients Aged Over 75 Years and Presenting With Atrial Fibrillation","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Nantes University Hospital","startDate":"2024-04-09","conditions":"Atrial Fibrillation","enrollment":294},{"nctId":"NCT02459574","phase":"NA","title":"Ablation Verses Anti-arrhythmic Therapy for Reducing All Hospital Episodes From Recurrent Atrial Fibrillation","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Imperial College London","startDate":"2015-05-01","conditions":"Heart Failure, Recurrent Atrial Fibrillation","enrollment":321},{"nctId":"NCT03531502","phase":"NA","title":"Initial Management of Patients Receiving a Single Shock (IMPRESS)","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Saint Luke's Health System","startDate":"2018-04-09","conditions":"Ventricular Tachycardia","enrollment":30},{"nctId":"NCT00000556","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)","startDate":"1995-03","conditions":"Arrhythmia, Atrial Fibrillation, Cardiovascular Diseases","enrollment":""},{"nctId":"NCT00589303","phase":"PHASE3","title":"AV Node Ablation and Pacemaker Therapy Compared to Drug Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation - Pilot Study","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Mayo Clinic","startDate":"2007-12","conditions":"Atrial Fibrillation, Heart Failure","enrollment":27},{"nctId":"NCT00578617","phase":"NA","title":"Ablation vs Drug Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation - Pilot Trial","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Mayo Clinic","startDate":"2006-09","conditions":"Atrial Fibrillation, Arrhythmia","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT01411371","phase":"NA","title":"Catheter Ablation Versus Medical Treatment of AF in Heart Failure","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Barts & The London NHS Trust","startDate":"2005-03","conditions":"Atrial Fibrillation, Heart Failure","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT00257959","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Optimal Pharmacological Therapy In Implantable Defibrillator Patients (OPTIC)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Connolly, Stuart, M.D.","startDate":"2001-01","conditions":"Ventricular Tachycardia","enrollment":400}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":0,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"amiodarone beta blocker sotalol","genericName":"amiodarone beta blocker sotalol","companyName":"Connolly, Stuart, M.D.","companyId":"connolly-stuart-m-d","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Sotalol is a non-selective beta-blocker with additional Class III antiarrhythmic activity that slows heart rate and prolongs the cardiac action potential to prevent arrhythmias. Used for Atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter (maintenance of normal sinus rhythm), Ventricular arrhythmias including life-threatening ventricular tachycardia, Hypertension.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}