{"id":"allopurinol-tablet","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"1-3%","effect":"Rash"},{"rate":"1-2%","effect":"Nausea"},{"rate":"1-2%","effect":"Diarrhea"},{"rate":"1%","effect":"Headache"},{"rate":"0.1-0.4%","effect":"Allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome"},{"rate":"rare","effect":"Hepatotoxicity"}]},"_chembl":{"chemblId":"CHEMBL1467","moleculeType":"Small molecule","molecularWeight":"136.11"},"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Allopurinol is a purine analog that competitively inhibits xanthine oxidase, the final enzyme in the purine degradation pathway. By blocking this enzyme, it decreases the production of uric acid from purine metabolism, leading to lower serum uric acid concentrations and reduced uric acid crystal deposition in tissues and joints. This mechanism prevents acute gout attacks and the formation of uric acid kidney stones.","oneSentence":"Allopurinol inhibits xanthine oxidase, an enzyme that converts hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid, thereby reducing serum and urinary uric acid levels.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T00:21:12.489Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Chronic gout and hyperuricemia"},{"name":"Prevention of acute gout attacks"},{"name":"Uric acid nephropathy and kidney stone prevention"},{"name":"Hyperuricemia secondary to malignancy or chemotherapy"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT07089888","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study of Dotinurad Versus Allopurinol in Tophaceous Gout","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Crystalys Therapeutics","startDate":"2025-08-04","conditions":"Tophaceous Gout","enrollment":250},{"nctId":"NCT07089875","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study of Dotinurad Versus Allopurinol in Participants With Gout","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Crystalys Therapeutics","startDate":"2025-08-01","conditions":"Gout","enrollment":500},{"nctId":"NCT04621929","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Phentermine/Topiramate for Uric Acid Stones","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Florida","startDate":"2021-03-31","conditions":"Obesity, Uric Acid Stones, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Obese","enrollment":19},{"nctId":"NCT07369622","phase":"PHASE4","title":"HLA-B*58:01-Guided Therapy for Gout: Effectiveness, Safety, and Cost-Effectiveness","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Haiphong University of Medicine and Pharmacy","startDate":"2026-01-20","conditions":"Gout Initiating Urate-loweringUrate-lowering Therapy, Gout Arthritis, Gout and Hyperuricemia","enrollment":228},{"nctId":"NCT07033533","phase":"PHASE1, PHASE2","title":"Allopurinol and Pathogenesis of Cirrhosis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Tanta University","startDate":"2023-06-01","conditions":"Cirrhoses, Liver","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT06995339","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Comparative Clinical and Biochemical Study Evaluating the Effectiveness of Metformin Versus Febuxostat on Gouty Obese Non-Diabetic Patients","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Mostafa Bahaa","startDate":"2025-05-30","conditions":"Gout","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT06966635","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Exploratory Study on the Treatment of Gout With Potassium Citrate Sustained-release Tablets","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Huashan Hospital","startDate":"2024-04-10","conditions":"Hyperuricemia or Gout, Nephrolithiasis","enrollment":312},{"nctId":"NCT05734495","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Pirtobrutinib and Venetoclax in Waldenström Macroglobulinemia","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Dana-Farber Cancer Institute","startDate":"2023-05-02","conditions":"Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia","enrollment":42},{"nctId":"NCT05253833","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Phase 2 to Assess Efficacy and Safety in AR882 Alone or in Combination With Allopurinol in Patients With Tophaceous Gout","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Arthrosi Therapeutics","startDate":"2022-08-12","conditions":"Gout, Arthritis, Gouty, Hyperuricemia","enrollment":42},{"nctId":"NCT04956432","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Multicentre, Randomized, Double-blind, Allopurinol Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of SHR4640 in Subjects With Gout","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Jiangsu HengRui Medicine Co., Ltd.","startDate":"2021-06-15","conditions":"Gout","enrollment":779},{"nctId":"NCT05943821","phase":"PHASE3","title":"The Effect of Allopurinol on the Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Cardiovascular Risk","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Poznan University of Medical Sciences","startDate":"2023-09-01","conditions":"Cardiovascular Diseases, Uric Acid","enrollment":1116},{"nctId":"NCT06622603","phase":"PHASE4","title":"The Effects of Febuxostat Dose Tapering in Gout Patients Optimally Controlled for 5 Years or More","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Seoul National University Hospital","startDate":"2024-10-15","conditions":"Gout, Uric Acid","enrollment":59},{"nctId":"NCT02579096","phase":"PHASE4","title":"CSP594 Comparative Effectiveness in Gout: Allopurinol vs. Febuxostat","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"VA Office of Research and Development","startDate":"2017-03-06","conditions":"Gout, Chronic Kidney Diseases","enrollment":950},{"nctId":"NCT05828836","phase":"PHASE2, PHASE3","title":"Allopurinol and Quality of Life in Liver Cirrhosis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Tanta University","startDate":"2022-06-15","conditions":"Cirrhosis, Liver","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT04327024","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Study of Verinurad in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"AstraZeneca","startDate":"2020-05-19","conditions":"Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF)","enrollment":159},{"nctId":"NCT04550234","phase":"PHASE1","title":"A Study in Healthy Subjects to Assess Drug Availability of 4 Different Formulations of Verinurad and Allopurinol","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"AstraZeneca","startDate":"2021-04-13","conditions":"Chronic Kidney Disease","enrollment":25},{"nctId":"NCT05545670","phase":"PHASE2, PHASE3","title":"Allopurinol to Prevent Cirrhosis Related Morbidities","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Tanta University","startDate":"2022-06-15","conditions":"Cirrhosis","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT05511766","phase":"PHASE2, PHASE3","title":"Allopurinol Versus Atorvastatin to Prevent Complications of Liver Cirrhosis","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Tanta University","startDate":"2022-11-15","conditions":"Cirrhosis, Hepatic Encephalopathy, Ascites","enrollment":150},{"nctId":"NCT04532918","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Pharmacokinetics of Verinurad and Allopurinol in Combination With Cyclosporine and Rifampicin in Healthy Volunteers","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"AstraZeneca","startDate":"2020-09-10","conditions":"Chronic Kidney Disease","enrollment":14},{"nctId":"NCT03990363","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Study of Verinurad and Allopurinol in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease and Hyperuricaemia","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"AstraZeneca","startDate":"2019-07-23","conditions":"Chronic Kidney Disease","enrollment":861},{"nctId":"NCT03336203","phase":"PHASE4","title":"The Impact of Urate-lowering Therapy on Kidney Function (IMPULsKF)","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Medical Practice Prof D. Ivanov","startDate":"2017-10-30","conditions":"Gout, CKD Stage 1-4, SUA Level (>8 mg/dL; 480 µmol/L)","enrollment":2},{"nctId":"NCT04052932","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study of Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of SHR4640 in Subjects With Gout","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Jiangsu HengRui Medicine Co., Ltd.","startDate":"2019-07-16","conditions":"Gout","enrollment":594},{"nctId":"NCT05414669","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Allopurinol Effect on MDA,NO,KIM-1 Urine Levels, RI and Renal Elastography in Kidney Stone Patients Post ESWL","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Sanglah General Hospital","startDate":"2020-08-06","conditions":"Kidney Calculi","enrollment":35},{"nctId":"NCT03334318","phase":"","title":"PERL Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) Study","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Joslin Diabetes Center","startDate":"2017-10-01","conditions":"Diabetic Nephropathies","enrollment":175},{"nctId":"NCT05193838","phase":"","title":"Effect of Allopurinol on Left Ventricular Function in Children With Dilated Cardiomyopathy","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Assiut University","startDate":"2022-05-01","conditions":"Dilated Cardiomyopathy","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT03226899","phase":"PHASE4","title":"A Phase 4 Safety and Efficacy Study to Evaluate Lesinurad 200 mg in Participants With Gout and Renal Impairment","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Inc.","startDate":"2017-07-19","conditions":"Gout, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)","enrollment":242},{"nctId":"NCT04368819","phase":"PHASE2, PHASE3","title":"Allopurinol in Patients With Refractory Angina to Improve Ischemic Symptoms","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Ministry of Health, Brazil","startDate":"2021-03-03","conditions":"Refractory Angina","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT03353298","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Lowering Uric Acid in Live Kidney Donors","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Oslo University Hospital","startDate":"2018-01-17","conditions":"Renal Transplant Donor of Left Kidney, Renal Transplant Donor of Right Kidney","enrollment":71},{"nctId":"NCT02038179","phase":"PHASE2, PHASE3","title":"Center of Research Translation (CORT) Project 2","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","startDate":"2014-07","conditions":"Pre-hypertension, JNC 7 Stage I Hypertension","enrollment":99},{"nctId":"NCT02017171","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Multicenter Clinical Trial of Allopurinol to Prevent Kidney Function Loss in Type 1 Diabetes","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Alessandro Doria","startDate":"2014-02","conditions":"Diabetic Nephropathies, Coronary Artery Disease","enrollment":530},{"nctId":"NCT02237339","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Does Allopurinol Reduce Thickening of the Left Ventricle of the Heart in Patient With Treated Hypertension?","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Dundee","startDate":"2014-09","conditions":"Hypertension, Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular","enrollment":72},{"nctId":"NCT02600780","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Zurig (Febuxostat) 40mg Efficacy and Safety Trial","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Getz Pharma","startDate":"2013-11","conditions":"Hyperuricemia","enrollment":50},{"nctId":"NCT02500641","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Intensive Urate Lowering Therapy of Febuxostat Compared to Allopurinol on Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Gout","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Menarini International Operations Luxembourg SA","startDate":"2015-08-17","conditions":"Gout","enrollment":196},{"nctId":"NCT03272425","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Lesinurad/Allopurinol 200/300 Fixed-Dose Combination (FDC) Tablets Bioequivalence.","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Ardea Biosciences, Inc.","startDate":"2017-08-14","conditions":"Gout","enrollment":32},{"nctId":"NCT02829177","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Microalbuminuria and Allopurinol in Type 1 Diabetes","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Peter Rossing","startDate":"2014-09","conditions":"Type 1 Diabetes, Diabetic Nephropathy","enrollment":30},{"nctId":"NCT01101035","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Cardiovascular Safety of Febuxostat and Allopurinol in Participants With Gout and Cardiovascular Comorbidities (CARES)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Takeda","startDate":"2010-04-23","conditions":"Cardiovascular Disease","enrollment":6198},{"nctId":"NCT01550107","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Allopurinol in Functional Impairment (ALFIE) Trial: 'Improving Muscle Strength'","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Dundee","startDate":"2015-02-01","conditions":"Sarcopenia","enrollment":124},{"nctId":"NCT00401388","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Trial of Perifosine in Patients With Chemo-Insensitive Sarcomas","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"AEterna Zentaris","startDate":"2006-11","conditions":"Chondrosarcomas, Alveolar Soft Part Sarcomas, Extra Skeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcomas","enrollment":72},{"nctId":"NCT02063997","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Arhalofenate for Preventing Flares and Reducing Serum Uric Acid in Gout Patients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Gilead Sciences","startDate":"2014-03","conditions":"Gout","enrollment":248},{"nctId":"NCT02498652","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Phase 2a RDEA3170 and Allopurinol Combination Study in Gout Subjects","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Ardea Biosciences, Inc.","startDate":"2015-07-28","conditions":"Gout","enrollment":41},{"nctId":"NCT00602693","phase":"PHASE1","title":"T-Regulatory Cell Infusion Post Umbilical Cord Blood Transplant in Patients With Advanced Hematologic Cancer","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota","startDate":"2007-07-23","conditions":"Leukemia, Lymphoma, Multiple Myeloma","enrollment":41},{"nctId":"NCT01320722","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Study of Vitamin D and Uric Acid Lowering on Kidney and Blood Vessel Function","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","startDate":"2011-03","conditions":"Renal Function, Endothelial Function, Blood Pressure","enrollment":242},{"nctId":"NCT01228903","phase":"NA","title":"Uric Acid and the Endothelium in CKD","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Colorado, Denver","startDate":"2010-10","conditions":"Kidney Disease","enrollment":80},{"nctId":"NCT02888054","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Lesinurad/Allopurinol 200/300 FDC Tablets Bioequivalence","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Ardea Biosciences, Inc.","startDate":"2016-08-30","conditions":"Healthy","enrollment":28},{"nctId":"NCT01147705","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Allopurinol as a Possible Oxygen Sparing Agent During Exercise in Peripheral Arterial Disease","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Dundee","startDate":"2011-02","conditions":"Peripheral Arterial Disease","enrollment":50},{"nctId":"NCT01808131","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Lesinurad and Allopurinol Combination Extension Study in Gout","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Ardea Biosciences, Inc.","startDate":"2013-02","conditions":"Gout","enrollment":717},{"nctId":"NCT02581553","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Lesinurad/Allopurinol 200/300 FDC Tablets Bioavailability","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Ardea Biosciences, Inc.","startDate":"2015-10","conditions":"Healthy","enrollment":116},{"nctId":"NCT01987570","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Effect of Allopurinol Administration on the Prevention of Muscle Mass Loss in Subject Immobilized.","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria La Fe","startDate":"2012-04","conditions":"Patients With Grade II Ankle Sprain","enrollment":53},{"nctId":"NCT01510158","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Combining Lesinurad With Allopurinol in Inadequate Responders","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Ardea Biosciences, Inc.","startDate":"2012-01","conditions":"Gout","enrollment":607},{"nctId":"NCT01493531","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Combining Lesinurad With Allopurinol in Inadequate Responders","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Ardea Biosciences, Inc.","startDate":"2011-12","conditions":"Gout","enrollment":610},{"nctId":"NCT01399008","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Safety/Efficacy Study to Evaluate of MBX-102 in Combination With Allopurinol in Gout Patients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Gilead Sciences","startDate":"2011-06","conditions":"Gout","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT00109837","phase":"PHASE2","title":"S0333 Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Patients With Newly Diagnosed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"SWOG Cancer Research Network","startDate":"2005-04","conditions":"Leukemia","enrollment":79},{"nctId":"NCT01391325","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Allopurinol Outcome Study","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Ardea Biosciences, Inc.","startDate":"2011-07","conditions":"Gout","enrollment":1735},{"nctId":"NCT00607152","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Rasburicase (Fasturtec) Registration Trial","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Sanofi","startDate":"2007-10","conditions":"Hyperuricemia","enrollment":10},{"nctId":"NCT00002571","phase":"PHASE2","title":"SWOG-9320 Combination Chemotherapy, Radiation Therapy, and Antiviral Therapy in Treating Patients With AIDS-Related Lymphoma","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"SWOG Cancer Research Network","startDate":"1994-06","conditions":"Lymphoma","enrollment":52},{"nctId":"NCT01603134","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Bioequivalence Study of Allopurinol 300 mg Tablets USP Under Fasting Condition","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"IPCA Laboratories Ltd.","startDate":"2007-11","conditions":"Fasting State","enrollment":32},{"nctId":"NCT00849368","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Azathioprine & Allopurinol in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Zurich","startDate":"2009-01","conditions":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","enrollment":6},{"nctId":"NCT01310673","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Initiation of Allopurinol at First Medical Contact for Acute Attacks of Gout","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"White River Junction Veterans Affairs Medical Center","startDate":"1998-01","conditions":"Gout, Gout Acute","enrollment":57},{"nctId":"NCT01052987","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Study of Tranilast Alone or in Combination With Allopurinol in Subjects With Hyperuricemia","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Nuon Therapeutics, Inc.","startDate":"2010-01","conditions":"Gout, Hyperuricemia","enrollment":24},{"nctId":"NCT00175019","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Allopurinol Versus Febuxostat in Subjects Completing the Phase 3 Trials C02-009 or C02-010","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Takeda","startDate":"2003-07","conditions":"Gout","enrollment":1086},{"nctId":"NCT00480883","phase":"NA","title":"Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis With Meglumine Antimoniate Versus Meglumine Antimoniate and Allopurinol","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Combined Military Hospital, Pakistan","startDate":"2008-01","conditions":"Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous","enrollment":400}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":7,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":["Xanthine oxidase inhibitor"],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Allopurinol Tablet","genericName":"Allopurinol Tablet","companyName":"Haiphong University of Medicine and Pharmacy","companyId":"haiphong-university-of-medicine-and-pharmacy","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Allopurinol is a small molecule that inhibits xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase, a drug class of inhibitor. It is used to treat conditions such as gout, leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and plasma cell neoplasm, as indicated by clinical trials.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":2,"withResults":1},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}