{"id":"alimemazine","rwe":[],"tags":[{"label":"trimeprazine","category":"class"},{"label":"Small Molecule","category":"modality"},{"label":"FAD-linked sulfhydryl oxidase ALR","category":"target"},{"label":"GFER","category":"gene"},{"label":"HRH1","category":"gene"},{"label":"R06AD01","category":"atc"},{"label":"Active","category":"status"},{"label":"Allergic conjunctivitis","category":"indication"},{"label":"Allergic rhinitis","category":"indication"},{"label":"Angioedema","category":"indication"},{"label":"Dermatographic urticaria","category":"indication"},{"label":"General anesthesia","category":"indication"},{"label":"Itching of skin","category":"indication"},{"label":"Antipruritics","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Dermatologic Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Histamine Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Histamine Antagonists","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Histamine H1 Antagonists","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Neurotransmitter Agents","category":"pharmacology"}],"phase":"marketed","safety":{"safetySignals":[{"llr":1609.34,"date":"","count":574,"signal":"Intentional overdose","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 574 times (LLR=1609)"},{"llr":1569.108,"date":"","count":432,"signal":"Intentional self-injury","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 432 times (LLR=1569)"},{"llr":1393.391,"date":"","count":508,"signal":"Coma","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 508 times (LLR=1393)"},{"llr":850.654,"date":"","count":230,"signal":"Poisoning deliberate","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 230 times (LLR=851)"},{"llr":396.28,"date":"","count":299,"signal":"Somnolence","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 299 times (LLR=396)"},{"llr":366.346,"date":"","count":345,"signal":"Toxicity to various agents","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 345 times (LLR=366)"},{"llr":301.751,"date":"","count":203,"signal":"Drug abuse","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 203 times (LLR=302)"},{"llr":248.932,"date":"","count":150,"signal":"Electrocardiogram QT prolonged","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 150 times (LLR=249)"},{"llr":234.005,"date":"","count":143,"signal":"Suicide attempt","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 143 times (LLR=234)"},{"llr":213.98,"date":"","count":137,"signal":"Depressed level of consciousness","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 137 times (LLR=214)"},{"llr":204.987,"date":"","count":174,"signal":"Tachycardia","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 174 times (LLR=205)"},{"llr":182.16,"date":"","count":69,"signal":"Miosis","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 69 times (LLR=182)"},{"llr":168.254,"date":"","count":90,"signal":"Hepatocellular injury","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 90 times (LLR=168)"},{"llr":164.015,"date":"","count":50,"signal":"Bradypnoea","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 50 times (LLR=164)"},{"llr":141.171,"date":"","count":82,"signal":"Altered state of consciousness","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 82 times (LLR=141)"}],"commonSideEffects":[],"contraindications":["Acute disease of cardiovascular system","Alcoholism","Anemia","Angina pectoris","At risk for aspiration","Benign prostatic hyperplasia","Bradycardia","Breastfeeding (mother)","Carcinoma of female breast","Chronic disease of respiratory system","Chronic heart failure","Coma","Conduction disorder of the heart","Congenital long QT syndrome","Disease of liver","Epilepsy","Extrapyramidal disease","Glaucoma","Hyperglycemia","Hyperprolactinemia","Leukopenia","Metabolic syndrome X","Myocardial infarction","Myocardial ischemia","Neuroleptic malignant syndrome"]},"trials":[],"aliases":[],"patents":[],"pricing":[],"_fixedAt":"2026-03-30T16:30:34.419982","_sources":{"trials":{"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=alimemazine","method":"api_direct","source":"ClinicalTrials.gov","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"ctgov","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:00:39.394934+00:00"},"timeline":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alimemazine","method":"deterministic","source":"Wikipedia","rawText":"","confidence":0.8,"sourceType":"wikipedia","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:00:46.706361+00:00"},"aiSummary":{"url":"","method":"ai_extraction","source":"AI Strategic Summary","aiModel":"featherless","rawText":"","confidence":0.9,"sourceType":"ai_extraction","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:01:04.170943+00:00"},"regulatory.ca":{"url":"","method":"api_direct","source":"Health Canada DPD","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"health_canada_dpd","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:00:45.032881+00:00"},"publicationCount":{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=alimemazine","method":"api_direct","source":"PubMed/NCBI","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"pubmed","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:00:45.635486+00:00"},"crossReferences.chemblId":{"url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/compound_report_card/CHEMBL829/","method":"api_direct","source":"ChEMBL (EMBL-EBI)","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"chembl","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:00:46.345383+00:00"}},"allNames":"temaril","offLabel":[],"synonyms":["alimemazine","alimemazine tartrate","temaril","trimeprazine tartrate","trimeprazine","alimezine","methylpromazine","teralene"],"timeline":[],"aiSummary":"Temaril, also known as Alimemazine or Trimeprazine, is a small molecule with antipruritic, sedative, hypnotic, and antiemetic properties. It has been studied in clinical trials for various conditions, including active cocaine users, ADHD, and Autism Spectrum Disorder, and has been compared to other stimulant medications such as amphetamine and methylphenidate.","brandName":"Temaril","ecosystem":[{"indication":"Allergic conjunctivitis","otherDrugs":[{"name":"acrivastine","slug":"acrivastine","company":"Auxilium Pharms Inc"},{"name":"alcaftadine","slug":"alcaftadine","company":"Allergan"},{"name":"antazoline","slug":"antazoline","company":"Novartis"},{"name":"astemizole","slug":"astemizole","company":""}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Allergic rhinitis","otherDrugs":[{"name":"acrivastine","slug":"acrivastine","company":"Auxilium Pharms Inc"},{"name":"antazoline","slug":"antazoline","company":"Novartis"},{"name":"astemizole","slug":"astemizole","company":""},{"name":"azatadine","slug":"azatadine","company":""}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Angioedema","otherDrugs":[{"name":"betamethasone","slug":"betamethasone","company":""},{"name":"betamethasone acetate","slug":"betamethasone-acetate","company":""},{"name":"cortisone acetate","slug":"cortisone-acetate","company":""},{"name":"dexamethasone","slug":"dexamethasone","company":""}],"globalPrevalence":200000},{"indication":"Dermatographic urticaria","otherDrugs":[{"name":"antazoline","slug":"antazoline","company":"Novartis"},{"name":"azatadine","slug":"azatadine","company":""},{"name":"brompheniramine","slug":"brompheniramine","company":""},{"name":"carbinoxamine","slug":"carbinoxamine","company":"Mcneil"}],"globalPrevalence":68000000},{"indication":"General anesthesia","otherDrugs":[{"name":"acetylcysteine","slug":"acetylcysteine","company":"Apothecon"},{"name":"alfentanil","slug":"alfentanil","company":"Akorn"},{"name":"amobarbital","slug":"amobarbital","company":""},{"name":"atracurium","slug":"atracurium","company":""}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Itching of skin","otherDrugs":[{"name":"allantoin","slug":"allantoin","company":""},{"name":"ammonium lactate","slug":"ammonium-lactate","company":"Ranbaxy"},{"name":"antazoline","slug":"antazoline","company":"Novartis"},{"name":"azatadine","slug":"azatadine","company":""}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Nasal congestion","otherDrugs":[{"name":"acrivastine","slug":"acrivastine","company":"Auxilium Pharms Inc"},{"name":"ammonium chloride","slug":"ammonium-chloride","company":"B Braun"},{"name":"antazoline","slug":"antazoline","company":"Novartis"},{"name":"azatadine","slug":"azatadine","company":""}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Nasal discharge","otherDrugs":[{"name":"acrivastine","slug":"acrivastine","company":"Auxilium Pharms Inc"},{"name":"ammonium chloride","slug":"ammonium-chloride","company":"B Braun"},{"name":"antazoline","slug":"antazoline","company":"Novartis"},{"name":"azatadine","slug":"azatadine","company":""}],"globalPrevalence":30000000}],"mechanism":{"target":"Histamine H1 receptor","novelty":"First-in-class","targets":[{"gene":"HRH1","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Histamine H1 receptor","protein":"Histamine H1 receptor","isPrimary":true,"activityType":"","activityValue":null},{"gene":"GFER","source":"DrugCentral","target":"FAD-linked sulfhydryl oxidase ALR","protein":"FAD-linked sulfhydryl oxidase ALR"}],"modality":"Small Molecule","drugClass":"trimeprazine","explanation":"","oneSentence":"","technicalDetail":"Temaril (alimemazine) is a trimeprazine that acts as a histamine H1 receptor antagonist, thereby inhibiting the action of FAD-linked sulfhydryl oxidase ALR, which is involved in the production of histamine."},"_wikipedia":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alimemazine","title":"Alimemazine","extract":"Alimemazine (INN), also known as trimeprazine, commonly provided as a tartrate salt, is a phenothiazine derivative that is used as an antipruritic. It also acts as a sedative, hypnotic, and antiemetic for prevention of motion sickness.","wiki_society_and_culture":"== Society and culture ==\n=== Brand names ===\nBrand names include Nedeltran, Panectyl, Repeltin, Teraligen, Therafene, Theraligene, Theralen, Thegalin, Theralene, Vallergan, Vanectyl, and Temaril. \n\n===Use by Country===\nIn the Russian Federation, it is sold under the brand name Teraligen for the treatment of anxiety disorders (including GAD), organic mood disorders, sleep disturbances, personality disorders accompanied by asthenia and depression, somatoform autonomic dysfunction and various neuroses.\n\n=== Veterinary use ===\nIn the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved it for human use, and it can only be prescribed by veterinarians.\n\nA novel combination drug that combines alimemazine with prednisolone and sold under the brand name Temaril-P is licensed as an antipruritic and antitussive in dogs (called Vanectyl P in Canada). A generic version of the combination trimeprazine/prednisolone was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in June 2024."},"commercial":{},"references":[{"id":1,"url":"https://drugcentral.org/drugcard/2749","fields":["approvals","synonyms","ATC","PK","indications","contraindications","DDIs","targets","patents","FAERS"],"source":"DrugCentral"},{"id":2,"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=alimemazine","fields":["trials"],"source":"ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"id":3,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=alimemazine","fields":["publications"],"source":"PubMed/NCBI"},{"id":4,"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alimemazine","fields":["history","overview"],"source":"Wikipedia"}],"_enrichedAt":"2026-03-30T08:37:23.027685","_validation":{"fieldsValidated":1,"lastValidatedAt":"2026-04-20T00:01:04.171080+00:00","fieldsConflicting":2,"overallConfidence":0.8},"biosimilars":[],"competitors":[{"drugName":"promethazine","drugSlug":"promethazine","fdaApproval":"1951-03-29","genericCount":48,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"thiethylperazine","drugSlug":"thiethylperazine","fdaApproval":"1961-07-18","patentStatus":"Unknown","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"methdilazine","drugSlug":"methdilazine","fdaApproval":"","patentStatus":"Unknown","relationship":"same-class"}],"genericName":"alimemazine","indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Allergic conjunctivitis","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":473460002,"regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Allergic rhinitis","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":61582004,"regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Angioedema","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":41291007,"regulator":"FDA","usPrevalence":null,"globalPrevalence":200000,"prevalenceMethod":"curated","prevalenceSource":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol, 2025 (PMID:39827848)"},{"name":"Dermatographic urticaria","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":7632005,"regulator":"FDA","usPrevalence":null,"globalPrevalence":68000000,"prevalenceMethod":"curated","prevalenceSource":"Allergy, 2020 (PMID:31494963)"},{"name":"General anesthesia","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":50697003,"regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Itching of skin","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":418363000,"regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Nasal congestion","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":68235000,"regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Nasal discharge","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":64531003,"regulator":"FDA","usPrevalence":null,"globalPrevalence":30000000,"prevalenceMethod":"curated","prevalenceSource":"Influenza Other Respir Viruses, 2023 (PMID:36824394)"},{"name":"Sneezing","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":76067001,"regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Urticaria","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":126485001,"regulator":"FDA","usPrevalence":null,"globalPrevalence":68000000,"prevalenceMethod":"curated","prevalenceSource":"Allergy, 2020 (PMID:31494963)"}],"offLabel":[],"pipeline":[]},"_fixedFields":["primaryTarget"],"drugCategory":"active","labelChanges":[],"relatedDrugs":[{"drugId":"promethazine","brandName":"promethazine","genericName":"promethazine","approvalYear":"1951","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"thiethylperazine","brandName":"thiethylperazine","genericName":"thiethylperazine","approvalYear":"1961","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"methdilazine","brandName":"methdilazine","genericName":"methdilazine","approvalYear":"","relationship":"same-class"}],"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT05916339","phase":"PHASE4","title":"AWARE: Management of ADHD in Autism Spectrum Disorder","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Daniel Coury","startDate":"2023-10-01","conditions":["ADHD","Autism Spectrum Disorder"],"enrollment":500,"completionDate":"2027-12-30"},{"nctId":"NCT02383043","phase":"EARLY_PHASE1","title":"Impact of Sustained Release d-Amphetamine on Choice Between Cocaine and a Non-Drug Reinforcer","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Joshua A. Lile, Ph.D.","startDate":"2015-02-01","conditions":["Active Cocaine Users"],"enrollment":18,"completionDate":"2018-04-05"}],"genericFilers":[],"latestUpdates":[],"manufacturing":[],"crossReferences":{"NUI":"N0000148045","MMSL":"2318","NDDF":"001535","UNII":"362NW1LD6Z","VUID":"4019960","CHEBI":"CHEBI:9725","VANDF":"4018016","INN_ID":"706","RXNORM":"10825","UMLSCUI":"C0041031","chemblId":"CHEMBL829","ChEMBL_ID":"CHEMBL829","KEGG_DRUG":"D02245","DRUGBANK_ID":"DB01246","PUBCHEM_CID":"5574","SNOMEDCT_US":"387471006","IUPHAR_LIGAND_ID":"7237","SECONDARY_CAS_RN":"4330-99-8","MESH_DESCRIPTOR_UI":"D014291","MESH_SUPPLEMENTAL_RECORD_UI":"C031242"},"formularyStatus":[],"_enricherVersion":"v2","developmentCodes":[],"ownershipHistory":[{"period":"","companyName":"Allergan Herbert","relationship":"FDA Licensee"}],"publicationCount":111,"therapeuticAreas":["Dermatology"],"atcClassification":{"source":"DrugCentral","atcCode":"R06AD01","allCodes":["R06AD01"]},"biosimilarFilings":[],"recentPublications":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"status":"active","companyName":"","companyId":"unknown","modality":"Small Molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":1,"regulatoryByCountry":[{"country_code":"CA","regulator":"Health Canada","status":"approved","approval_date":null,"mah":"","brand_name_local":"","application_number":""},{"country_code":"US","regulator":"FDA","status":"approved","approval_date":null,"mah":null,"brand_name_local":null,"application_number":null},{"country_code":"US","regulator":"FDA","status":"approved","approval_date":null,"mah":"ALLERGAN HERBERT","brand_name_local":"TEMARIL","application_number":"NDA011316"}],"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"validation":{"fieldsValidated":1,"lastValidatedAt":"2026-04-20T00:01:04.171080+00:00","fieldsConflicting":2,"overallConfidence":0.8},"verificationStatus":"partial","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":false,"indications":true,"safety":false,"trials":true,"score":2}}