{"id":"algestone-acetophenide","rwe":[],"tags":[{"label":"algestone acetophenide","category":"class"},{"label":"Small Molecule","category":"modality"},{"label":"Active","category":"status"},{"label":"Anti-Inflammatory Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Contraceptive Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Contraceptive Agents, Female","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Contraceptive Agents, Hormonal","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Hormones","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Progestins","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Reproductive Control Agents","category":"pharmacology"}],"phase":"unknown","safety":{"safetySignals":[{"llr":36.294,"date":"","count":4,"signal":"Lupus nephritis","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 4 times (LLR=36)"}],"commonSideEffects":[{"effect":"Lupus nephritis","drugRate":"LLR 36","severity":"common"}]},"trials":[],"aliases":[],"patents":[],"pricing":[],"allNames":"droxone","offLabel":[],"synonyms":["deladroxone","alphasone acetophenide","dihydroxyprogesterone acetophenide","droxone","algestone acetophenide"],"timeline":[],"brandName":"Droxone","ecosystem":[],"mechanism":{"modality":"Small Molecule","drugClass":"algestone acetophenide","explanation":"Imagine your body has a special lockbox that regulates inflammation and immune responses. Droxone is a key that fits into this lockbox, allowing it to send signals that reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system. This can help to treat conditions characterized by excessive inflammation or immune activity.","oneSentence":"Droxone works by binding to and activating glucocorticoid receptors, mimicking the effects of cortisol in the body.","technicalDetail":"Algestone acetophenide acts as a selective glucocorticoid receptor agonist, exerting its effects through the activation of the glucocorticoid receptor, which in turn modulates the transcription of genes involved in inflammation and immune responses."},"_wikipedia":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algestone_acetophenide","title":"Algestone acetophenide","extract":"Algestone acetophenide, also known more commonly as dihydroxyprogesterone acetophenide (DHPA) and sold under the brand names Perlutal and Topasel among others, is a progestin medication which is used in combination with an estrogen as a form of long-lasting injectable birth control. It has also been used alone, but is no longer available as a standalone medication. DHPA is not active by mouth and is given once a month by injection into muscle.","wiki_history":"==History==\nDHPA was first described in the literature in 1958 and was patented in 1960. It was developed in combination with estradiol enantate as a long-lasting combined injectable contraceptive under the tentative brand names Deladroxate and Droxone by Squibb and was studied in women starting in 1964. Development was discontinued by Squibb in the United States in the late 1960s due to concerns of toxicological findings in animals, including mammary gland tumors in beagle dogs and pituitary hyperplasia in rats, as well as possible accumulation of estradiol enantate in the body with continued use. Subsequent research has shed doubt that these animal findings are applicable to humans and that the dosages required for contraception would pose any risks. Although the medication was not marketed in the United States, its development was continued elsewhere and it went on to be introduced and widely used in Latin America and Spain. A standalone version of DHPA was introduced in Italy in 1982 under the brand names Neolutin Depo and Neolutin Depositum. This single-drug formulation has since been discontinued. DHPA remains available in Latin America, but is no longer marketed in Europe.","wiki_society_and_culture":"==Society and culture==\n\n===Generic names===\nAlgestone acetophenide are the English generic name of the drug and its  and , while dihydroxyprogesterone acetophenide (DHPA) is a commonly used synonym. Its generic names in other languages are as follows: DHPA has been marketed in combination with estradiol enantate (E2-EN) as a combined injectable contraceptive in a few different preparations, with varying doses of E2-EN and DHPA.\n\n* E2-EN 10&nbsp;mg / DHPA 150&nbsp;mg: Acefil, Agurin<sup>†</sup>, Atrimon<sup>†</sup>, Ciclomes, Ciclovar, Ciclovular, Cicnor<sup>†</sup>, Clinomin, Cycloven, Daiva, Damix, Deprans, Deproxone, Exuna, Ginestest, Ginoplan<sup>†</sup>, Gynomes, Horprotal, Listen, Luvonal, Neogestar, Neolutin, Nomagest, Nonestrol, Normagest, Normensil, Novular, Oterol, Ovoginal, Patector, Patectro, Perludil, Perlumes, Perlutal, Perlutale, Perlutan, Perlutin, Perlutin-Unifarma, Permisil, Preg-Less, Pregnolan, Progestrol<sup>†</sup>, Protegin, Proter, Seguralmes, Synovular, Topasel, Unigalen, Uno-Ciclo, and Vagital.\n* E2-EN 10&nbsp;mg / DHPA 120&nbsp;mg: Anafertin<sup>†</sup>, Patector NF, and Yectames.\n* E2-EN 5&nbsp;mg / DHPA 75&nbsp;mg: Unalmes and Yectuna.\n* E2-EN 10&nbsp;mg / DHPA 75&nbsp;mg: Ova Repos<sup>†</sup>.\n* Unsorted: Evitas<sup>†</sup>, Femineo<sup>†</sup>, and Primyfar<sup>†</sup>.\n\nThe combination of E2-EN 10&nbsp;mg and DHPA 150&nbsp;mg was developed under the developmental brand name Deladroxate, but this brand name was never used commercially.\n\nDHPA has also been used in veterinary medicine in cows under the brand name Bovitrol.\n\n===Availability===\nthumb|right|400px|class=skin-invert-image|Known availability of DHPA in countries throughout the world (as of September 2018).\n\nDHPA has been available for use both alone and in combination with estrogens. It was estimated in 1995 that E2-EN/DHPA was used as a combined injectable contraceptive in Latin America by at least 1&nbsp;million women. However, combined injectable contraceptives like E2-EN/"},"commercial":{},"references":[{"id":1,"url":"https://drugcentral.org/drugcard/797","fields":["approvals","synonyms","ATC","PK","indications","contraindications","DDIs","targets","patents","FAERS"],"source":"DrugCentral"},{"id":2,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=algestone acetophenide","fields":["publications"],"source":"PubMed/NCBI"},{"id":3,"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algestone_acetophenide","fields":["history","overview"],"source":"Wikipedia"}],"_enrichedAt":"2026-03-30T08:36:59.386683","biosimilars":[],"competitors":[],"genericName":"algestone acetophenide","indications":{"approved":[],"offLabel":[],"pipeline":[]},"drugCategory":"active","labelChanges":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"trialDetails":[],"genericFilers":[],"latestUpdates":[],"manufacturing":[],"crossReferences":{"MMSL":"32887","NDDF":"006143","UNII":"OL7KC2O3OT","CHEBI":"CHEBI:49327","UMLSCUI":"C0002039","ChEMBL_ID":"CHEMBL3989742","KEGG_DRUG":"D02809","DRUGBANK_ID":"DB15775","PUBCHEM_CID":"102011","MESH_DESCRIPTOR_UI":"D000463"},"formularyStatus":[],"_enricherVersion":"v2","developmentCodes":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"publicationCount":33,"therapeuticAreas":["Immunology"],"biosimilarFilings":[],"recentPublications":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"status":"active","companyName":"","companyId":"unknown","modality":"Small Molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Droxone, also known as algestone acetophenide, is a small molecule drug of the algestone acetophenide class. Its original development is attributed to an unknown entity, and its current ownership is also unclear. The target and indications for Droxone are not specified, and its commercial status, including FDA approval and patent status, is unknown. As a result, there is limited information available on its pharmacokinetic properties, such as half-life and bioavailability. Further research is necessary to determine the safety and efficacy of Droxone.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":1,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"partial","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":false,"safety":true,"trials":false,"score":2}}