{"id":"acefylline","rwe":[{"pmid":"39439933","year":"2024","title":"Computational exploration of acefylline derivatives as MAO-B inhibitors for Parkinson's disease: insights from molecular docking, DFT, ADMET, and molecular dynamics approaches.","finding":"","journal":"Frontiers in chemistry","studyType":"Clinical Study"},{"pmid":"38893328","year":"2024","title":"Assessment of Bitterness in Non-Charged Pharmaceuticals with a Taste Sensor: A Study on Substances with Xanthine Scaffold and Allopurinol.","finding":"","journal":"Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)","studyType":"Clinical Study"},{"pmid":"37649576","year":"2023","title":"Theophylline-based hybrids as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors endowed with anti-inflammatory activity: synthesis, bioevaluation, in silico and preliminary kinetic studies.","finding":"","journal":"RSC advances","studyType":"Clinical Study"},{"pmid":"36520942","year":"2022","title":"Repositioning of acefylline as anti-cancer drug: Synthesis, anticancer and computational studies of azomethines derived from acefylline tethered 4-amino-3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole.","finding":"","journal":"PloS one","studyType":"Clinical Study"},{"pmid":"35791583","year":"2022","title":"In-vitro cytotoxic evaluation, hemolytic and thrombolytic potential of newly designed acefylline based hydrazones as potent anticancer agents against human lung cancer cell line (A549).","finding":"","journal":"Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences","studyType":"Clinical Study"}],"tags":[{"label":"acefylline","category":"class"},{"label":"Small Molecule","category":"modality"},{"label":"Adenosine receptor A2b","category":"target"},{"label":"ADORA2B","category":"gene"},{"label":"R03DA09","category":"atc"},{"label":"Active","category":"status"},{"label":"Asthma","category":"indication"},{"label":"Bronchitis","category":"indication"},{"label":"Disorder of cardiovascular system","category":"indication"}],"phase":"phase_2","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[]},"trials":[],"aliases":[],"patents":[],"pricing":[],"allNames":"acephylline","offLabel":[],"synonyms":["epicophylline","acefylline piperazine","acefylline piperazine salt","acepifylline","aethaphyllinum","piperazine theophylline ethanoate","acephylline","acefylline","carboxymethyltheophylline","theophyllineacetic acid"],"timeline":[],"brandName":"Acephylline","ecosystem":[{"indication":"Asthma","otherDrugs":[{"name":"beclometasone dipropionate","slug":"beclometasone-dipropionate","company":""},{"name":"betamethasone","slug":"betamethasone","company":""},{"name":"betamethasone acetate","slug":"betamethasone-acetate","company":""},{"name":"bitolterol","slug":"bitolterol","company":"Sanofi Aventis Us"}],"globalPrevalence":262000000},{"indication":"Bronchitis","otherDrugs":[{"name":"acetylcysteine","slug":"acetylcysteine","company":"Apothecon"},{"name":"amphotericin B","slug":"amphotericin-b","company":"Apothecon"},{"name":"bitolterol","slug":"bitolterol","company":"Sanofi Aventis Us"},{"name":"cefixime","slug":"cefixime","company":""}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Disorder of cardiovascular system","otherDrugs":[],"globalPrevalence":null}],"mechanism":{"target":"Adenosine receptor A2b","targets":[{"gene":"ADORA2B","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Adenosine receptor A2b","protein":"Adenosine receptor A2b"}],"modality":"Small Molecule","drugClass":"acefylline","explanation":"Imagine your airways are like a narrow road that gets congested when you have asthma or bronchitis. Acephylline helps to calm down the muscles that line the airways, making it easier to breathe. This is achieved by blocking the action of adenosine, a chemical that can cause these muscles to constrict.","oneSentence":"Acephylline works by binding to the adenosine receptor A2b, which helps to relax airway smooth muscle and improve lung function.","technicalDetail":"Acephylline exerts its effects by selectively antagonizing the adenosine receptor A2b, which is involved in the regulation of airway smooth muscle tone and inflammation. This action leads to bronchodilation and improved lung function, making it a potential treatment for respiratory diseases such as asthma and bronchitis."},"commercial":{},"references":[{"id":1,"url":"https://drugcentral.org/drugcard/49","fields":["approvals","synonyms","ATC","PK","indications","contraindications","DDIs","targets","patents","FAERS"],"source":"DrugCentral"},{"id":2,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=ACEFYLLINE","fields":["publications"],"source":"PubMed/NCBI"}],"_enrichedAt":"2026-03-30T07:27:24.458400","biosimilars":[],"competitors":[{"drugName":"diprophylline","drugSlug":"diprophylline","fdaApproval":"1951-03-07","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"choline theophyllinate","drugSlug":"choline-theophyllinate","fdaApproval":"1981-11-05","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"theophylline","drugSlug":"theophylline","fdaApproval":"1940-04-19","genericCount":53,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"}],"genericName":"acefylline","indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Asthma","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":195967001,"regulator":"FDA","usPrevalence":25000000,"globalPrevalence":262000000,"prevalenceMethod":"curated","prevalenceSource":"WHO, 2023"},{"name":"Bronchitis","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":32398004,"regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Disorder of cardiovascular system","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":49601007,"regulator":"FDA"}],"offLabel":[],"pipeline":[]},"drugCategory":"active","labelChanges":[],"relatedDrugs":[{"drugId":"diprophylline","brandName":"diprophylline","genericName":"diprophylline","approvalYear":"1951","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"choline-theophyllinate","brandName":"choline theophyllinate","genericName":"choline theophyllinate","approvalYear":"1981","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"theophylline","brandName":"theophylline","genericName":"theophylline","approvalYear":"1940","relationship":"same-class"}],"trialDetails":[],"genericFilers":[],"latestUpdates":[],"manufacturing":[],"crossReferences":{"NDDF":"005935","UNII":"M494UE2YEP","CHEBI":"CHEBI:94615","INN_ID":"1583","UMLSCUI":"C0050405","ChEMBL_ID":"CHEMBL70246","KEGG_DRUG":"D07062","DRUGBANK_ID":"DB13573","PUBCHEM_CID":"69550","SECONDARY_CAS_RN":"18833-13-1","MESH_SUPPLEMENTAL_RECORD_UI":"C019140"},"formularyStatus":[],"_enricherVersion":"v2","developmentCodes":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"publicationCount":13,"therapeuticAreas":["Cardiovascular"],"atcClassification":{"source":"DrugCentral","atcCode":"R03DA09","allCodes":["R03DA09"]},"biosimilarFilings":[],"recentPublications":[{"date":"2024","pmid":"39439933","title":"Computational exploration of acefylline derivatives as MAO-B inhibitors for Parkinson's disease: insights from molecular docking, DFT, ADMET, and molecular dynamics approaches.","journal":"Frontiers in chemistry"},{"date":"2024 May 23","pmid":"38893328","title":"Assessment of Bitterness in Non-Charged Pharmaceuticals with a Taste Sensor: A Study on Substances with Xanthine Scaffold and Allopurinol.","journal":"Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"date":"2023 Aug 21","pmid":"37649576","title":"Theophylline-based hybrids as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors endowed with anti-inflammatory activity: synthesis, bioevaluation, in silico and preliminary kinetic studies.","journal":"RSC advances"},{"date":"2022","pmid":"36520942","title":"Repositioning of acefylline as anti-cancer drug: Synthesis, anticancer and computational studies of azomethines derived from acefylline tethered 4-amino-3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole.","journal":"PloS one"},{"date":"2022 May","pmid":"35791583","title":"In-vitro cytotoxic evaluation, hemolytic and thrombolytic potential of newly designed acefylline based hydrazones as potent anticancer agents against human lung cancer cell line (A549).","journal":"Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences"}],"companionDiagnostics":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"status":"active","companyName":"","companyId":"","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Acephylline is a small molecule with an unknown mechanism of action. It is also known by various synonyms, including Dynaphylline.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"partial","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":false,"trials":false,"score":2}}